MySQL数据库主从同步,你get到了吗？

#关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
iptables -F
#关闭selinux
setenforce 0

ifconfig 
192.168.116.166   #第一台服务器IP作为主master
192.168.116.128   #第二台服务器IP作为从slave

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)

#清空现有的mariadb和mysql相关的文件
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64 --nodeps

[root@localhost ~]# find / -name mariadb
[root@localhost ~]# find / -name mysql
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/mysql
/usr/lib64/mysql
[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/mysql /usr/lib64/mysql

yum install wget -y 
wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql80-community-release-el7.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql80-community-release-el7.rpm 
yum install mysql-community-server

#启动服务
systemctl restart mysqld

#查找初始化密码
grep -i 'password' /var/log/mysqld.log 
2023-03-23T06:39:43.463553Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: q_gkjqeR1iGA

#使用密码登录数据库修改成新密码
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.32

Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '#Admin$5^!';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye

alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '#Admin$5^!';

mysql> show variables like 'validate%';
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| Variable_name                        | Value  |
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| validate_password.check_user_name    | ON     | 
| validate_password.dictionary_file    |        |
| validate_password.length             | 8      |
| validate_password.mixed_case_count   | 1      |
| validate_password.number_count       | 1      |
| validate_password.policy             | MEDIUM |
| validate_password.special_char_count | 1      |
+--------------------------------------+--------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

[root@localhost ~]# hostname master
[root@localhost ~]# bash
[root@master ~]# 

[root@master ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 11
Server version: 8.0.32 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> create user 'slave21'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by '#slvae21!@3LL';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'slave21'@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show grants for 'slave21'@'%';
+-------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for slave21@%                            |
+-------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO `slave21`@`%` |
+-------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

create user 'slave21'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by '#slvae21!@3LL';

grant replication slave on *.* to 'slave21'@'%';

flush privileges;

show grants for 'slave21'@'%';

[root@master ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@master ~]# sed 4,+4p -n /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server-id=21
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_do_db=test
binlog_ignore_db=mysql
#重启服务
[root@master ~]# systemctl restart mysqld

[root@master ~]# !m
mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.32 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 |      157 | test         | mysql            |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

[root@localhost ~]# hostname slave22
[root@localhost ~]# bash
[root@slave22 ~]# 

#mysql的配置文件
[root@slave22 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@slave22 ~]# sed 4,+1p -n /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server-id=22
[root@slave22 ~]# systemctl restart mysqld

[root@slave22 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.32 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.116.166',master_user='slave21',master_password='#slvae21!@3LL',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=157;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 8 warnings (0.01 sec)

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql> show slave status \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for source to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.116.166
                  Master_User: slave21
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 157
               Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 326
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 157
              Relay_Log_Space: 540
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 21
                  Master_UUID: 7d57e7f4-c945-11ed-b2a1-000c29b5625a
             Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Replica has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: 
       Master_public_key_path: 
        Get_master_public_key: 0
            Network_Namespace: 
1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

change master to master_host='192.168.116.166',master_user='slave21',master_password='#slvae21!@3LL',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=157;

start slave;

show slave status \G

mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> reset slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.03 sec)
mysql> show slave status \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for source to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.116.166
                  Master_User: slave21
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 157
               Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000003
                Relay_Log_Pos: 373
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 157
              Relay_Log_Space: 767
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 21
                  Master_UUID: 7d57e7f4-c945-11ed-b2a1-000c29b5625a
             Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Replica has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: 
       Master_public_key_path: 
        Get_master_public_key: 0
            Network_Namespace: 
1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

#主master上创建
mysql> create database test;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> create database abc;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> use test
Database changed
mysql> create table test1(id int,name varchar(20) not null default 'username');
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into test1 values(1,'zhangsan'), (2,'lisi'), (3,'wangwu');
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.02 sec)
Records: 3  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> desc test1;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+----------+-------+
| Field | Type        | Null | Key | Default  | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+----------+-------+
| id    | int         | YES  |     | NULL     |       |
| name  | varchar(20) | NO   |     | username |       |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+----------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> select id,name from test1;
+------+----------+
| id   | name     |
+------+----------+
|    1 | zhangsan |
|    2 | lisi     |
|    3 | wangwu   |
+------+----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| test               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use test;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| test1          |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> desc test1;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+----------+-------+
| Field | Type        | Null | Key | Default  | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+----------+-------+
| id    | int         | YES  |     | NULL     |       |
| name  | varchar(20) | NO   |     | username |       |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+----------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select id,name from test1;
+------+----------+
| id   | name     |
+------+----------+
|    1 | zhangsan |
|    2 | lisi     |
|    3 | wangwu   |
+------+----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)