前往小程序,Get更优阅读体验!
立即前往
首页
学习
活动
专区
工具
TVP
发布
社区首页 >专栏 >学习SpringMVC——你们要的REST风格的CRUD来了

学习SpringMVC——你们要的REST风格的CRUD来了

作者头像
JackieZheng
发布2018-01-16 17:31:17
1.1K0
发布2018-01-16 17:31:17
举报
文章被收录于专栏:JackieZhengJackieZheng

  来来来,让一下,客官,您要的REST清蒸CRUD来了,火候刚刚好,不油不腻,请慢用~~~

  如果说前面是准备调料,洗菜,切菜,摆盘,那么今天就来完整的上道菜,主要说的是基于REST风格实现数据的增删改查(CRUD)操作。

用料 

  entity:Employee + Department

  对于这样的实体类大家肯定很熟悉,一个Employee就是一个员工,一个Department就是一个部门,一个员工只属于一个部门,一个部门可以对应多个员工。

  Employee.java

代码语言:javascript
复制
package com.jackie.springmvc.crud.entities;

import java.util.Date;
import javax.validation.constraints.Past;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Email;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.NotEmpty;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.NumberFormat;

public class Employee {

	private Integer id;
	@NotEmpty
	private String lastName;

	@Email
	private String email;
	//1 male, 0 female
	private Integer gender;
	
	private Department department;
	
	@Past
	@DateTimeFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd")
	private Date birth;
	
	@NumberFormat(pattern="#,###,###.#")
	private Float salary;

	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getLastName() {
		return lastName;
	}

	public void setLastName(String lastName) {
		this.lastName = lastName;
	}

	public String getEmail() {
		return email;
	}

	public void setEmail(String email) {
		this.email = email;
	}

	public Integer getGender() {
		return gender;
	}

	public void setGender(Integer gender) {
		this.gender = gender;
	}

	public Department getDepartment() {
		return department;
	}

	public void setDepartment(Department department) {
		this.department = department;
	}

	public Date getBirth() {
		return birth;
	}

	public void setBirth(Date birth) {
		this.birth = birth;
	}

	public Float getSalary() {
		return salary;
	}

	public void setSalary(Float salary) {
		this.salary = salary;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Employee [id=" + id + ", lastName=" + lastName + ", email="
				+ email + ", gender=" + gender + ", department=" + department
				+ ", birth=" + birth + ", salary=" + salary + "]";
	}

	public Employee(Integer id, String lastName, String email, Integer gender,
			Department department) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
		this.lastName = lastName;
		this.email = email;
		this.gender = gender;
		this.department = department;
	}

	public Employee() {
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
}

  Department.java

代码语言:javascript
复制
package com.jackie.springmvc.crud.entities;

public class Department {

	private Integer id;
	private String departmentName;

	public Department() {
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	
	public Department(int i, String string) {
		this.id = i;
		this.departmentName = string;
	}

	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getDepartmentName() {
		return departmentName;
	}

	public void setDepartmentName(String departmentName) {
		this.departmentName = departmentName;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Department [id=" + id + ", departmentName=" + departmentName
				+ "]";
	}
	
}

  dao层:除了entity层,我们还需要有dao层,用于对于entity的增删改查的操作,这里对应的有EmployeeDao和DepartmentDao

  EmployeeDao.java

代码语言:javascript
复制
package com.jackie.springmvc.crud.dao;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.jackie.springmvc.crud.entities.Department;
import com.jackie.springmvc.crud.entities.Employee;

@Repository
public class EmployeeDao {

	private static Map<Integer, Employee> employees = null;
	
	@Autowired
	private DepartmentDao departmentDao;
	
	static{
		employees = new HashMap<Integer, Employee>();

		employees.put(1001, new Employee(1001, "E-AA", "aa@163.com", 1, new Department(101, "D-AA")));
		employees.put(1002, new Employee(1002, "E-BB", "bb@163.com", 1, new Department(102, "D-BB")));
		employees.put(1003, new Employee(1003, "E-CC", "cc@163.com", 0, new Department(103, "D-CC")));
		employees.put(1004, new Employee(1004, "E-DD", "dd@163.com", 0, new Department(104, "D-DD")));
		employees.put(1005, new Employee(1005, "E-EE", "ee@163.com", 1, new Department(105, "D-EE")));
	}
	
	private static Integer initId = 1006;
	
	public void save(Employee employee){
		if(employee.getId() == null){
			employee.setId(initId++);
		}
		
		employee.setDepartment(departmentDao.getDepartment(employee.getDepartment().getId()));
		employees.put(employee.getId(), employee);
	}
	
	public Collection<Employee> getAll(){
		return employees.values();
	}
	
	public Employee get(Integer id){
		return employees.get(id);
	}
	
	public void delete(Integer id){
		employees.remove(id);
	}
}

该dao提供了:1. 添加保存一个employee——save方法

       2. 获取所有员工信息——getAll方法

       3. 根据指定员工id查找员工——get方法

       4. 根据指定员工id删除员工——delete方法

  DepartmentDao.java

代码语言:javascript
复制
package com.jackie.springmvc.crud.dao;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.jackie.springmvc.crud.entities.Department;

@Repository
public class DepartmentDao {

	private static Map<Integer, Department> departments = null;
	
	static{
		departments = new HashMap<Integer, Department>();
		
		departments.put(101, new Department(101, "D-AA"));
		departments.put(102, new Department(102, "D-BB"));
		departments.put(103, new Department(103, "D-CC"));
		departments.put(104, new Department(104, "D-DD"));
		departments.put(105, new Department(105, "D-EE"));
	}
	
	public Collection<Department> getDepartments(){
		return departments.values();
	}
	
	public Department getDepartment(Integer id){
		return departments.get(id);
	}
	
}

  该dao提供了:1. 查找所有部门信息——getDepartments

       2. 根据指定id查找相应的部门信息——getDepartment

  另外这里需要用到的所有jar包都在这里

  http://pan.baidu.com/s/1qXT180c  提取码:z7q2

  用料齐活了, 就开始做菜了,要做的分别是REST清蒸C(添加记录)、REST油炸R(查询记录)、REST红烧U(更新记录)和REST水煮D(删除记录)。

1. 查询记录

  这个很简单,跟前几篇介绍的套路差不多,新建一个index.jsp,放入一个用于查询的超链接

代码语言:javascript
复制
<a href="emps">list all employees</a><br/>

相应的在Handler中需要添加映射支持,这里新建一个EmployeeHandler类

代码语言:javascript
复制
package com.jackie.springmvc.crud.handlers;

import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import com.jackie.springmvc.crud.dao.EmployeeDao;

@Controller
public class EmployeeHandler {
	
	@Autowired
	private EmployeeDao employeeDao;
	
	@RequestMapping("/emps")
	public String list(Map<String, Object> map){
		map.put("employees", employeeDao.getAll());
		return "list";
	}

}

注意

  这里RequestMapping中没有指明RequestMethod的请求类型,默认是GET方式。

  最终我们需要将查询的数据解析出来放到页面上,这个页面就是list.jsp

代码语言:javascript
复制
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	<c:if test="${empty requestScope.employees}">
		没有员工信息
	</c:if>
	<c:if test="${!empty requestScope.employees }">
		<table border="1" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0">
			<tr>
				<th>ID</th>
				<th>LastName</th>
				<th>Email</th>
				<th>Gender</th>
				<th>Department</th>
				<th>Edit</th>
				<th>Delete</th>
			</tr>
			
			<c:forEach items="${requestScope.employees }" var="emp">
				<tr>
					<td>${emp.id }</td>
					<td>${emp.lastName }</td>
					<td>${emp.email }</td>
					<td>${emp.gender==0?'Female':'Male' }</td>
					<td>${emp.department.departmentName }</td>
					<td><a href="emp/${emp.id}">Edit</a></td>
					<td><a class="delete" href="emp/${emp.id}">Delete</a></td>
				</tr>
			</c:forEach>
		</table>
	</c:if>
	<br><br>
</body>
</html>

  这里通过表格的方式显示,表格的每一行显示一个员工记录。

  如果Handler层没有传入employee,则显示“没有员工信息”。

  如果从Handler层传入查询到的employee的信息,则通过遍历的方式查询每条记录并显示在对应的表格中。

  结果如下:

  这里查询了所有的员工信息,为简便起见,这里的员工信息并不是从数据库中读取的,而是在EmployeeDao中通过静态模块声明构造的,将每个员工信息放入一个map集合中。

2. 添加记录

  添加记录即在原有的数据集合基础上,再新建一个员工信息,我们需要为员工的每个属性填充值,所以我们需要一个页面来为这些字段赋值,这个页面就叫input.jsp。

  添加员工信息的入口链接就放在list.jsp中

代码语言:javascript
复制
<a href = "emp">add new employee</a><br/>

  同时在EmployeeHandler中添加映射

代码语言:javascript
复制
@RequestMapping(value="/emp", method=RequestMethod.GET)
public String input(Map<String, Object> map){
	map.put("departments", departmentDao.getDepartments());
	map.put("employee", new Employee());
	return "input";
}

  input.jsp

代码语言:javascript
复制
<%@page import="java.util.HashMap"%>
<%@page import="java.util.Map"%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
 <form:form action="emp" method="POST" modelAttribute="employee">
 	<!-- path 属性对应html表单标签的name属性 -->
 	LastName: <form:input path="lastName"></form:input><br>
 	Email:<form:input path="email"></form:input><br>
 	<%
 		Map<String, String> genders = new HashMap<String, String>();
 		genders.put("1", "male");
 		genders.put("0", "female");
 		request.setAttribute("genders", genders);
 	%>
 	Gender:<form:radiobuttons path="gender" items="${genders }"/><br>
 	Department:<form:select path="department.id" items="${departments }" itemLabel="departmentName" itemValue="id"></form:select><br>
 	<input type="submit" value="Submit"/>
 </form:form>

</body>
</html>

  先不看代码,至此你就能看到这样的效果:

  到这里还没完,我们还需要写一个保存的handler接口,在EmployeeHandler.java中

代码语言:javascript
复制
@RequestMapping(value="/emp", method=RequestMethod.POST)
public String save(Employee employee){
	employeeDao.save(employee);
	return "redirect:/emps";
}

主要实现将新建的员工记录保存到employee集合中。

这样我们就能够成功的添加一条记录了

注意

  这里有几个问题需要声明

  (1). 为什么使用form标签:可以更快速开发表单页面,而且可以方便的进行表单值的回显

  (2) 为什么要在EmployeeHandler类中添加map.put("employee", employee),并且在input.jsp页面的form:form标签中添加modelAttribute="employee"

  如果没有这样的声明代码,在运行中会出现报错信息如下:

代码语言:javascript
复制
HTTP Status 500 - An exception occurred processing JSP page /WEB-INF/views/input.jsp at line 23
type Exception report
message An exception occurred processing JSP page /WEB-INF/views/input.jsp at line 23
description The server encountered an internal error that prevented it from fulfilling this request.
exception
org.apache.jasper.JasperException: An exception occurred processing JSP page /WEB-INF/views/input.jsp at line 23

20:  -->
21:  <form:form action="emp" method="POST">
22:  	<!-- path 灞炴�у搴攈tml琛ㄥ崟鏍囩鐨刵ame灞炴�� -->
23:  	LastName: <form:input path="lastName"></form:input><br>
24:  	Email:<form:input path="email"></form:input><br>
25:  	<%
26:  		Map<String, String> genders = new HashMap<String, String>();


Stacktrace:
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.handleJspException(JspServletWrapper.java:574)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.java:471)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:396)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:340)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
	org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceView.renderMergedOutputModel(InternalResourceView.java:209)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:267)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.render(DispatcherServlet.java:1221)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.processDispatchResult(DispatcherServlet.java:1005)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:952)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:870)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:961)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:852)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:622)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:837)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
	org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
	org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:77)
	org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
root cause
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Neither BindingResult nor plain target object for bean name 'command' available as request attribute
	org.springframework.web.servlet.support.BindStatus.<init>(BindStatus.java:144)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.getBindStatus(AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.java:168)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.getPropertyPath(AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.java:188)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.getName(AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.java:154)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.autogenerateId(AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.java:141)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.resolveId(AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.java:132)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.writeDefaultAttributes(AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.java:116)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractHtmlElementTag.writeDefaultAttributes(AbstractHtmlElementTag.java:422)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.InputTag.writeTagContent(InputTag.java:142)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractFormTag.doStartTagInternal(AbstractFormTag.java:84)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.RequestContextAwareTag.doStartTag(RequestContextAwareTag.java:80)
	org.apache.jsp.WEB_002dINF.views.input_jsp._jspx_meth_form_005finput_005f0(input_jsp.java:244)
	org.apache.jsp.WEB_002dINF.views.input_jsp._jspService(input_jsp.java:168)
	org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase.service(HttpJspBase.java:70)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.java:438)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:396)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:340)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
	org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceView.renderMergedOutputModel(InternalResourceView.java:209)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:267)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.render(DispatcherServlet.java:1221)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.processDispatchResult(DispatcherServlet.java:1005)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:952)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:870)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:961)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:852)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:622)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:837)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
	org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
	org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:77)
	org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
note The full stack trace of the root cause is available in the Apache Tomcat/8.0.36 logs.

  于是在handler中将employee放入map集合中,此时运行,仍然报错

代码语言:javascript
复制
HTTP Status 500 - java.lang.IllegalStateException: Neither BindingResult nor plain target object for bean name 'command' available as request attribute
type Exception report
message java.lang.IllegalStateException: Neither BindingResult nor plain target object for bean name 'command' available as request attribute
description The server encountered an internal error that prevented it from fulfilling this request.
exception
org.apache.jasper.JasperException: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Neither BindingResult nor plain target object for bean name 'command' available as request attribute
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.handleJspException(JspServletWrapper.java:555)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.java:471)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:396)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:340)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
	org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceView.renderMergedOutputModel(InternalResourceView.java:209)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:267)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.render(DispatcherServlet.java:1221)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.processDispatchResult(DispatcherServlet.java:1005)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:952)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:870)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:961)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:852)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:622)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:837)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
	org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
	org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:77)
	org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
root cause
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Neither BindingResult nor plain target object for bean name 'command' available as request attribute
	org.springframework.web.servlet.support.BindStatus.<init>(BindStatus.java:144)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.getBindStatus(AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.java:168)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.getPropertyPath(AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.java:188)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.getName(AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.java:154)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.autogenerateId(AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.java:141)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.resolveId(AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.java:132)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.writeDefaultAttributes(AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.java:116)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractHtmlElementTag.writeDefaultAttributes(AbstractHtmlElementTag.java:422)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.InputTag.writeTagContent(InputTag.java:142)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractFormTag.doStartTagInternal(AbstractFormTag.java:84)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.RequestContextAwareTag.doStartTag(RequestContextAwareTag.java:80)
	org.apache.jsp.WEB_002dINF.views.input_jsp._jspx_meth_form_005finput_005f0(input_jsp.java:244)
	org.apache.jsp.WEB_002dINF.views.input_jsp._jspService(input_jsp.java:168)
	org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase.service(HttpJspBase.java:70)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.java:438)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:396)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:340)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
	org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceView.renderMergedOutputModel(InternalResourceView.java:209)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:267)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.render(DispatcherServlet.java:1221)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.processDispatchResult(DispatcherServlet.java:1005)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:952)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:870)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:961)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:852)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:622)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:837)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
	org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
	org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:77)
	org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
note The full stack trace of the root cause is available in the Apache Tomcat/8.0.36 logs.

这时候在form:form中加入modelAttribute="employee",再次运行,就能够成功添加记录了。

  这是为什么呢,因为表单在显示的时候会做一个检查,如果表单的字段在request的bean中不能一一对应,就会无法显示并报错,说白了就是这里加上了employee这个bean后,这个对象中的各个属性如email、gender和表单上的字段都能够对应起来了,校验通过,就能正常添加保存了。

  注意input.jsp中modelAttribute的值要和handler中放进map集合的key值一致,默认在页面上这个modelAttribute的值为command,所以你会看到报错信息中频繁的出现command。

  (3). <form:radiobuttons>这个标签中有一下属性:

    items:存放具体的数据集合,可以是String、Map或List类型

    itemValue:指定radio的value值,可以使集合中bean的一个属性值

    itemLabel:radio的label值

3. 删除记录

  其实从前面的list.jsp的表格中已经看出来了,在每条记录后面都有一个DELETE选项,用于删除该项记录,那么具体怎么实现

  这里首先要该Delete项对应的href,在list.jsp中

代码语言:javascript
复制
<td><a href="emp/${emp.id}">Delete</a></td>

  我们将href的值赋值为一个请求路径,显然我们需要在handler中添加映射处理:

代码语言:javascript
复制
@RequestMapping(value="/emp/{id}", method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
public String delete(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
	employeeDao.delete(id);
	return "redirect:/emps";
}

  删除完记录后重定向到emps即list.jsp页面。

  效果如下

注意:

  (1). 这里要明白,实际上我们在页面上发送的是一个rest的delete请求,但是通过<a href>的超链接方式我们只能发送get请求,而且前面我们说过,对于form来说只能发get和post请求,如果要发delete和put,则需要伪装成post请求,再在handler处理类中进行解析处理。

  对于这个问题,我们想到了jquery,于是引入jquery库到WebContent/scripts目录下,版本是1.9.1

  首先需要一个form表单,因为无可厚非,只有表单才能提交post请求

代码语言:javascript
复制
<form action="" method="POST">
	<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="DELETE"/>
</form>

  在list.jsp中引入jquery库

代码语言:javascript
复制
<script type="text/javascript" src="scripts/jquery-1.9.1.min.js"></script>

  在delete对应的<a>中加入class=“delete”,方便后面使用jquery进行元素定位

  写入功能实现代码:

代码语言:javascript
复制
<script type="text/javascript">
	$(function(){
		$(".delete").click(function(){
			var href = $(this).attr("href");
			$("form").attr("action", href).submit();
			return false;
		});
	})
</script>

 这段代码的意思无非就是:找到delete删除元素,提取器href属性值,并将其赋给新添加的form表单中,当点击超链接后相当于提交form,并移交给定义好的hanlder接口。

  (2). 又要啰嗦下,对于静态资源来说,因为我们在web.xml中声明spring是拦截了所有请求,所以对于静态资源我们也统统招收,拦截不误,但是显然我们没有与这个静态资源对应的映射,也就是说spring拦截下来了,却没有能力处理,这里介绍在springmvc.xml中添加两个标签就能解决问题

代码语言:javascript
复制
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/> 
<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>

  在前面的章节中有介绍过其他的方法,就是在web.xml中声明各种静态资源的支持,比较繁琐傻瓜点^^

  (3). 为什么添加了这个<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>就能解决问题:

  Default-servlet-handler将在SpringMVC上下文中定义一个DefaultServletHttpRequestHandler,它会对进入DispatcherServlet的请求进行筛查,如果发现是没有经过映射的请求,就将该请求交由WEB应用服务器默认的Servlet处理。如果不是静态资源的请求,才由DispatcherServlet继续处理。

  一般WEB应用服务器默认的Servlet的名称都是default,若所使用的WEB服务器的默认Serlvet名称不是default,则需要通过default-servlet-name属性显示指定。

  这里的小问题比较多,不知道你晕了没,但是到目前为止,好像一个简易的框架就有了,有了后台的java,还有模板jsp技术,以及对于dom操作的Jquery,当然我们还少了一个真正的数据库。

4. 更新记录

  更新操作实际上是分为两步:查找要修改的记录 + 修改记录并保存

  (1). 查找记录

  通过get方式映射到emp/${id}

  与delete选项类似,在list.jsp改为

代码语言:javascript
复制
<td><a href="emp/${emp.id}">Edit</a></td>

  同时在Handler添加相应映射

代码语言:javascript
复制
@RequestMapping(value="/emp/{id}", method=RequestMethod.GET)
public String input(@PathVariable("id") Integer id, Map<String, Object> map){
	map.put("employee", employeeDao.get(id));
	map.put("departments", departmentDao.getDepartments());
	return "input";
}

  这样就可以定位到选中的employee对象上,并跳转到input.jsp界面上。

  (2). 修改并保存

  这里要说清楚,进入input.jsp页面会有两种情况,一种是添加一条Employee记录,二是修改一条Employee记录,而且我们从前面的界面可以看出我们并不修改LastName这个字段,那我们如果让input.jsp具有辨识是从添加记录那还是修改记录那跳转过来的呢,于是我们需要在input.jsp中加入判断

代码语言:javascript
复制
 <c:if test="${employee.id == null }">
		<!-- path 属性对应 html 表单标签的 name 属性值 -->
			LastName: <form:input path="lastName" />
			<form:errors path="lastName"></form:errors>
		</c:if>
		<c:if test="${employee.id != null }">
			<form:hidden path="id" />
			<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="PUT" />
</c:if>                

  如果传过来的employee中id存在,那说明是修改更新,如果为空,说明是新建一条记录。

  同时,老套路,这里还是利用隐藏域hidden来发送一个put请求到handler

  在EmployeeHandler中

代码语言:javascript
复制
@ModelAttribute
public void getEmployee(@RequestParam(value="id",required=false) Integer id,
		Map<String, Object> map){
		if(id != null){
			map.put("employee", employeeDao.get(id));
		}
}
	
@RequestMapping(value="/emp", method=RequestMethod.PUT)
public String update(Employee employee){
	employeeDao.save(employee);
	return "redirect:/emps";
}

  之所以这里有ModelAttribute前篇已经说过,如果没有话,更新完后这个LastName字段就会为空。

  最终效果如下:

至此,我们学习了:

  1. 基于REST风格查询记录

  2. 基于REST风格添加记录

  3. 基于REST风格删除记录

  4. 基于REST风格更新记录

  5. 引入JQuery改变请求方式

  6. 明白了Request中bean必须要和请求表单中的属性对应

  如果您觉得阅读本文对您有帮助,请点一下“推荐”按钮,您的“推荐”将是我最大的写作动力!如果您想持续关注我的文章,请扫描二维码,关注JackieZheng的微信公众号,我会将我的文章推送给您,并和您一起分享我日常阅读过的优质文章。

本文参与 腾讯云自媒体分享计划,分享自作者个人站点/博客。
原始发表:2016-09-04 ,如有侵权请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除

本文分享自 作者个人站点/博客 前往查看

如有侵权,请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除。

本文参与 腾讯云自媒体分享计划  ,欢迎热爱写作的你一起参与!

评论
登录后参与评论
0 条评论
热度
最新
推荐阅读
领券
问题归档专栏文章快讯文章归档关键词归档开发者手册归档开发者手册 Section 归档