在salesforce开发中,发送邮件是一个很常见的功能。比如在进入审批流以后的通过和拒绝的操作需要发送邮件给记录的owner,和其他系统交互以后更改了某些状态通知相关的User或者Contact等等。可以说,发送邮件在业务上是一个必不可少的环节。
salesforce提供了多种发送邮件的方式,比如SingleEmail,MassEmail,这里主要说一下SingleEmail.
SingleEmail操作位于Messaging.SingleEmailMessage类中,主要有两种方式发送邮件,一个是可以通过模板,一个是不需要借助模板。这里主要说一下相关主要方法:
其他方法可以自行查看。下面内容为不使用模板和使用模板demo.
一.不使用邮件模板
1.发送普通文本邮件:此方法会发送邮件给targetObjectId设置的User/Contact/lead对应的email地址
public void sendEmailWithoutEmailTemplateToOrgUsers() {
Messaging.SingleEmailMessage email = new Messaging.SingleEmailMessage();
email.setSenderDisplayName('the sender name you want to show');
email.setPlainTextBody('test email text');
email.setSubject('test email subject');
email.setTargetObjectId('00528000002MLtt');//使用此种方式给org内部User/Contact/Lead发邮件,email limit的count不加1
email.setSaveAsActivity(false);//如果设置targetObjectId,则必须设置setSaveAsActivity为false
Messaging.sendEmail(new List<Messaging.SingleEmailMessage>{email});
}
2.发送html格式邮件:发送html格式邮件给toAddresses的user
public void sendEmailWithoutEmailTemplateToExtraUser() {
Messaging.SingleEmailMessage email = new Messaging.SingleEmailMessage();
email.setSenderDisplayName('the sender name you want to show');
email.setHtmlBody('<span color="red">测试html body内容</span>');
email.setSubject('test email subject use html');
//addresses which you wanna send to
List<String> toAddresses = new List<String>();
toAddresses.add('xx@qq.com');
email.setToAddresses(toAddresses);
Messaging.sendEmail(new List<Messaging.SingleEmailMessage>{email});
}
二.使用邮件模板
邮件的template salesforce提供了4种类型方式:Text/HTML (using Letterhead)/Custom (without using Letterhead)/Visualforce
使用模板方式在发送邮件中使用很多,可以在setup->搜索email template即可设置email template.
1.Text类型template,使用merge field:使用merge field,需要在程序中引用相关的template并且设置相关引用的object设置给whatId.
public void sendEmailWithTextTemplateUseMergeField() {
EmailTemplate temp = [
SELECT Id, Name, Subject, HtmlValue, Body, BrandTemplateId
FROM EmailTemplate
WHERE DeveloperName = 'Test_Text_With_Merge_Field'
LIMIT 1
];
Contact con = [SELECT Id FROM Contact where name = 'york zhang'];
Goods__c goods = [select Id,GoodsName__c from Goods__c where GoodsName__c != null limit 1];
Messaging.SingleEmailMessage email = new Messaging.SingleEmailMessage();
//set display name,the value will show sender name
email.setSenderDisplayName('the sender name you want to show');
//if use template,targetObjectId will be required
email.setTargetObjectId(con.Id);
//for default,the email will send to targetObject's email,
//if you don't want to send target object (user/contact/lead),just setTreatTargetObjectAsRecipient false
email.setTreatTargetObjectAsRecipient(false);
//if target object id is user or contact,set saveAsActivity false
email.setSaveAsActivity(false);
//set merge object id only if target object instanceof contact
email.setWhatId(goods.Id);
//set template id
email.setTemplateId(temp.Id);
List<String> toAddresses = new List<String>{'xx@qq.com'};
email.setToAddresses(toAddresses);
Messaging.sendEmail(new List<Messaging.SingleEmailMessage>{email});
}
2.Text类型template使用format:如果有些地方参数希望程序动态传入,可以使用format方式传入,html类型也可以使用,下面不做解释;
public void sendEmailWithTextTemplateUseFormat() {
EmailTemplate temp = [
SELECT Id, Name, Subject, HtmlValue, Body, BrandTemplateId
FROM EmailTemplate
WHERE DeveloperName = 'Test_Text_With_Format'
LIMIT 1
];
String subjectFormat = String.format(temp.Subject, new List<String>{'test subject title'});
String bodyFormat = String.format(temp.Body,new List<String>{'test param1','test param2'});
Messaging.SingleEmailMessage email = new Messaging.SingleEmailMessage();
Contact con = [SELECT Id FROM Contact where name = 'york zhang'];
email.setTargetObjectId(con.Id);
email.setSaveAsActivity(false);
email.setSubject(subjectFormat);
email.setPlainTextBody(bodyFormat);
email.setTemplateId(temp.Id);
Messaging.sendEmail(new List<Messaging.SingleEmailMessage>{email});
}
3.Html类型template:使用html template写内容的时候可以将meta倒下来写好html以后在deploy上去
public void sendEmailWithHtmlTemplateUseFormat() {
EmailTemplate temp = [
SELECT Id, Name, Subject, HtmlValue, Body, BrandTemplateId
FROM EmailTemplate
WHERE DeveloperName = 'Test_Text_With_Html'
LIMIT 1
];
String subjectFormat = String.format(temp.Subject, new List<String>{'test subject title'});
String bodyFormat = String.format(temp.HtmlValue,new List<String>{'test param1','test param2'});
Messaging.SingleEmailMessage email = new Messaging.SingleEmailMessage();
Contact con = [SELECT Id FROM Contact where name = 'york zhang'];
email.setTargetObjectId(con.Id);
email.setSaveAsActivity(false);
email.setSubject(subjectFormat);
email.setHtmlBody(bodyFormat);
email.setTemplateId(temp.Id);
Messaging.sendEmail(new List<Messaging.SingleEmailMessage>{email});
}
4.Visualforce方式:代码不是万能的,但是没有代码是万万不能的,遇到恶心的html不好解决的,可以使用visualforce方式搞定,visualforce方式不可以应用到MassEmail中。其中:
1.头标签必须为messaging:emailTemplate;
2.recipientType设置需要引用的是Contact/User/Lead中的哪种,类似email中的setTargetObjectId();
3.relatedToType设置需要引用的其他的object的field,类似email中的setWhatId();
4.使用到User/Contact/Lead字段的地方,使用{!recipient.field_name__c}来代替;
5.使用到其他的object的字段的地方,使用{!relatedTo.field_name__c}来代替;
<messaging:emailTemplate subject="Test Subject Use Visualforce Component" language="{!recipient.Languages__c}" recipientType="Contact" relatedToType="Goods__c">
<messaging:htmlEmailBody>
<style type="text/css">
p {
border: 3px;
background: #cccccc;
}
</style>
<div>
this is a visualforce component email template
</div>
<div>
<p>{!$ObjectType.Goods__c.Fields.GoodsName__c.Label} : {!relatedTo.GoodsName__c}</p>
<p>{!$ObjectType.Contact.Fields.Name.Label} : {!recipient.Name}</p>
</div>
</messaging:htmlEmailBody>
<messaging:attachment filename="ExportGoods.csv">
<apex:repeat value="{!relatedTo}" var="goods">
{!goods.GoodsName__c}
{!goods.GoodsBrand__c}
</apex:repeat>
</messaging:attachment>
</messaging:emailTemplate>
邮件的调用方式和其他的调用方式相同,但是搜索emailtemplate的subject和body会变成空。
public void sendEmailWithVisualforceComponent() {
EmailTemplate temp = [
SELECT Id, Name, Subject, HtmlValue, Body, BrandTemplateId
FROM EmailTemplate
WHERE DeveloperName = 'Test_Email_Template_With_Component'
LIMIT 1
];
//String subjectFormat = String.format(temp.Subject, new List<String>{'test subject title'});
Messaging.SingleEmailMessage email = new Messaging.SingleEmailMessage();
Contact con = [SELECT Id FROM Contact where name = 'york zhang'];
Goods__c goods = [select id from Goods__c limit 1];
email.setTargetObjectId(con.Id);
email.setSaveAsActivity(false);
email.setWhatId(goods.Id);
email.setTemplateId(temp.Id);
Messaging.sendEmail(new List<Messaging.SingleEmailMessage>{email});
}
使用email template的相关限制可参看:https://help.salesforce.com/articleView?id=merge_fields_email_templates.htm&type=0
总结:本篇主要描述SingleEmailMessaging的使用以及template的用法,篇中有描述错误的地方欢迎指出,不懂得地方欢迎留言。