Ubuntu 16.04 Install OpenCV

sudo apt-get install libopencv-dev python-opencv

# KEEP UBUNTU OR DEBIAN UP TO DATE
sudo apt-get -y update
sudo apt-get -y upgrade
sudo apt-get -y dist-upgrade
sudo apt-get -y autoremove
# install package
sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake pkg-config
sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev gfortran
# GUI (if you want to use GTK instead of Qt, replace 'qt5-default' with 'libgtkglext1-dev' and remove '-DWITH_QT=ON' option in CMake):
sudo apt-get install -y qt5-default libvtk6-dev

# Media I/O:
sudo apt-get install -y zlib1g-dev libjpeg-dev libwebp-dev libpng-dev libtiff5-dev libjasper-dev libopenexr-dev libgdal-dev

# Video I/O:
sudo apt-get install -y libdc1394-22-dev libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libtheora-dev libvorbis-dev libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev yasm libopencore-amrnb-dev libopencore-amrwb-dev libv4l-dev libxine2-dev

# Parallelism and linear algebra libraries:
sudo apt-get install -y libtbb-dev libeigen3-dev

# Python:
sudo apt-get install -y python-dev python-tk python-numpy python3-dev python3-tk python3-numpy

# Java:
sudo apt-get install -y ant default-jdk

# Documentation:
sudo apt-get install -y doxygen

wget -O opencv.zip https://github.com/opencv/opencv/archive/3.2.0.zip
wget -O opencv_contrib.zip https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/archive/3.2.0.zip
unzip opencv.zip
unzip opencv_contrib.zip

mkvirtualenv -p python3.5 cvdl
workon cvdl
pip install numpy

cd opencv-3.2.0
mkdir build
cd build
cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -DWITH_QT=ON -DWITH_OPENGL=ON -DFORCE_VTK=ON -DWITH_TBB=ON -DWITH_GDAL=ON -DWITH_XINE=ON -DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=~/.virtualenvs/cvdl/bin/python -DINSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON -DOPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=~/project/cvdl/opencv_contrib/modules -DBUILD_EXAMPLES=ON ..
# PYTHON_EXECUTABLE： python执行环境，当然也可以指定为python2.7
# OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH：opencv第三方的模块。
make -j4
sudo make install
sudo ldconfig

ls -l /usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/
#在安装完之后会有cv2.cpython-35m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so的动态链接库。
cd /usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/
sudo mv cv2.cpython-35m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so cv2.so
cd ~/.virtualenvs/cvdl/lib/python3.5/site-packages
ln -s /usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/cv2.so cv2.so

ipython
import cv2
cv2.__version__
#如果提示正常代表安装成功

rm -rf opencv opencv_contrib opencv.zip opencv_contrib.zip