Kotlin和Swift横向对比
kotlin面世已经有不短的时间了，从安卓宣布kotin为安卓官方开发语言开始，kotlin的热度开始猛涨，作为一个从swift1.0开始写iOS程序的开发者自然会对这两门语言做一些对比，本篇文章主要介绍两个语言的基础语法的对比。
- 变量
Kotlin | Swift |
|---|---|
var a: Int = 1 | var a: Int = 1 |
var b = 2 | var b = 2 |
val a: Int = 1 | let a: Int = 1 |
val b = 2 | let b = 2 |
var str: String? = null | var str: String? = nil |
var x = 5 x += 1 | var x = 1 x += 1 |
val a = 1 val s1 = "a is $a" val s2 = "${s1.replace("is", "was")}, but now is $a" | let a = 1 let s1 = "a is \(a)" let s2 = "\(s1.replacingCharacters(in: "is", with: "was")), but now is \(a)" |
- 方法
Kotlin
fun maxOf(a: Int, b: Int): Int {
if (a > b) {
return a
} else {
return b
}
}Swift
func maxOf(a: Int, b: Int) -> Int {
if a > b {
return a
} else {
return b
}
}- for循环
Kotlin
val items = listOf("apple", "banana", "kiwi")
for (item in items) {
println(item)
}Swift
let items = ["apple", "banana", "kiwi"]
for item in items {
print(item)
}- while循环
Kotlin
val items = listOf("apple", "banana", "kiwi")
var index = 0
while (index < items.size) {
println("item at $index is ${items[index]}")
index++
}Swift
let items = ["apple", "banana", "kiwi"]
repeat {
print("item at $index is ${items[index]}")
index++
} while index < items.count- switch循环
Kotlin
fun describe(obj: Any): String =
when (obj) {
1 -> "One"
"Hello" -> "Greeting"
is Long -> "Long"
!is String -> "Not a string"
else -> "Unknown"
}Swift
func describe(obj: Any) -> String {
switch obj {
case 1: return "One"
case "Hello": return "Greeting"
case is Int: return "Int"
case !(is String): return "Not a string"
default: return "Unknown"
}
}- Class
Kotlin
class Invoice {
}
class Person(firstName: String) {
}Swift
class Invoice {
}
class Person {
var firstName: String!
init(firstName: String) {
self.firstName = firstName
}
}- enum
Kotlin
enum class Direction {
NORTH, SOUTH, WEST, EAST
}Swift
enum Direction {
NORTH, SOUTH, WEST, EAST
}总结
从上面的一些对比可以看到，kotlin的语法和swift的语法大致相同，但也存在一些差异，总的来说这两个语言的设计思想都是差不多的。 还有一些更加深的语法本文并没有涉及，感兴趣的同学可以到kotlin官网和Swift官网了解更多。
目前这两者都支持服务端开发，也都是开源的编程语言，就看以后怎么一决高下了，我认为kotlin成也因为jvm，败也因为jvm，未来怎样就看开发者怎么去支持了。
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原始发表：2018.02.12 ，如有侵权请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除
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