Springboot使用JPA操作数据库第七章使用JPA操作数据库

一个会写诗的程序员

发布于 2018-08-20 10:56:56

6890

发布于 2018-08-20 10:56:56

文章被收录于专栏：一个会写诗的程序员的博客一个会写诗的程序员的博客一个会写诗的程序员的博客

第七章使用JPA操作数据库

本章主要介绍如何在Spring Boot的Web应用中使用Mysq数据库，也充分展示Spring Boot的优势（尽可能少的代码和配置）.

数据访问层我们将使用Spring Data JPA和Hibernate(JPA的实现之一).

Maven pom.xml文件

lightsword/pom.xml

在项目中增加如下依赖文件

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>

配置文件application.properties

在src/main/resources/application.properties中设置数据源和jpa配置:

#mysql

spring.datasource.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/lightsword?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF8
spring.datasource.username = root
#root@localhost ::TZaMojg3ntd
spring.datasource.password = root
spring.datasource.driverClassName = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

spring.datasource.max-active=0
spring.datasource.max-idle=0
spring.datasource.min-idle=0
spring.datasource.max-wait=10000
spring.datasource.max-wait-millis=31536000

# Specify the DBMS
spring.jpa.database = MYSQL
# Show or not log for each sql query
spring.jpa.show-sql = true
# Hibernate ddl auto (create, create-drop, update)
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto = update
# Naming strategy
spring.jpa.hibernate.naming-strategy = org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy

# stripped before adding them to the entity manager)
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect = org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect

全部的配置都在如上的文件中了，不需要另外的XML配置和Java配置。

上文中的数据库配置，你需要换成你的数据库的地址和用户名密码。

hibernate的ddl-auto=update配置表名，数据库的表和列会自动创建（根据Java实体类,在scala中,只要在实体类上标注@Entity,成员变量上标注@BeanProperty）,这里可以看到更多得hibernate配置。

实体类

创建一个HttpApi实体类，实体和Mysql数据库的http_api表相对应(这个表字段会在应用启动的时候,自动生成)。

package com.springboot.in.action.entity

import java.util.Date
import javax.persistence.{ Entity, GeneratedValue, GenerationType, Id }
import scala.language.implicitConversions
import scala.beans.BeanProperty

@Entity
class HttpApi {
  @Id
  @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
  @BeanProperty
  var id: Integer = _

  @BeanProperty
  var httpSuiteId: Integer = _
  //用例名称
  @BeanProperty
  var name: String = _

  //用例状态: -1未执行 0失败 1成功
  @BeanProperty
  var state: Integer = _
  //接口
  @BeanProperty
  var url: String = _

  //方法GET,POST
  @BeanProperty
  var method: String = _

  //post参数json string
  @BeanProperty
  var paramJsonStr: String = _

  //期望输出
  @BeanProperty
  var expectOutput: String = _

  //实际输出
  @BeanProperty
  var actualOutput: String = _

  @BeanProperty
  var runTimes: Integer = _
  @BeanProperty
  var owner: String = _
  @BeanProperty
  var gmtCreate: Date = _
  @BeanProperty
  var gmtModify: Date = _

}

实体的数据访问层HttpApiDao

实体的数据访问层HttpApiDao非常简单，只需要继承CrudRespositroy即可，CrudRespositroy已经实现了save,delete,deleteAll,findOne和findAll. （比较神奇的时这些方法其实CrudRespositroy中其实并没有实现，并且通过对dao层的方法的命名还可以实现新的方法）.

当然,如果基本的CRUD方法满足不了我们稍微复杂一些的sql查询,我们可以直接定义sql查询语句,绑定dao层的方法.实例在如下代码中可以看到:

package com.springboot.in.action.dao

import java.util.List

import com.springboot.in.action.entity.HttpApi
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query
import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository

import scala.language.implicitConversions

trait HttpApiDao extends CrudRepository[HttpApi, Integer] {
  def findAll(): List[HttpApi] // JavaConversions

  def save(t: HttpApi): HttpApi

  def findOne(id: Integer): HttpApi

  @Query(value = "SELECT * FROM http_api where http_suite_id = ?1", nativeQuery = true)
  def listByHttpSuiteId(id: Integer): List[HttpApi]

  @Query(value = "SELECT id FROM http_api where http_suite_id = ?1", nativeQuery = true)
  def listTestCaseId(httpSuiteId: Integer): List[Integer] // 隐式转换,直接用scala的List会报错:javax.persistence.NonUniqueResultException: result returns more than one elements] with root cause

   @Query(value = "SELECT * FROM http_api where name like %?1% ", nativeQuery = true) // like '%?%'
   def findByName(name: String): List[HttpApi]

  @Query(value = "select count(*) from http_api where http_suite_id = ?1 and state = 1", nativeQuery = true)
  def countPass(httpSuiteId: Integer): Int

  @Query(value = "select count(*) from http_api where http_suite_id = ?1 and state = 0", nativeQuery = true)
  def countFail(httpSuiteId: Integer): Int

}

重点看一下

@Query注解里面的value和nativeQuery=true,意思是使用原生的sql查询语句.
sql模糊查询like语法,我们在写sql的时候是这样写的

like '%?%'

但是在@Query的value字符串中, 这样写

SELECT * FROM http_api where name like %?1%

在Springboot跟scala集成开发过程中,集合类需要使用java里面的api,直接用scala的List会报错:

javax.persistence.NonUniqueResultException: result returns more than one elements] with root cause.

可以显示声明:

import java.util.List

也可以使用隐式转换:

import scala.collection.JavaConversions._

控制器HttpApiController

新建控制器HttpApiController.scala代码

package com.springboot.in.action.controller

import java.util.Date
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON
import com.springboot.in.action.dao.{HttpApiDao, HttpReportDao, HttpSuiteDao}
import com.springboot.in.action.engine.OkHttp
import com.springboot.in.action.entity.{HttpApi, HttpReport}
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired
import org.springframework.ui.Model
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.{PathVariable, RequestMapping, RequestMethod, RequestParam, ResponseBody, RestController}
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView
import scala.collection.JavaConversions._

@RestController
@RequestMapping(Array("/httpapi"))
class HttpApiController @Autowired() (
    val HttpSuiteDao: HttpSuiteDao,
    val HttpApiDao: HttpApiDao,
    val HttpReportDao: HttpReportDao) {

  @RequestMapping(value = {
    Array("", "/")
  }, method = Array(RequestMethod.GET))
  def list(model: Model) = {
    model.addAttribute("httpapis", HttpApiDao.findAll())
    new ModelAndView("/httpapi/list")
  }

  @RequestMapping(value = {
    Array("/json")
  }, method = Array(RequestMethod.GET))
  def listJson() = HttpApiDao.findAll()

  @RequestMapping(value = {
    Array("/listHttpSuiteTestCase")
  }, method = Array(RequestMethod.GET))
  def listHttpSuiteTestCase(model: Model, @RequestParam(value = "httpSuiteId") httpSuiteId: Integer) = {
    var httpapis = HttpApiDao.listByHttpSuiteId(httpSuiteId)
    model.addAttribute("httpapis", httpapis)
    model.addAttribute("httpSuiteId", httpSuiteId)
    model.addAttribute("httpSuiteName", HttpSuiteDao.findOne(httpSuiteId).name)
    new ModelAndView("/httpapi/listHttpSuiteTestCase")
  }

  @RequestMapping(value = {
    Array("/listHttpSuiteTestCaseJson")
  },
    method = Array(RequestMethod.GET))
  @ResponseBody
  def listHttpSuiteTestCaseJson(model: Model, @RequestParam(value = "httpSuiteId") httpSuiteId: Integer) = {
    HttpApiDao.listByHttpSuiteId(httpSuiteId)
  }

  @RequestMapping(Array("/newPage/{httpSuiteId}"))
  def goNewPage(@PathVariable(value = "httpSuiteId") httpSuiteId: Integer, model: Model) = {
    model.addAttribute("httpSuiteId", httpSuiteId)
    model.addAttribute("httpSuiteName", HttpSuiteDao.findOne(httpSuiteId).name)
    new ModelAndView("/httpapi/new")
  }

  /**
   * 项目下面的用例编辑
   */
  @RequestMapping(Array("/editPage/{caseId}"))
  def goEditPage(model: Model, @PathVariable(value = "caseId") caseId: Integer, @RequestParam(value = "httpSuiteId") httpSuiteId: Integer) = {
    val httpapi = HttpApiDao.findOne(caseId)
    model.addAttribute("httpapi", httpapi)
    model.addAttribute("httpSuiteId", httpSuiteId)
    model.addAttribute("httpSuiteName", HttpSuiteDao.findOne(httpSuiteId).name)
    new ModelAndView("/httpapi/edit")
  }

  @RequestMapping(Array("/copyPage/{caseId}"))
  def goCopyPage(model: Model, @PathVariable(value = "caseId") caseId: Integer, @RequestParam(value = "httpSuiteId") httpSuiteId: Integer) = {
    val httpapi = HttpApiDao.findOne(caseId)
    model.addAttribute("httpapi", httpapi)
    model.addAttribute("httpSuiteId", httpSuiteId)
    model.addAttribute("httpSuiteName", HttpSuiteDao.findOne(httpSuiteId).name)
    new ModelAndView("/httpapi/copy")
  }

  @RequestMapping(Array("/detailPage/{id}"))
  def goDetailPage(model: Model, @PathVariable(value = "id") id: Integer) = {
    val httpapi = HttpApiDao.findOne(id)
    model.addAttribute("httpapi", httpapi)
    new ModelAndView("/httpapi/detail")
  }

  @RequestMapping(value = Array("/postnew"),
    method = Array(RequestMethod.POST))
  @ResponseBody
  def newOne(@RequestParam(value = "httpSuiteId") httpSuiteId: Integer,
    @RequestParam(value = "name") name: String,
    @RequestParam(value = "url") url: String,
    @RequestParam(value = "method") method: String,
    @RequestParam(value = "paramJsonStr") paramJsonStr: String,
    @RequestParam(value = "expectOutput") expectOutput: String,
    @RequestParam(value = "actualOutput") actualOutput: String,
    @RequestParam(value = "owner") owner: String) = {
    val httpapi = new HttpApi()
    httpapi.httpSuiteId = httpSuiteId
    httpapi.name = name
    httpapi.url = url
    httpapi.method = method
    httpapi.paramJsonStr = paramJsonStr
    httpapi.expectOutput = expectOutput
    httpapi.actualOutput = actualOutput
    httpapi.runTimes = 0
    httpapi.state = -1
    httpapi.owner = owner
    httpapi.gmtCreate = new Date()
    httpapi.gmtModify = new Date()
    HttpApiDao.save(httpapi)
  }

  @RequestMapping(value = Array("/postedit"),
    method = Array(RequestMethod.POST))
  @ResponseBody
  def editOne(@RequestParam(value = "id") id: Integer,
    @RequestParam(value = "name") name: String,
    @RequestParam(value = "url") url: String,
    @RequestParam(value = "method") method: String,
    @RequestParam(value = "paramJsonStr") paramJsonStr: String,
    @RequestParam(value = "expectOutput") expectOutput: String) = {
    val httpapi = HttpApiDao.findOne(id)
    httpapi.name = name
    httpapi.url = url
    httpapi.method = method
    httpapi.paramJsonStr = paramJsonStr
    httpapi.expectOutput = expectOutput
    httpapi.gmtModify = new Date()
    HttpApiDao.save(httpapi)
  }

  /**
   * 在新建用例页面,调试用例用
   */
  @RequestMapping(value = Array("/debugTest"),
    method = Array(RequestMethod.GET))
  @ResponseBody
  def debugTest(@RequestParam(value = "url") url: String,
    @RequestParam(value = "method") method: String,
    @RequestParam(value = "paramJsonStr") paramJsonStr: String) = {
    OkHttp.run(url, method, paramJsonStr)
  }

  /**
   * 执行用例
   */
  @RequestMapping(value = Array("/runTest"),
    method = Array(RequestMethod.GET))
  @ResponseBody
  def debugTest(@RequestParam(value = "id") id: Integer) = { runTestCase(id) }

  /**
   * 回归项目全部用例,每个用例单独起一个线程跑
   */
  @RequestMapping(value = Array("/testHttpSuite"),
    method = Array(RequestMethod.GET))
  @ResponseBody
  def testProject(@RequestParam(value = "httpSuiteId") httpSuiteId: Integer) = {
    val caseIds = HttpApiDao.listTestCaseId(httpSuiteId)

    val threads = caseIds.size
    val countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(threads)

    for (cid <- caseIds) {
      val t = new TestCaseRunner(cid, countDownLatch)
      t.start
    }
    println("回归测试开始......")
    countDownLatch.await // now waiting sub thread done.
    println("回归测试结束!")
    val HttpReport = getHttpReport(httpSuiteId)
    // 保存测试结果
    HttpReportDao.save(HttpReport)
    HttpReport
  }

  def getHttpReport(httpSuiteId: Integer) = {
    println("自动化回归测试报告:")

    val p = HttpSuiteDao.findOne(httpSuiteId)
    val httpSuiteName = p.name
    val pass = HttpApiDao.countPass(httpSuiteId)
    val fail = HttpApiDao.countFail(httpSuiteId)

    val HttpReport = new HttpReport
    HttpReport.httpSuiteId = httpSuiteId
    HttpReport.httpSuiteName = httpSuiteName
    HttpReport.pass = pass
    HttpReport.fail = fail
    HttpReport.time = new Date
    println(JSON.toJSONString(HttpReport, true))
    HttpReport
  }

  /**
   * 执行caseId这个用例
   */

  def runTestCase(id: Integer) = {
    val tc = HttpApiDao.findOne(id)
    val url = tc.url
    val method = tc.method
    val paramJsonStr = tc.paramJsonStr
    println("接口url:" + url)
    println("方法:" + method)
    println("输入参数:" + paramJsonStr)

    val result = OkHttp.run(url, method, paramJsonStr)
    //执行次数+1
    tc.runTimes = tc.runTimes + 1
    println("实际输出:" + result)
    tc.actualOutput = result
    // 结果断言
    val expectOutput = tc.expectOutput
    val contains = result.contains(expectOutput)
    tc.state = if (contains) 1 else 0
    // 执行事件
    tc.gmtModify = new Date
    HttpApiDao.save(tc)
  }

  /**
   * TestCaseRunner
   */
  class TestCaseRunner(val caseId: Integer, val countDownLatch: CountDownLatch) extends Thread {

    override def run() {
      runTestCase(caseId)
      countDownLatch.countDown
    }
  }
}

自动装配@Autowired Dao层代码,在Controller实现业务逻辑.

运行测试

启动脚本lightsword/run.sh

mvn clean scala:compile scala:run -Dlauncher=app

运行lightsword/run.sh,启动应用.

新建用例集,然后在此用例集中新建一个测试用例,如图所示:

Paste_Image.png

可以直接运行,可以看到测试结果.

也可以浏览器访问:

http://localhost:8888/httpapi/listHttpSuiteTestCaseJson?httpSuiteId=1

看到Restful接口的json返回:

[{"id":1,"httpSuiteId":1,"name":"HelloSB测试","state":1,"url":"http://localhost:8888/hello","method":"GET","paramJsonStr":"{}","expectOutput":"LightSword","actualOutput":"{\"conent\":\"Hello, LightSword! Now is: Mon Jun 27 13:23:20 CST 2016\"}","runTimes":1,"owner":"陈光剑","gmtCreate":1467004998000,"gmtModify":1467005001000}]

本文参与腾讯云自媒体分享计划，分享自作者个人站点/博客。

原始发表：2016.06.27 ，如有侵权请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除

其他

本文分享自作者个人站点/博客前往查看

如有侵权，请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除。

本文参与腾讯云自媒体分享计划，欢迎热爱写作的你一起参与！

其他

登录后参与评论

0 条评论

热度