11.22 访问日志不记录静态文件

运维小白

发布于 2018-02-06 15:35:24

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发布于 2018-02-06 15:35:24

文章被收录于专栏：运维小白

访问日志不记录指定类型的文件目录概要

网站大多元素为静态文件，如图片、css、js等，这些元素可以不用记录
把虚拟主机配置文件改成如下：

 <VirtualHost *:80>
    DocumentRoot "/data/wwwroot/www.123.com"
    ServerName www.123.com
    ServerAlias 123.com
    SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.gif$" img
    SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.jpg$" img
    SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.png$" img
    SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.bmp$" img
    SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.swf$" img
    SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.js$" img
    SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.css$" img 
    CustomLog "logs/123.com-access_log" combined env=!img
</VirtualHost>

重新加载配置文件 -t, graceful
mkdir /data/wwwroot/www.123.com/images //创建目录，并在这目录下上传一个图片
curl -x127.0.0.1:80 -I 123.com/images/123.jpg
tail /usr/local/apache2.4/logs/123.com-access_log

访问日志不记录指定类型的文件

浏览器可以查看到页面元素，按 F12 查看页面元素内容，它默认定位在Network。如果不是在Network，就去选择下Network，然后刷新下网页，会看到如图

会看到右侧出现很多的元素，每一行都表示一个元素，这些请求，这些访问都会记录到访问日志里面去的，但实际上没有必须记录一些图片、css、js等元素，而这些请求都会记录到日志文件里，就会导致每天的日志访问量很大，对之后的运维很不方便，所以就有了需求，对于静态的元素的uri 不进行记录
排除图片、css、js等，拷贝配置文件到服务器里面

需要拷贝的配置文件

 <VirtualHost *:80>
    DocumentRoot "/data/wwwroot/www.123.com"
    ServerName www.123.com
    ServerAlias 123.com
    SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.gif$" img
    SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.jpg$" img
    SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.png$" img
    SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.bmp$" img
    SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.swf$" img
    SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.js$" img
    SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.css$" img 
    CustomLog "logs/123.com-access_log" combined env=!img
</VirtualHost>

打开虚拟主机配置文件

vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
未更改前

<VirtualHost *:80>
    DocumentRoot "/data/wwwroot/abc.com"
    ServerName abc.com
    ServerAlias www.abc.com www.123.com
    ErrorLog "logs/abc.com-error_log"
    CustomLog "logs/abc.com-access_log" common
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:80>
    DocumentRoot "/data/wwwroot/111.com"
    ServerName 111.com
    ServerAlias www.example.com  2111.com.cn
   # <Directory /data/wwwroot/111.com> 
   # <FilesMatch 123.php>
   #     AllowOverride AuthConfig
   #     AuthName "111.com user auth"
   #     AuthType Basic
   #     AuthUserFile /data/.htpasswd
   #     require valid-user
   # </FilesMatch>
    #</Directory>
   <IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
        RewriteEngine on
        RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^111.com$
        RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ http://111.com/$1 [R=301,L]
</IfModule>
    ErrorLog "logs/111.com-error_log"
    CustomLog "logs/111.com-access_log" combined
</VirtualHost>

更改后的配置文件，在 ErrorLog 下一行插入

[root@hf-01 ~]# vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

<VirtualHost *:80>
    DocumentRoot "/data/wwwroot/abc.com"
    ServerName abc.com
    ServerAlias www.abc.com www.123.com
    ErrorLog "logs/abc.com-error_log"
    CustomLog "logs/abc.com-access_log" common
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:80>
    DocumentRoot "/data/wwwroot/111.com"
    ServerName 111.com
    ServerAlias www.example.com  2111.com.cn
   # <Directory /data/wwwroot/111.com> 
   # <FilesMatch 123.php>
   #     AllowOverride AuthConfig
   #     AuthName "111.com user auth"
   #     AuthType Basic
   #     AuthUserFile /data/.htpasswd
   #     require valid-user
   # </FilesMatch>
    #</Directory>
   <IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
        RewriteEngine on
        RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^111.com$
        RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ http://111.com/$1 [R=301,L]
</IfModule>
    ErrorLog "logs/111.com-error_log"
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.gif$" img
    SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.jpg$" img
    SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.png$" img
    SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.bmp$" img
    SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.swf$" img
    SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.js$" img
    SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.css$" img
    CustomLog "logs/111.com-access_log" combined env=!img
</VirtualHost>

并保存退出

相当于定义了一个环境

img 是一个标签、一个变量，可以自定义，可以是任意字符
定义”..gif$”、”..jpg$”、”..png$”、”..bmp$”、”..swf$”、”..js$”、”.*.css$”；这些都是 img
env=!img 表示 env非 img 类型的都进行日志记录

在设置好配置文件后，先不加载配置文件，先做一个测验

[root@hf-01 ~]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 111.com/asdasdsaf.jpg -I
HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found
Date: Thu, 21 Dec 2017 15:35:14 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.29 (Unix) PHP/7.1.6
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1

[root@hf-01 ~]#

在访问这样的请求，不管是404，还是200都会记录日志

[root@hf-01 ~]# !tail
tail -5 /usr/local/apache2.4/logs/111.com-access_log
192.168.202.130 - - [21/Dec/2017:21:51:25 +0800] "HEAD http://111.com/123.php HTTP/1.1" 200 - "-" "curl/7.29.0"
192.168.202.1 - - [21/Dec/2017:21:51:32 +0800] "GET /123.php HTTP/1.1" 200 7 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/49.0.2623.221 Safari/537.36 SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0"
192.168.202.130 - - [21/Dec/2017:21:55:08 +0800] "HEAD http://111.com/123.php HTTP/1.1" 200 - "-" "curl/7.29.0"
192.168.202.1 - - [21/Dec/2017:22:04:27 +0800] "GET /123.php HTTP/1.1" 200 7 "http://ask.apelearn.com/question/17687" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/49.0.2623.221 Safari/537.36 SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0"
127.0.0.1 - - [21/Dec/2017:23:35:14 +0800] "HEAD HTTP://111.com/asdasdsaf.jpg HTTP/1.1" 404 - "-" "curl/7.29.0"
[root@hf-01 ~]#

然后在检查配置文件语法，并重新加载配置文件

[root@hf-01 ~]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -t
Syntax OK
[root@hf-01 ~]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl graceful
[root@hf-01 ~]#

这时再来curl访问，会发现日志中没有记录

[root@hf-01 ~]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 111.com/asdasdsaf.jpg -I
HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found
Date: Thu, 21 Dec 2017 15:39:35 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.29 (Unix) PHP/7.1.6
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1

[root@hf-01 ~]# tail -5 /usr/local/apache2.4/logs/111.com-access_log
192.168.202.130 - - [21/Dec/2017:21:51:25 +0800] "HEAD http://111.com/123.php HTTP/1.1" 200 - "-" "curl/7.29.0"
192.168.202.1 - - [21/Dec/2017:21:51:32 +0800] "GET /123.php HTTP/1.1" 200 7 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/49.0.2623.221 Safari/537.36 SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0"
192.168.202.130 - - [21/Dec/2017:21:55:08 +0800] "HEAD http://111.com/123.php HTTP/1.1" 200 - "-" "curl/7.29.0"
192.168.202.1 - - [21/Dec/2017:22:04:27 +0800] "GET /123.php HTTP/1.1" 200 7 "http://ask.apelearn.com/question/17687" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/49.0.2623.221 Safari/537.36 SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0"
127.0.0.1 - - [21/Dec/2017:23:35:14 +0800] "HEAD HTTP://111.com/asdasdsaf.jpg HTTP/1.1" 404 - "-" "curl/7.29.0"
[root@hf-01 ~]#

只要是gif、jpg、png、bmp、swf、js的都不会在日志中有记录

本地上传图片并访问

进入到在/data/wwwroot/111.com目录下

[root@hf-01 ~]# cd /data/wwwroot/111.com
[root@hf-01 111.com]# ls
123.php  index.php

[root@hf-01 111.com]# rz

[root@hf-01 111.com]# ls
123.php  index.php  QQ111.jpg
[root@hf-01 111.com]#

用curl命令查看图片，会发现图片是能访问的

[root@hf-01 111.com]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 111.com/QQ111.jpg -I
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Thu, 21 Dec 2017 15:50:24 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.29 (Unix) PHP/7.1.6
Last-Modified: Mon, 04 Dec 2017 03:56:48 GMT
ETag: "da7f-55f7bb520e000"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 55935
Content-Type: image/jpeg

[root@hf-01 111.com]#

在浏览器访问网页图片，会发现图片是能访问的

查看日志文件，会发现日志文件中没有记录图片的日志，这个就是因为定义了日志标签

[root@hf-01 111.com]# tail -5 /usr/local/apache2.4/logs/111.com-access_log
192.168.202.130 - - [21/Dec/2017:21:51:25 +0800] "HEAD http://111.com/123.php HTTP/1.1" 200 - "-" "curl/7.29.0"
192.168.202.1 - - [21/Dec/2017:21:51:32 +0800] "GET /123.php HTTP/1.1" 200 7 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/49.0.2623.221 Safari/537.36 SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0"
192.168.202.130 - - [21/Dec/2017:21:55:08 +0800] "HEAD http://111.com/123.php HTTP/1.1" 200 - "-" "curl/7.29.0"
192.168.202.1 - - [21/Dec/2017:22:04:27 +0800] "GET /123.php HTTP/1.1" 200 7 "http://ask.apelearn.com/question/17687" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/49.0.2623.221 Safari/537.36 SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0"
127.0.0.1 - - [21/Dec/2017:23:35:14 +0800] "HEAD HTTP://111.com/asdasdsaf.jpg HTTP/1.1" 404 - "-" "curl/7.29.0"
[root@hf-01 111.com]#

这时去掉虚拟主机配置文件中的env=!img ，在用浏览器浏览图片，在curl命令访问图片

[root@hf-01 111.com]# vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

更改后
<VirtualHost *:80>
    DocumentRoot "/data/wwwroot/abc.com"
    ServerName abc.com
    ServerAlias www.abc.com www.123.com
    ErrorLog "logs/abc.com-error_log"
    CustomLog "logs/abc.com-access_log" common
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:80>
    DocumentRoot "/data/wwwroot/111.com"
    ServerName 111.com
    ServerAlias www.example.com  2111.com.cn
   # <Directory /data/wwwroot/111.com> 
   # <FilesMatch 123.php>
   #     AllowOverride AuthConfig
   #     AuthName "111.com user auth"
   #     AuthType Basic
   #     AuthUserFile /data/.htpasswd
   #     require valid-user
   # </FilesMatch>
    #</Directory>
   <IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
        RewriteEngine on
        RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^111.com$
        RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ http://111.com/$1 [R=301,L]
</IfModule>
    ErrorLog "logs/111.com-error_log"
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.gif$" img
    SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.jpg$" img
    SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.png$" img
    SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.bmp$" img
    SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.swf$" img
    SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.js$" img
    SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.css$" img
    CustomLog "logs/111.com-access_log" combined 
</VirtualHost>

这时再来刷新浏览器访问图片，用curl访问图片

[root@hf-01 111.com]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 111.com/QQ111.jpg -I
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Thu, 21 Dec 2017 16:02:57 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.29 (Unix) PHP/7.1.6
Last-Modified: Mon, 04 Dec 2017 03:56:48 GMT
ETag: "da7f-55f7bb520e000"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 55935
Content-Type: image/jpeg

[root@hf-01 111.com]#

查看日志文件，会发现日志文件有记录存在

[root@hf-01 111.com]# tail -5 /usr/local/apache2.4/logs/111.com-access_log
192.168.202.130 - - [21/Dec/2017:21:51:25 +0800] "HEAD http://111.com/123.php HTTP/1.1" 200 - "-" "curl/7.29.0"
192.168.202.1 - - [21/Dec/2017:21:51:32 +0800] "GET /123.php HTTP/1.1" 200 7 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/49.0.2623.221 Safari/537.36 SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0"
192.168.202.130 - - [21/Dec/2017:21:55:08 +0800] "HEAD http://111.com/123.php HTTP/1.1" 200 - "-" "curl/7.29.0"
192.168.202.1 - - [21/Dec/2017:22:04:27 +0800] "GET /123.php HTTP/1.1" 200 7 "http://ask.apelearn.com/question/17687" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/49.0.2623.221 Safari/537.36 SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0"
127.0.0.1 - - [21/Dec/2017:23:35:14 +0800] "HEAD HTTP://111.com/asdasdsaf.jpg HTTP/1.1" 404 - "-" "curl/7.29.0"
[root@hf-01 111.com]#

这时在到虚拟主机配置文件中加上env=!img ，并重新加载配置文件，在刷新图片，会看到日志文件中并没有记录日志

日志文件不记录总结

若是不去做一个限制，那么每一次请求都会记录到日志文件，日志文件就会变得越来越大，这样不仅会消耗磁盘空间，还会耗费磁盘i/o，而且这些文件毫无意义，所以需要做一个限制

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11.22 访问日志不记录静态文件

11.22 访问日志不记录静态文件

访问日志不记录指定类型的文件目录概要

访问日志不记录指定类型的文件

本地上传图片并访问

日志文件不记录总结

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