虽然没有POST方法使用广泛,但是PUT方法却是向服务器上传文件最有效率的方法。POST上传文件时,我们通常需要将所有的信息组合成 multipart 传送过去,然后服务器再解码这些信息,解码过程则必不可少的会消耗内存和CPU资源,这种现象在上传大文件时尤其明显。而PUT方法则允许你通过与服务器建立的socket链接传递文件的内容,而不附带其他的信息。
最近一个项目上需要利用这种方式来进行文件的上传,下面介绍一下在 Apache + PHP 的环境下如何进行PUT方式的文件上传。
Apache 有一个模块 mod_actions,先看看官方的说明:
This module has two directives. The
Action
directive lets you run CGI scripts whenever a file of a certain MIME content type is requested. TheScript
directive lets you run CGI scripts whenever a particular method is used in a request. This makes it much easier to execute scripts that process files.
也就是说,这个模块可以指定对于特定 MIME 类型的文件处理,或者对于特定脚本的请求进行指定的处理。我用到的就是 Script 这个选项。
在Apache 配置文件的 Directory 中指定
Script PUT /receive.php
这个含义就是,对于所有对服务器的PUT请求,都交给根目录下的 receive.php 去处理,当然我们也可以选择 perl 或者其他的CGI脚本来进行处理。
接下来就是这个 receive.php 脚本的编写了,他的主要任务就是将请求的文件写到指定的位置
<?php /** * Process The PUT File, receive and move a file to corresponsed location * Created by shiqiang<cocowool@gmail.com> at 2010-05-24 * **/ class Receive { var $default_log_file = "logs/error.log"; var $default_server_info = "logs/server.log"; var $default_header_info = "logs/header.log"; var $default_prefix = "/data1/vhosts"; //Default project location prefix; var $default_module = "test.cn"; var $max_filesize = 2048000; var $request_uri; function Receive(){ $this->request_uri = $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']; } function saveFile(){ //receive data and save $putdata = fopen("php://input", "r"); $path = $this->getPath($this->request_uri); $fp = fopen($path, 'w'); while($data = fread($putdata, 1024) ){ fwrite($fp, $data); } fclose($fp); fclose($putdata); //Log The filesize check and limit check if( filesize($path) != $_SERVER['CONTENT_LENGTH'] ){ $this->errorLog( "[warn] " . date("Y-m-d H:i:s") . " The file's ($path) size dosen't match Server Filesize = " . filesize($path) . "; Put Filesize = " . $_SERVER['CONTENT_LENGTH']. "\r\n" ); header('HTTP/1.1 526 Receive Data Error'); } if( filesize($path) > $this->max_filesize ){ $this->errorLog( "[warn] " . date("Y-m-d H:i:s") . " The file's ($path) size exceed the system limit"); } } //Log Error Info function errorLog( $info ){ $f = fopen($this->default_log_file, 'a+'); fwrite($f, $info); flcose($f); } function serverLog(){ $f = fopen($this->default_server_info, 'w'); $info = $_SERVER; $str = "The Last Request Server Info:\r\n"; foreach ($info as $key => $value){ $str .= "$key = $value\r\n"; } $str .= $this->getPath($this->request_uri) . "\r\n"; $str .= "PHP_UPLOADED_FILE_NAME=" . $PHP_UPLOADED_FILE_NAME . "\r\n"; fwrite($f , $str); fclose($f); } //Log the Request Header info function headerLog(){ $f = fopen($this->default_header_info, 'w'); $info = get_headers(); $str = "The Last Request header Info:\r\n"; foreach ($info as $key => $value){ $str .= "$key = $value\r\n"; } fwrite($f , $str); fclose($f); } //get the path where the file should be function getPath($uri){ $module = $this->defalt_module; //Default storage module $referer = $this->request_uri; preg_match('/(?<=\/)(.*?)(?=\/)/s', $referer, $match); if( !empty($match) && !empty($match[0]) ){ $module = $match[0]; } $path = $this->default_prefix; $path .= '/' . $module . '/htdocs'; $fullpath = substr($uri, strlen($match[0]) + 1, strlen($uri) ); $arr = explode('/', ltrim($fullpath, '/')); foreach($arr as $v){ if( !strstr($v, '.') ){ $path .= '/' . $v; //exec("echo $path >> dir.txt"); if( !is_dir($path) ){ //For php > 5.0 //mkdir($path, "0766", true); mkdir($path, 0766); } }else{ $path .= '/' . $v; } } return $path; } } $instance = new Receive(); $instance->serverLog(); //$instance->headerLog(); $instance->saveFile(); ?>
这个脚本,使用PHP手册中的接收PUT方式的方法,详细的使用,GOOGLE的时候,并没有找到很多,所以可能对于错误情况,考虑的也不是很全面,如果有使用过这个方法的欢迎和我讨论。
参考资料: 1、PUT Upload 2、RFC 2616