实用手册：130+ 提高开发效率的 vim 常用命令

:w

Save file

:q

Exit Vim

:q!

Quit without saving

:x

Write file (if changes has been made) and exit

:sav filename

Saves file as filename

.

Repeats the last change made in normal mode

5.

Repeats 5 times the last change made in normal mode

j or Down Arrow

move the cursor down one line

e

move the cursor to the end of the word

b

move the cursor to the begining of the word

0

move the cursor to the begining of the line

G

move the cursor to the end of the file

gg

move the cursor to the begining of the file

L

move the cursor to the bottom of the screen

:59

move cursor to line 59. Replace 59 by the desired line number.

20|

move cursor to column 20.

%

Move cursor to matching parenthesis

[[

Jump to function start

[{

Jump to block start

p

Paste clipboard contents

dd

Cut current line

yy

Copy current line

y$

Copy to end of line

D

Cut to end of line

?word

Search word from bottom to top

*

Search the word under cursor

/\cstring

Search STRING or string, case insensitive

/jo[ha]n

Search john or joan

/\< the

Search the, theatre or then

/the\>

Search the or breathe

/\< the\>

Search the

/\< ¦.\>

Search all words of 4 letters

/\/

Search fred but not alfred or frederick

/fred\|joe

Search fred or joe

/\<\d\d\d\d\>

Search exactly 4 digits

/^\n\{3}

Find 3 empty lines

:bufdo /searchstr/

Search in all open files

bufdo %s/something/somethingelse/g

Search something in all the open buffers and replace it with somethingelse

:%s/onward/forward/gi

Replace onward by forward, case unsensitive

:%s/old/new/gc

Replace all occurences with confirmation

:2,35s/old/new/g

Replace all occurences between lines 2 and 35

:5,$s/old/new/g

Replace all occurences from line 5 to EOF

:%s/^/hello/g

Replace the begining of each line by hello

:%s/$/Harry/g

Replace the end of each line by Harry

:%s/onward/forward/gi

Replace onward by forward, case unsensitive

:%s/ *$//g

Delete all white spaces

:g/string/d

Delete all lines containing string

:v/string/d

Delete all lines containing which didn’t contain string

:s/Bill/Steve/

Replace the first occurence of Bill by Steve in current line

:s/Bill/Steve/g

Replace Bill by Steve in current line

:%s/Bill/Steve/g

Replace Bill by Steve in all the file

:%s/^M//g

Delete DOS carriage returns (^M)

:%s/\r/\r/g

Transform DOS carriage returns in returns

:%s#<[^>]\+>##g

Delete HTML tags but keeps text

:%s/^\(.*\)\n\1$/\1/

Delete lines which appears twice

Ctrl+a

Increment number under the cursor

Ctrl+x

Decrement number under cursor

ggVGg?

Change text to Rot13

VU

Uppercase line

g~~

Invert case

vEU

Switch word to uppercase

vE~

Modify word case

ggguG

Set all text to lowercase

gggUG

Set all text to uppercase

:set ignorecase

Ignore case in searches

:set smartcase

Ignore case in searches excepted if an uppercase letter is used

:%s/\<./\u&/g

Sets first letter of each word to uppercase

:%s/\<./\l&/g

Sets first letter of each word to lowercase

:%s/.*/\u&

Sets first letter of each line to uppercase

:%s/.*/\l&

Sets first letter of each line to lowercase

:1,10 w >> outfile

Appends lines 1 to 10 to outfile

:r infile

Insert the content of infile

:23r infile

Insert the content of infile under line 23

:Sex

Split window and open integrated file explorer

:Sex!

Same as :Sex but split window vertically

:browse e

Graphical file explorer

:ls

List buffers

:cd ..

Move to parent directory

:args

List files

:args *.php

Open file list

:grep expression *.php

Returns a list of .php files contening expression

gf

Open file name under cursor

!!pwd

Execute the pwd unix command and insert output in file

:sh

Temporary returns to Unix

$exit

Retourns to Vi

!}fmt

Align all lines at the current position

5!!fmt

Align the next 5 lines

gt

Show next tab

:tabfirst

Show first tab

:tablast

Show last tab

:tabm n(position)

Rearrange tabs

:tabdo %s/foo/bar/g

Execute a command in all tabs

:tab ball

Puts all open files in tabs

:new abc.txt

Edit abc.txt in new window

:split filename

Split the window and open filename

ctrl-w up arrow

Puts cursor in top window

ctrl-w ctrl-w

Puts cursor in next window

ctrl-w_

Maximize current window vertically

ctrl-w|

Maximize current window horizontally

ctrl-w=

Gives the same size to all windows

10 ctrl-w+

Add 10 lines to current window

:vsplit file

Split window vertically

:sview file

Same as :split in readonly mode

:hide

Close current window

:­nly

Close all windows, excepted current

:b 2

Open #2 in this window

Ctrl+x Ctrl+l

Complete line

:set dictionary=dict

Define dict as a dictionnary

Ctrl+x Ctrl+k

Complete with dictionnary

' {a-z}

Move to position {a-z}

''

Move to previous position

:set smartindent

Turn on intelligent auto-indent

:set shiftwidth=4

Defines 4 spaces as indent size

ctrl-t, ctrl-d

Indent/un-indent in insert mode

>>

Indent

<<

Un-indent

=%

Indent the code between parenthesis

1GVG=

Indent the whole file

:syntax off

Turn off syntax highlighting

:set syntax=perl

Force syntax highlighting