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社区首页 >专栏 >原 JAVA9琐碎特性

原 JAVA9琐碎特性

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发布2018-06-13 15:26:56
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发布2018-06-13 15:26:56
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Java9相关记录

https://gitee.com/bgt0314/java-9

模块化系统运行影像

示例 System.out.println(ClassLoader.getSystemResource("java/lang/Class.class"));

  • jdk8执行结果:

jar:file:/D:/BaiduNetdiskDownload/jdk1.8.0_45/jre/lib/rt.jar!/java/lang/Class.class

  • jdk9执行结果:

jrt:/java.base/java/lang/Class.class

查看源码发现,jdk9新增了Loader类,并在其中getResource加入了模块化相关的逻辑

代码语言:javascript
复制
@Override
    public URL findResource(String name) {
        String pn = Resources.toPackageName(name);
        LoadedModule module = localPackageToModule.get(pn);

        if (module != null) {
            try {
                URL url = findResource(module.name(), name);
                if (url != null
                    && (name.endsWith(".class")
                        || url.toString().endsWith("/")
                        || isOpen(module.mref(), pn))) {
                    return url;
                }
            } catch (IOException ioe) {
                // ignore
            }

        } else {
            for (ModuleReference mref : nameToModule.values()) {
                try {
                    URL url = findResource(mref.descriptor().name(), name);
                    if (url != null) return url;
                } catch (IOException ioe) {
                    // ignore
                }
            }
        }

        return null;
    }

下划线_标识符的改变

在Java8中_是可以作为变量名使用,只不过会警告,在Java9则是错误

try-with-resources改善

  • 9之前
代码语言:javascript
复制
InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream("test.txt");
try (InputStream stream = inputStream) {} catch (IOException e) {}InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream("test.txt");
                                                                  try (InputStream stream = inputStream) {} catch (IOException e) {}
  • 9
代码语言:javascript
复制
InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream("test.txt");
try (inputStream) {} catch (IOException e) {}

接口支持private方法

示例:

代码语言:javascript
复制
public interface RickyInterface{
   public void setUp();
   private static void printInterfaceName(){
       System.out.println("RickyInterface");
   }     
   public static void displayInterfaceName(){
       printInterfaceName();
   }
}

匿名内部类的菱形操作符

  • Java7是我们可以这样使用<>
代码语言:javascript
复制
List<String> list1 = new ArrayList<String>();
List<String> list2 = new ArrayList<>();
  • java9中我们可以对匿名内部类使用
代码语言:javascript
复制
Iterator <String> iter = new Iterator <> () {
    @Override
    public boolean hasNext() {
        return false;
    }
    @Override
    public String next() {
        return null;
    }
};

Java9中的Flow(生产者消费者)

以下为官方示例

代码语言:javascript
复制
package com.ricky.flow;

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;
import java.util.concurrent.Flow.*;
import java.util.function.Consumer;

/**
 java9中新增的生产者消费者

 以下是官方示例(源码中的用法)
 *
 */
public class FlowDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        OneShotPublisher publisher=new OneShotPublisher();
        SampleSubscriber subscriber=new SampleSubscriber(10, new Consumer() {
            @Override
            public void accept(Object o) {
                if (o instanceof Boolean) {
                    boolean b= (boolean) o;
                    if (b) {
                        System.out.println("开启任务执行");
                    }
                }else {
                    System.out.println("其他非boolean情况");
                }
            }
        });

        publisher.subscribe(subscriber);
        publisher.subscribe(subscriber);//验证是否可以多次消费
        try {
            Thread.currentThread().join(10);//避免执行失败
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}

/**
 * 一次性生产者
 *
 * 消息控件-->生产者(发布者)
 */
class OneShotPublisher implements Publisher<Boolean> {
   private final ExecutorService executor = ForkJoinPool.commonPool(); // daemon-based
   private boolean subscribed; // 首次订阅后变为true  默认false   只能消费一次

    /**
     * 推送消费者
     * @param subscriber
     */
   public synchronized void subscribe(Subscriber<? super Boolean> subscriber) {
     if (subscribed)
       subscriber.onError(new IllegalStateException()); // 只能消费一次
     else {
       subscribed = true;//这里标示已经消费过了
       subscriber.onSubscribe(new OneShotSubscription(subscriber, executor));
     }
   }

    /***
     * 消息控件-->链接者
     */
   static class OneShotSubscription implements Subscription {
     private final Subscriber<? super Boolean> subscriber;
     private final ExecutorService executor;
     private Future<?> future; // to allow cancellation
     private boolean completed;
     OneShotSubscription(Subscriber<? super Boolean> subscriber,
                         ExecutorService executor) {
       this.subscriber = subscriber;
       this.executor = executor;
     }

       /**
        * 请求执行
        * @param n
        */
     public synchronized void request(long n) {
         System.out.println("请求:"+completed);
       if (n != 0 && !completed) {
         completed = true;
         if (n < 0) {
           IllegalArgumentException ex = new IllegalArgumentException();
           executor.execute(() -> subscriber.onError(ex));
         } else {
           future = executor.submit(() -> {
             subscriber.onNext(Boolean.TRUE);
             subscriber.onComplete();
           });
         }
       }
     }

       /**
        * 拒绝
        */
     public synchronized void cancel() {
       completed = true;
       if (future != null) future.cancel(false);
     }
   }
 }

/**
 * 简单消费者
 *
 * 消息控件-->消费者(接收者)
 * @param <T>
 */
class SampleSubscriber<T> implements Subscriber<T> {
   final Consumer<? super T> consumer;
   Subscription subscription;
   final long bufferSize;
   long count;
   SampleSubscriber(long bufferSize, Consumer<? super T> consumer) {
     this.bufferSize = bufferSize;
     this.consumer = consumer;
   }
   public void onSubscribe(Subscription subscription) {
     long initialRequestSize = bufferSize;
     count = bufferSize - bufferSize / 2; // re-request when half consumed
     (this.subscription = subscription).request(initialRequestSize);
   }
   public void onNext(T item) {
     if (--count <= 0)
     subscription.request(count = bufferSize - bufferSize / 2);
     consumer.accept(item);
   }
   public void onError(Throwable ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); }
   public void onComplete() {
       System.out.println("hi,ricky bai,your task complete");
   }
 }


/**
 * 自由消费者
 * @param <T>
 */
class UnboundedSubscriber<T> implements Subscriber<T> {
   public void onSubscribe(Subscription subscription) {
     subscription.request(Long.MAX_VALUE); // effectively unbounded
   }
   public void onNext(T item) { use(item); }
   public void onError(Throwable ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); }
   public void onComplete() {}
   void use(T item) {}
 }

JavaDoc

添加搜索功能,并且是html5格式。如下图所示 

Deprecated注解 改善

  • Java9之前的
代码语言:javascript
复制
package java.lang;

import java.lang.annotation.*;
import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.*;

/**
 * A program element annotated &#64;Deprecated is one that programmers
 * are discouraged from using, typically because it is dangerous,
 * or because a better alternative exists.  Compilers warn when a
 * deprecated program element is used or overridden in non-deprecated code.
 *
 * @author  Neal Gafter
 * @since 1.5
 * @jls 9.6.3.6 @Deprecated
 */
@Documented
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(value={CONSTRUCTOR, FIELD, LOCAL_VARIABLE, METHOD, PACKAGE, PARAMETER, TYPE})
public @interface Deprecated {
}
  • Java9
代码语言:javascript
复制
package java.lang;

import java.lang.annotation.*;
import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.*;

/**
 * A program element annotated {@code @Deprecated} is one that programmers
 * are discouraged from using. An element may be deprecated for any of several
 * reasons, for example, its usage is likely to lead to errors; it may
 * be changed incompatibly or removed in a future version; it has been
 * superseded by a newer, usually preferable alternative; or it is obsolete.
 *
 * <p>Compilers issue warnings when a deprecated program element is used or
 * overridden in non-deprecated code. Use of the {@code @Deprecated}
 * annotation on a local variable declaration or on a parameter declaration
 * or a package declaration has no effect on the warnings issued by a compiler.
 *
 * <p>When a module is deprecated, the use of that module in {@code
 * requires}, but not in {@code exports} or {@code opens} clauses causes
 * a warning to be issued. A module being deprecated does <em>not</em> cause
 * warnings to be issued for uses of types within the module.
 *
 * <p>This annotation type has a string-valued element {@code since}. The value
 * of this element indicates the version in which the annotated program element
 * was first deprecated.
 *
 * <p>This annotation type has a boolean-valued element {@code forRemoval}.
 * A value of {@code true} indicates intent to remove the annotated program
 * element in a future version. A value of {@code false} indicates that use of
 * the annotated program element is discouraged, but at the time the program
 * element was annotated, there was no specific intent to remove it.
 *
 * @apiNote
 * It is strongly recommended that the reason for deprecating a program element
 * be explained in the documentation, using the {@code @deprecated}
 * javadoc tag. The documentation should also suggest and link to a
 * recommended replacement API, if applicable. A replacement API often
 * has subtly different semantics, so such issues should be discussed as
 * well.
 *
 * <p>It is recommended that a {@code since} value be provided with all newly
 * annotated program elements. Note that {@code since} cannot be mandatory,
 * as there are many existing annotations that lack this element value.
 *
 * <p>There is no defined order among annotation elements. As a matter of
 * style, the {@code since} element should be placed first.
 *
 * <p>The {@code @Deprecated} annotation should always be present if
 * the {@code @deprecated} javadoc tag is present, and vice-versa.
 *
 * @author  Neal Gafter
 * @since 1.5
 * @jls 9.6.4.6 @Deprecated
 */
@Documented
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(value={CONSTRUCTOR, FIELD, LOCAL_VARIABLE, METHOD, PACKAGE, MODULE, PARAMETER, TYPE})
public @interface Deprecated {
    /**
     * Returns the version in which the annotated element became deprecated.
     * The version string is in the same format and namespace as the value of
     * the {@code @since} javadoc tag. The default value is the empty
     * string.
     *
     * @return the version string
     * @since 9
     */
    String since() default "";

    /**
     * Indicates whether the annotated element is subject to removal in a
     * future version. The default value is {@code false}.
     *
     * @return whether the element is subject to removal
     * @since 9
     */
    boolean forRemoval() default false;
}

ProcessHandle

进程相关API,通过此类可以获取JVM运行线程的相关信息, 

  • 示例
代码语言:javascript
复制
package com.ricky.processhandle;

public class ProcessHandleDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("PID:"+ProcessHandle.current().pid());
        System.out.println("info:"+ProcessHandle.current().info());
        System.out.println("子进程:"+ProcessHandle.current().children());
        System.out.println("是否存活:"+ProcessHandle.current().isAlive());
        System.out.println("父进程:"+ProcessHandle.current().parent());
        System.out.println("快照:"+ProcessHandle.current().descendants());
    }
}
  • 执行结果
代码语言:javascript
复制
PID:17540
info:[user: Optional[RICKY\baiguantao], cmd: D:\Program Files\Java\jdk-9\bin\java.exe, startTime: Optional[2017-11-23T09:28:11.459Z], totalTime: Optional[PT0.3276021S]]
子进程:java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$2@185d8b6
是否存活:true
父进程:Optional[11432]
快照:java.util.stream.IntPipeline$1@1f28c152

UTF-8 Property Files

在Java9中,编码从ISO-8859-1转为UTF-8 。

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目录
  • Java9相关记录
    • 模块化系统运行影像
      • 下划线_标识符的改变
        • try-with-resources改善
          • 接口支持private方法
            • 匿名内部类的菱形操作符
              • Java9中的Flow(生产者消费者)
                • JavaDoc
                  • Deprecated注解 改善
                    • ProcessHandle
                      • UTF-8 Property Files
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                      问题归档专栏文章快讯文章归档关键词归档开发者手册归档开发者手册 Section 归档