Struts2 ActionWildcard（通配符配置）约定优于配置
Struts2 ActionWildcard（通配符配置）约定优于配置
新建web project：struts2_0500_actionwildcard
Build Path
项目图：
src：
StudentAction.java
TeacherAction.java
struts.xml
WebRoot:
index.jsp
Student_add.jsp
Student_delete.jsp
Student_edit.jsp
Student_find.jsp
Teacher_add.jsp
Teacher_delete.jsp
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struts.xml
代码：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts> <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" /> <package name="Student" namespace="/" extends="struts-default"> <action name="*_*" class="com.b510.hongten.{1}Action"> <result> /{1}_{2}.jsp </result> </action> <action name="Student_add" class="com.b510.hongten.StudentAction" method="add"> <result> /Student_delete.jsp </result> </action> </package> </struts>
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在这里，我们没有去添加Teacher_edit.jsp和Teacher_find.jsp,要想说明的是，如果我们要添加的时候
直接添加即可，不会因为我们又添加了新的的文件，而影响整个程序的运行。但是添加的时候
一定要遵守"约定优于配置"的原则。如：Teacher的首字母一定要大写，Teacher_edit.jsp就得一定要以
这种形式去写。不然我们还是免不了去修改配置文件；
还有一个就是，我们看到struts.xml文件中有两个action，其实这里只是为了做一个小测试二用的：
我们的程序中只用：
<action name="*_*" class="com.b510.hongten.{1}Action"> <result>/{1}_{2}.jsp</result> </action>
就足可以使我们的程序很好的运行起来，但是添加了第二个action后：
<action name="Student_add" class="com.b510.hongten.StudentAction" method="add"> <result>/Student_delete.jsp</result> </action>
这时候就会出现我们访问一个url：http://localhost:1000/struts2_0500_actionwildcard/Student_add
的时候，是去的是：Student_delete.jsp 这个页面，而不是我们的Student_add.jsp页面，这是为什么呢？
原因是：在struts2中，当我们访问的url来到的时候，服务器就会在struts.xml文件中找最接近这个url的action(如果
是同一个包中)，我们很容易发现：
"*_*"和"Student_add" 和url相比较，显然是后者要接近，所以选择了Student_delete.jsp,而非Student_add.jsp
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StudentAction.java
代码：
package com.b510.hongten;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
/** * * @author XHW * * @date 2011-7-30 * */ public class StudentAction extends ActionSupport { private static final long serialVersionUID = -5023520095036169842L;
public String add() { return SUCCESS; }
public String delete() { return SUCCESS; }
public String edit() { return SUCCESS; }
public String find() { return SUCCESS; } }
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TeacherAction.java
代码；
package com.b510.hongten;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
/** * * @author XHW * * @date 2011-7-30 * */ public class TeacherAction extends ActionSupport { private static final long serialVersionUID = -5023520095036169843L;
public String add() { return SUCCESS; }
public String delete() { return SUCCESS; }
public String edit() { return SUCCESS; }
public String find() { return SUCCESS; } }
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index.jsp
代码；
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/"; %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"> <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"> <!-- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css"> --> </head> <body> My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page<br> <a href="<%=basePath %>Student_add">增加学生</a> <a href="<%=basePath %>Student_delete">删除学生</a><br> <a href="<%=basePath %>Student_edit">编辑学生</a> <a href="<%=basePath %>Student_find">查看学生</a><br> <a href="<%=basePath %>Teacher_add">增加老师</a> <a href="<%=basePath %>Teacher_delete">删除老师</a><br> <a href="<%=basePath %>Teacher_edit">编辑老师</a> <a href="<%=basePath %>Teacher_find">查看老师</a><br> </body> </html>
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Student_add.jsp
代码：
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/"; %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title>My JSP 'Student_add.jsp' starting page</title> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"> <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"> <!-- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css"> -->
</head> <body> My JSP 'Student_add.jsp' starting page <br> <a href="<%=basePath %>index.jsp">home</a> </body> </html>
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Student_delete.jsp
代码：
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/"; %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title>My JSP 'Student_delete.jsp' starting page</title> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"> <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"> <!-- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css"> -->
</head> <body> My JSP 'Student_delete.jsp' starting page <br> <a href="<%=basePath %>index.jsp">home</a> </body> </html>
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Student_edit.jsp
代码：
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/"; %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title>My JSP 'Student_edit.jsp' starting page</title> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"> <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"> <!-- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css"> -->
</head> <body> My JSP 'Student_edit.jsp' starting page <br> <a href="<%=basePath %>index.jsp">home</a> </body> </html>
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Student_find.jsp
代码：
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/"; %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title>My JSP 'Student_find.jsp' starting page</title> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"> <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"> <!-- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css"> -->
</head> <body> My JSP 'Student_find.jsp' starting page <br> <a href="<%=basePath %>index.jsp">home</a> </body> </html>
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Teacher_add.jsp
代码：
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/"; %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title>My JSP 'Teacher_add.jsp' starting page</title> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"> <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"> <!-- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css"> -->
</head> <body> My JSP 'Teacher_add.jsp' starting page<br> <a href="<%=basePath %>index.jsp">home</a> </body> </html>
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Teacher_delete.jsp
代码；
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/"; %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title>My JSP 'Teacher_delete.jsp' starting page</title> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"> <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"> <!-- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css"> -->
</head> <body> My JSP 'Teacher_delete.jsp' starting page <br> <a href="<%=basePath %>index.jsp">home</a> </body> </html>