自定义admin注册model的写法
crm/admin.py
class CustomerAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
#显示
list_display = ['name','source','contact_type','contact','consultant','consult_content','status','date']
#过滤
list_filter = ['source','consultant','status','date']
#搜索,consultant是外键,必须加“__字段名”
search_fields = ['contact','consultant__name']
admin.site.register(models.CustomerInfo,CustomerAdmin)
后台显示
这是后台显示的样子,如果我们想让前端也显示类似这样的页面该怎么做呢?这就需要照django自带的admin写法,自己自定义个kingadmin(模仿admin)
kingadmin
(1)创建app kingadmin
python manage.py startapp kingadmin
添加到settings的INSTALL_APPS里面
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'crm',
'kingadmin',
]
因为想让kingadmin app以后可以直接移植到其它项目中,所以在kingadmin目录下单独创建templates/kingadmin和static目录,把之前的静态文件和模板拷贝进去
(2) settings里面设置kingadmin静态文件和templates路径
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'statics'),
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'kingadmin/statics'),
)
(4)PerfectCRM/url.py添加路由分发
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^kingadmin/', include('kingadmin.urls')),
]
(5)kingamdin/urls.py
# kingadmin/urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url
from kingadmin import views
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^login/', views.acc_login,name='login'),
url(r'^logout/', views.acc_logout,name='logout'),
]
(6)kingamdin/views.py
登录界面也单独创建
# kingadmin/views.py
from django.shortcuts import render,redirect
from django.contrib.auth import authenticate,login,logout
def acc_login(request):
error_msg = ''
if request.method == 'POST':
username = request.POST.get('username',None)
password = request.POST.get('password',None)
#user是一个对象
#验证
user = authenticate(username=username,password=password)
if user:
#登录(已生成session)
login(request, user)
#如果有next值就获取next值,没有就跳转到首页
return redirect(request.GET.get('next','/kingadmin/'))
else:
error_msg = '用户名或密码错误!'
return render(request,'kingadmin/login.html',{'error_msg':error_msg})
def acc_logout(request):
logout(request)
return redirect("/login/")
(7)kingamdin/urls.py
添加登录后跳转到“app_index.html”页面
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^$', views.app_index,name='app_index'),
url(r'^login/', views.acc_login,name='login'),
url(r'^logout/', views.acc_logout,name='logout'),
]
(8)kingadmin/views.py
def app_index(request):
return render(request,'kingadmin/app_index.html')
(9)kingadmin/app_index.html
kingadmin/index.html中添加block right-content-container
king/index.html
app_index.html
{#templates/kingadmin/app_index.html#}
{% extends 'kingadmin/index.html' %}
{% block right-content-container %}
<h2 class="page-header">APPS</h2>
{% endblock %}
想让app_index.html页面像后台一样显示所有注册的app以及下面的表名
(1)kingadmin/app_setup.py
# kingadmin/app_setup.py
from django import conf
def kingadmin_auto_discover():
for app_name in conf.settings.INSTALLED_APPS:
try:
#去每个app下面执行kingadmin.py文件
mod = __import__('%s.kingadmin'%app_name)
#打印每个app已注册的model名字
print(mod.kingadmin)
except ImportError:
pass
(2)crm/kingadmin.py
# crm/kingadmin.py
from kingadmin.sites import site
from crm import models
print('crm kingadmin....')
#注册model
class CustomerAdmin(object):
list_display = ['name','source','contact_type','contact','consultant','consult_content','status','date']
list_filter = ['source','consultant','status','date']
search_fields = ['contact','consultant__name']
site.register(models.CustomerInfo,CustomerAdmin)
(3)student/kingadmin.py
创建app student
student/models.py
# student/models.py
from django.db import models
class Test(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=64)
student/kingadmin.py
# student/kingadmin.py
from student import models
from kingadmin.sites import site
print('student kingadmin.....')
#注册model
class TestAdmin(object):
list_display = ['name']
site.register(models.Test,TestAdmin)
(4)kingadmin/views.py
# kingadmin/views.py
from kingadmin import app_setup
#程序已启动就自动执行
app_setup.kingadmin_auto_discover()
说明:
程序一启动,会执行每个app下面的kingadmin.py,注册全局的字典
from django import conf
conf.settings.INSTALL_APPS
动态获取settings里面所有添加的app名字
运行程序
(5)返回全局字典
我们想要的字典格式如下:
修改sites.py
# kingadmin/sites.py
class AdminSite(object):
def __init__(self):
self.enable_admins = {}
#两个参数,一个表名,一个自定义的admin类
def register(self,model_class,admin_class=None):
'''注册admin表'''
# print('register',model_class,admin_class)
#获取app名字
app_name = model_class._meta.app_label
#获取表名
model_name = model_class._meta.model_name
if app_name not in self.enable_admins:
self.enable_admins[app_name] = {}
self.enable_admins[app_name][model_name] = admin_class
#实例化,就可以调用register方法
site = AdminSite()
kingamdin/views.py中打印看看
from kingadmin import app_setup
#程序已启动就自动执行
app_setup.kingadmin_auto_discover()
from kingadmin.sites import site
print('site',site.enable_admins)
运行程序
(6)前端页面显示
kingamdin/views.py
def app_index(request):
return render(request,'kingadmin/app_index.html',{'site':site})
kingadmin/templates/app_index.html
{#templates/kingadmin/app_index.html#}
{% extends 'kingadmin/index.html' %}
{% block right-content-container %}
<h2 class="page-header">APPS</h2>
<div>
{% for app_name,app_tables in site.enable_admins.items %}
{{ app_name }}{{ app_tables }}
{% endfor %}
</div>
{% endblock %}
把前端页面做成表格的格式,跟admin后台显示一样
bootstrap table: https://v3.bootcss.com/css/#tables
(1)kingadmin/app_index.html
{#templates/kingadmin/app_index.html#}
{% extends 'kingadmin/index.html' %}
{% block right-content-container %}
<h2 class="page-header">APPS</h2>
<div>
{% for app_name,app_tables in site.enable_admins.items %}
<table class="table table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>{{ app_name }}</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for model_name in app_tables %}
<tr>
<td><a href="{% url 'table_obj_list' app_name model_name %}">{{ model_name }}</a></td>
<td>ADD</td>
<td>Change</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
{% endfor %}
</div>
{% endblock %}
(2)crm/kingadmin.py注册三个model
#注册model
class CustomerAdmin(object):
list_display = ['name','source','contact_type','contact','consultant','consult_content','status','date']
list_filter = ['source','consultant','status','date']
search_fields = ['contact','consultant__name']
site.register(models.CustomerInfo,CustomerAdmin)
site.register(models.Role)
site.register(models.Menus)
site.register(models.UserProfile)
(3)kingadmin/url.py
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^(\w+)/(\w+)/$', views.table_obj_list,name='table_obj_list'),
]
(4)kingadmin/sites.py
class AdminSite(object):
.
.
.
def register(self,model_class,admin_class=None):
.
.
.
#获取app名字
app_name = model_class._meta.app_label
#获取表名
model_name = model_class._meta.model_name
#把model_class赋值给了admin_class,然后在视图中可以通过admin_class找到对应的model类(表名字)
admin_class.model = model_class
.
.
.
此时运行发现会报错
是因为我们在注册model的时候,有的写了自定义的model类,有的没写,而我们都统一的赋值,导致那些没写自定义model类(空的)赋值的时候就会报NoneType错误
django自带的自定义admin类的写法继承了ModelAdmin,那注册的时候为什么有的没写自定义admin类没有报错呢?
是因为继承的ModelAdmin帮我们写了(里面其实都定义为空了),我们模仿django admin的写法,也写个父类。
(5)kingadmin/admin_base.py
新建个admin_base.py,写个父类
# kingadmin/admin_base.py
class BaseKingAdmin(object):
pass
(6)crm/kingadmin.py
# crm/kingadmin.py
from kingadmin.sites import site
from crm import models
from kingadmin.admin_base import BaseKingAdmin
# print('crm kingadmin....')
#注册model
class CustomerAdmin(BaseKingAdmin):
list_display = ['name','source','contact_type','contact','consultant','consult_content','status','date']
list_filter = ['source','consultant','status','date']
search_fields = ['contact','consultant__name']
site.register(models.CustomerInfo,CustomerAdmin)
site.register(models.Role)
site.register(models.Menus)
site.register(models.UserProfile)
继承BaseKingAdmin
(7)kingadmin/sites.py
# kingadmin/sites.py
from kingadmin.admin_base import BaseKingAdmin
class AdminSite(object):
def __init__(self):
self.enable_admins = {}
#两个参数,一个表名,一个自定义的admin类
def register(self,model_class,admin_class=BaseKingAdmin):
'''注册admin表'''
# print('register',model_class,admin_class)
#获取app名字
app_name = model_class._meta.app_label
#获取表名
model_name = model_class._meta.model_name
#把model_class赋值给了admin_class,然后在视图中可以通过admin_class找到对应的model类(表名字)
admin_class.model = model_class
if app_name not in self.enable_admins:
self.enable_admins[app_name] = {}
self.enable_admins[app_name][model_name] = admin_class
#实例化,就可以调用register方法
site = AdminSite()
现在运行程序,就正常了,访问:http://127.0.0.1:8000/kingadmin/
(8)取出model里面的值
kingadmin/views.py
@login_required
def table_obj_list(request, app_name, model_name):
'''取出指定model里的数据返回给前端'''
#拿到admin_class后,通过它找到拿到model
admin_class = site.enable_admins[app_name][model_name]
querysets = admin_class.model.objects.all()
return render(request, 'kingadmin/table_obj_list.html',{'querysets':querysets})
(9)templates/kingadmin/table_obj_list.html
{#kingadmin/templates/kingadmin/table_obj_list.html#}
{% extends 'kingadmin/index.html' %}
{% block right-content-container %}
<h2 class="page-header">app</h2>
<div>
{{ querysets }}
<table class="table table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
{% endblock %}
现在拿到的是一个对象,但是有个问题就是:没注册三个model里面得到值是一样
因为没注册的三个mdoel都共享同一个BaseKingAdmin内存对象(三个model内存地址一样),我们只需要实例化就可以了(实例化后就都有单独的内存空间了)
修改kingadmin/sites.py
# kingadmin/sites.py
from kingadmin.admin_base import BaseKingAdmin
class AdminSite(object):
def __init__(self):
self.enable_admins = {}
#两个参数,一个表名,一个自定义的admin类
def register(self,model_class,admin_class=None):
'''注册admin表'''
# print('register',model_class,admin_class)
#获取app名字
app_name = model_class._meta.app_label
#获取表名
model_name = model_class._meta.model_name
#把model_class赋值给了admin_class,然后在视图中可以通过admin_class找到对应的model类(表名字)
if not admin_class:
# 实例化,如果没写注册的类,就用BaseKingAdmin
admin_class = BaseKingAdmin()
else:
#如果写了注册的类,就实例化自己
admin_class = admin_class()
admin_class.model = model_class
if app_name not in self.enable_admins:
self.enable_admins[app_name] = {}
self.enable_admins[app_name][model_name] = admin_class
#实例化,就可以调用register方法
site = AdminSite()
现在就可以取出对应model的数据了
本章节代码同步 github下载 (commit5 num3 kingadmin注册功能和model list页面开发)