上一节我们讲了如何捕获异常和记录日志,这一节我们讲,没有捕获的或者忘记捕获的异常包括404错误等,我们统一处理这个异常。
这一讲是利用 Application_Error 捕获所有异常,全局的异常处理为了减少代码,统一异常处理,Application_Error位于Global.asax里面,
protected void Application_Error(object sender, EventArgs e)
当一个异常在调用堆栈中没有被处理,也没有被框架代码处理时,我们说这个异常未处理,它将被ASP.NET捕获
它将捕获所有 Application 级别的 UnhandleException 和 HttpException(比如:访问的页面不存在等)
总之,在这里处理的话,那么在页面中的所有 try/catch 处理都可以不要了,但是我们为了记录日志,在BLL层还是要try catch
对此未处理错误的处理方法是显示一个页面,列出该未处理异常的详细情况。
我们通过 Application_Error事件把错误写进对应的文件里面或者数据库中。
/// <summary>
/// 全局的异常处理
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
protected void Application_Error(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string s = HttpContext.Current.Request.Url.ToString();
HttpServerUtility server = HttpContext.Current.Server;
if (server.GetLastError() != null)
{
Exception lastError = server.GetLastError();
// 此处进行异常记录,可以记录到数据库或文本,也可以使用其他日志记录组件。
ExceptionHander.WriteException(lastError);
Application["LastError"] = lastError;
int statusCode = HttpContext.Current.Response.StatusCode;
string exceptionOperator = "/SysException/Error";
try
{
if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(exceptionOperator))
{
exceptionOperator = new System.Web.UI.Control().ResolveUrl(exceptionOperator);
string url = string.Format("{0}?ErrorUrl={1}", exceptionOperator, server.UrlEncode(s));
string script = String.Format("<script language='javascript' type='text/javascript'>window.top.location='{0}';</script>", url);
Response.Write(script);
Response.End();
}
}
catch { }
}
}
嘿嘿,我创造了一个错误 Convert.ToInt16("dddd");下面是错误的显示页面
关于错误页面的制作在控制器SysExceptionController增加
public ActionResult Error()
{
BaseException ex = new BaseException();
return View(ex);
}
添加BaseException类
public class BaseException
{
#region 变量
private string exceptionMessage;
private string exceptionName;
private string innerExceptionMessage;
private string innerExceptionName;
private bool isShow;
private Exception outermostException;
private string sourceErrorFile;
private string sourceErrorRowID;
private string stackInfo;
private string targetSite;
#endregion
#region 属性
public string ErrorPageUrl
{
get
{
return this.GetExceptionUrl();
}
}
public Exception Exception
{
get
{
return (HttpContext.Current.Session["Exception"] as Exception);
}
private set
{
HttpContext.Current.Session["Exception"] = value;
}
}
public string ExceptionMessage
{
get
{
return this.exceptionMessage;
}
private set
{
this.exceptionMessage = value;
}
}
public string ExceptionName
{
get
{
return this.exceptionName;
}
private set
{
this.exceptionName = value;
}
}
public string InnerExceptionMessage
{
get
{
return this.innerExceptionMessage;
}
private set
{
this.innerExceptionMessage = value;
}
}
public string InnerExceptionName
{
get
{
return this.innerExceptionName;
}
private set
{
this.innerExceptionName = value;
}
}
public bool IsShowStackInfo
{
get
{
return this.isShow;
}
private set
{
this.isShow = value;
}
}
public string SourceErrorFile
{
get
{
return this.sourceErrorFile;
}
private set
{
this.sourceErrorFile = value;
}
}
public string SourceErrorRowID
{
get
{
return this.sourceErrorRowID;
}
private set
{
this.sourceErrorRowID = value;
}
}
public string StackInfo
{
get
{
return this.stackInfo;
}
private set
{
this.stackInfo = value;
}
}
public string TargetSite
{
get
{
return this.targetSite;
}
private set
{
this.targetSite = value;
}
}
#endregion
public BaseException()
{
this.outermostException = null;
this.exceptionName = null;
this.exceptionMessage = null;
this.innerExceptionName = null;
this.innerExceptionMessage = null;
this.targetSite = null;
this.stackInfo = null;
this.sourceErrorFile = null;
this.sourceErrorRowID = null;
this.isShow = false;
try
{
this.Exception = HttpContext.Current.Application["LastError"] as Exception;
if (this.Exception != null)
{
this.outermostException = this.Exception;
if ((this.Exception is HttpUnhandledException) && (this.Exception.InnerException != null))
{
this.Exception = this.Exception.InnerException;
}
this.ExceptionName = this.GetExceptionName(this.Exception);
this.ExceptionMessage = this.GetExceptionMessage(this.Exception);
if (this.Exception.InnerException != null)
{
this.InnerExceptionName = this.GetExceptionName(this.Exception.InnerException);
this.InnerExceptionMessage = this.GetExceptionMessage(this.Exception.InnerException);
}
this.TargetSite = this.GetTargetSite(this.Exception);
this.StackInfo = this.GetStackInfo(this.Exception);
if ((this.outermostException is HttpUnhandledException) && (this.outermostException.InnerException != null))
{
this.StackInfo = this.StackInfo + "\r\n<a href='#' onclick=\"if(document.getElementById('phidden').style.display=='none') document.getElementById('phidden').style.display='block'; else document.getElementById('phidden').style.display='none'; return false;\"><b>[" + this.outermostException.GetType().ToString() + "]</b></a>\r\n";
this.StackInfo = this.StackInfo + "<pre id='phidden' style='display:none;'>" + this.outermostException.StackTrace + "</pre>";
}
this.SourceErrorFile = this.GetSourceErrorFile();
this.SourceErrorRowID = this.GetSourceErrorRowID();
this.IsShowStackInfo = true;
}
HttpContext.Current.Session["LastError"] = null;
}
catch (Exception exception)
{
this.ExceptionMessage = "异常基页出错" + exception.Message;
}
}
#region 方法
private string GetExceptionMessage(Exception ex)
{
return ex.Message;
}
private string GetExceptionMessageForLog()
{
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(50);
builder.AppendFormat("<ExceptionName>{0}</ExceptionName>", this.ExceptionName);
builder.AppendFormat("<ExceptionMessage>{0}</ExceptionMessage>", this.ExceptionMessage);
builder.AppendFormat("<InnerExceptionName>{0}</InnerExceptionName>", this.InnerExceptionName);
builder.AppendFormat("<InnerExceptionMessage>{0}</InnerExceptionMessage>", this.InnerExceptionMessage);
builder.AppendFormat("<TargetSite>{0}</TargetSite>", this.TargetSite);
builder.AppendFormat("<ErrorPageUrl>{0}</ErrorPageUrl>", this.ErrorPageUrl);
builder.AppendFormat("<SourceErrorFile>{0}</SourceErrorFile>", this.SourceErrorFile);
builder.AppendFormat("<SourceErrorRowID>{0}</SourceErrorRowID>", this.SourceErrorRowID);
return builder.ToString();
}
private string GetExceptionMessageForMail()
{
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(50);
builder.Append("<ExceptionInfo>");
builder.Append(this.GetExceptionMessageForLog());
builder.AppendFormat("<StackInfo><![CDATA[{0}]]></StackInfo>", this.StackInfo);
builder.Append("</ExceptionInfo>");
return builder.ToString();
}
private string GetExceptionName(Exception ex)
{
string str = null;
if (ex != null)
{
str = ex.GetType().FullName;
}
return str;
}
private string GetExceptionUrl()
{
string str = null;
if (HttpContext.Current.Request["ErrorUrl"] != null)
{
str = HttpContext.Current.Request["ErrorUrl"].ToString();
}
return str;
}
private string GetSourceErrorFile()
{
string stackInfo = this.StackInfo;
string[] strArray = new string[0];
if (stackInfo == null)
{
return stackInfo;
}
strArray = stackInfo.Split(new string[] { "位置", "行号" }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
if (strArray.Length >= 3)
{
stackInfo = strArray[1];
if (stackInfo.LastIndexOf(":") == (stackInfo.Length - 1))
{
stackInfo = stackInfo.Substring(0, stackInfo.Length - 1);
}
return stackInfo;
}
return "";
}
private string GetSourceErrorRowID()
{
string stackInfo = this.StackInfo;
string[] strArray = new string[0];
if (stackInfo == null)
{
return stackInfo;
}
strArray = stackInfo.Split(new string[] { "行号" }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
if (strArray.Length >= 2)
{
stackInfo = strArray[1].Trim();
string[] strArray2 = stackInfo.Split(new string[] { "\r\n" }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
if (strArray2.Length >= 2)
{
stackInfo = strArray2[0];
}
return stackInfo;
}
return "";
}
private string GetStackInfo(Exception ex)
{
string str = null;
if (ex != null)
{
str = "<b>[" + ex.GetType().ToString() + "]</b>\r\n" + ex.StackTrace;
if (ex.InnerException != null)
{
str = this.GetStackInfo(ex.InnerException) + "\r\n" + str;
}
}
return str;
}
private string GetTargetSite(Exception ex)
{
string str = null;
if (ex != null)
{
ex = this.GetBenmostException(ex);
MethodBase targetSite = ex.TargetSite;
if (targetSite != null)
{
str = string.Format("{0}.{1}", targetSite.DeclaringType, targetSite.Name);
}
}
return str;
}
protected Exception GetBenmostException(Exception ex)
{
while (true)
{
if (ex.InnerException != null)
{
ex = ex.InnerException;
}
else
{
return ex;
}
}
}
#endregion
}
添加Error视图
@model App.Admin.Controllers.BaseException
@{
ViewBag.Title = "异常处理页面";
Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Index_Layout.cshtml";
}
<h2>系统错误</h2>
<div style="text-align:center;">
<table width="100%" class="blueTab" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1">
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td >
错误处理页面</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="youhaotishi" >
<td colspan="2" align="left">
欢迎您光临本网站!网站运行发生错误,请与管理员联系。错误原因可能如下:
<br />
1.非法访问页面.
<br />
2.您输入的数据错误.
<br />
3.您访问的页面不存在.
<br />
4.内容不存在,或已被删除.
<br />
5.系统忙,请稍候再试.
</td>
</tr>
<tbody id="detailInformation" style="display: none;">
<tr>
<td width="20%" class="alignRight" nowrap>
<strong>出错页面:</strong>
</td>
<td class="alignLeft">
@Html.DisplayFor(model => model.ErrorPageUrl) </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="alignRight" nowrap>
<strong>异常名称:</strong>
</td>
<td class="alignLeft">
@Html.DisplayFor(model => model.ExceptionName) </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="alignRight" nowrap>
<strong>异常信息:</strong>
</td>
<td class="alignLeft">
@Html.DisplayFor(model => model.ExceptionMessage) </td>
</tr>
<tr id="trInnerExceptionName" runat="server">
<td class="alignRight" nowrap>
<strong>内部异常名称:</strong>
</td>
<td class="alignLeft">
@Html.DisplayFor(model => model.InnerExceptionName) </td>
</tr>
<tr id="trInnerExceptionMessage" runat="server">
<td class="alignRight" nowrap>
<strong>内部异常信息:</strong>
</td>
<td class="alignLeft">
@Html.DisplayFor(model => model.InnerExceptionMessage)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="trExceptionMethod" runat="server">
<td class="alignRight" nowrap>
<strong>方法名称:</strong>
</td>
<td class="alignLeft" style="background-color: #ffffcc;">
@Html.DisplayFor(model => model.TargetSite) </td>
</tr>
<tr id="trExceptionSource" runat="server">
<td class="alignRight" nowrap>
<strong>源文件:</strong>
</td>
<td class="alignLeft" style="background-color: #ffffcc;">
@Html.DisplayFor(model => model.SourceErrorFile)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="trExceptionRowId" runat="server">
<td class="alignRight" nowrap>
<strong>行号:</strong>
</td>
<td class="alignLeft" style="background-color: #ffffcc; color: Red">
@Html.DisplayFor(model => model.SourceErrorRowID) </td>
</tr>
<tr runat="server" id="trStack" visible="false">
<td class="alignRight">
<strong>堆栈跟踪:</strong>
</td>
<td class="alignLeft" style="background-color: #ffffcc;">
<code>
<pre id="litStack"><textarea name="errormsg" cols="80" rows="30" readonly="readonly">@Html.DisplayFor(model => model.StackInfo) </textarea> </pre>
</code>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<a id="showMessage" href="#" onclick="ShowErrorMessage();return false;">显示详细信息</a>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
var isShowMessage = true;
function ShowErrorMessage() {
var obj = document.getElementById("showMessage")
var detailInformation = document.getElementById("detailInformation");
var youhaotishi = document.getElementById("youhaotishi");
if (isShowMessage) {
obj.innerText = "隐藏详细信息";
isShowMessage = false;
detailInformation.style.display = "block";
youhaotishi.style.display = "none";
}
else {
obj.innerText = "显示详细信息";
isShowMessage = true;
detailInformation.style.display = "none";
youhaotishi.style.display = "block";
}
}
</script>