Java代理2 动态代理的实现原理分析

 public static Object newProxyInstance(ClassLoader loader,
                                          Class<?>[] interfaces,
                                          InvocationHandler h)
        throws IllegalArgumentException
    {
        // 检测指定的对象引用不为空（即h不为空），若为空则抛出NullPointerException异常。
        Objects.requireNonNull(h);
        
        // 拷贝代理类要实现的接口列表,之后的操作均是使用该拷贝intfs，而不会涉及原列表interfaces。
        final Class<?>[] intfs = interfaces.clone();
        
        // 获取一个安全管理器对象security，这个对象所属的目录为java.lang.SecurityManager
        final SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
        if (sm != null) {
            // 检测创建代理类需要的权限
            checkProxyAccess(Reflection.getCallerClass(), loader, intfs);
        }

        // 关键代码1：获得与传入的指定类装载器（loader）和接口列表（intfs）相关的代理类类型对象
        /*
         * Look up or generate the designated proxy class.
         */
        Class<?> cl = getProxyClass0(loader, intfs);

        //  通过反射获取构造函数对象并生成代理类cl的实例
        /*
         * Invoke its constructor with the designated invocation handler.
         */
        try {
            // 检测权限
            if (sm != null) {
                checkNewProxyPermission(Reflection.getCallerClass(), cl);
            }
            // 关键代码2：通过反射获取该代理类的构造函数
            final Constructor<?> cons = cl.getConstructor(constructorParams);
            final InvocationHandler ih = h;
            if (!Modifier.isPublic(cl.getModifiers())) {
                AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Void>() {
                    public Void run() {
                        cons.setAccessible(true);
                        return null;
                    }
                });
            }
            // 关键代码3：返回这个新的代理类的一个实例
            return cons.newInstance(new Object[]{h});
        } catch (IllegalAccessException|InstantiationException e) {
            throw new InternalError(e.toString(), e);
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            Throwable t = e.getCause();
            if (t instanceof RuntimeException) {
                throw (RuntimeException) t;
            } else {
                throw new InternalError(t.toString(), t);
            }
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
            throw new InternalError(e.toString(), e);
        }
    }

    private static void checkProxyAccess(Class<?> caller,
                                         ClassLoader loader,
                                         Class<?>... interfaces)
    {
        SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
        if (sm != null) {
            ClassLoader ccl = caller.getClassLoader();
            if (VM.isSystemDomainLoader(loader) && !VM.isSystemDomainLoader(ccl)) {
                sm.checkPermission(SecurityConstants.GET_CLASSLOADER_PERMISSION);
            }
            ReflectUtil.checkProxyPackageAccess(ccl, interfaces);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Generate a proxy class.  Must call the checkProxyAccess method
     * to perform permission checks before calling this.
     */
    private static Class<?> getProxyClass0(ClassLoader loader,
                                           Class<?>... interfaces) {
        // 校验接口数量
        if (interfaces.length > 65535) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("interface limit exceeded");
        }
        // 从缓存中获取，如果没有就通过ProxyClassFactory创建
        // If the proxy class defined by the given loader implementing
        // the given interfaces exists, this will simply return the cached copy;
        // otherwise, it will create the proxy class via the ProxyClassFactory
        return proxyClassCache.get(loader, interfaces);
    }

 public V get(K key, P parameter) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(parameter);

        expungeStaleEntries();
        // 通过类加载器classLoader生成以及一级缓存key
        Object cacheKey = CacheKey.valueOf(key, refQueue);

        // lazily install the 2nd level valuesMap for the particular cacheKey
        // 获取二级缓存，不存在则新建
        ConcurrentMap<Object, Supplier<V>> valuesMap = map.get(cacheKey);
        if (valuesMap == null) {
            ConcurrentMap<Object, Supplier<V>> oldValuesMap
                = map.putIfAbsent(cacheKey,
                                  valuesMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>());
            if (oldValuesMap != null) {
                valuesMap = oldValuesMap;
            }
        }

        // create subKey and retrieve the possible Supplier<V> stored by that
        // subKey from valuesMap
        // 生成二级缓存key
        Object subKey = Objects.requireNonNull(subKeyFactory.apply(key, parameter));
        // 通过key获取二级缓存value,即缓存的代理类。不存在则新建代理类并加入缓存。
        Supplier<V> supplier = valuesMap.get(subKey);
        Factory factory = null;

        while (true) {
            if (supplier != null) {
                // supplier might be a Factory or a CacheValue<V> instance
                V value = supplier.get();
                if (value != null) {
                    return value;
                }
            }
            // else no supplier in cache
            // or a supplier that returned null (could be a cleared CacheValue
            // or a Factory that wasn't successful in installing the CacheValue)

            // lazily construct a Factory
            if (factory == null) {
                factory = new Factory(key, parameter, subKey, valuesMap);
            }

            if (supplier == null) {
                supplier = valuesMap.putIfAbsent(subKey, factory);
                if (supplier == null) {
                    // successfully installed Factory
                    supplier = factory;
                }
                // else retry with winning supplier
            } else {
                if (valuesMap.replace(subKey, supplier, factory)) {
                    // successfully replaced
                    // cleared CacheEntry / unsuccessful Factory
                    // with our Factory
                    supplier = factory;
                } else {
                    // retry with current supplier
                    supplier = valuesMap.get(subKey);
                }
            }
        }
    }

   @Override
        public synchronized V get() { // serialize access
        
            // re-check
            Supplier<V> supplier = valuesMap.get(subKey);
            if (supplier != this) {
                // something changed while we were waiting:
                // might be that we were replaced by a CacheValue
                // or were removed because of failure ->
                // return null to signal WeakCache.get() to retry
                // the loop
                return null;
            }
            // else still us (supplier == this)

            // create new value
            V value = null;
            try {
                // 这里又通过valueFactory.apply(key, parameter)得到value进行返回
                value = Objects.requireNonNull(valueFactory.apply(key, parameter));
            } finally {
                if (value == null) { // remove us on failure
                    valuesMap.remove(subKey, this);
                }
            }
            // the only path to reach here is with non-null value
            assert value != null;

            // wrap value with CacheValue (WeakReference)
            CacheValue<V> cacheValue = new CacheValue<>(value);

            // put into reverseMap
            reverseMap.put(cacheValue, Boolean.TRUE);

            // try replacing us with CacheValue (this should always succeed)
            if (!valuesMap.replace(subKey, this, cacheValue)) {
                throw new AssertionError("Should not reach here");
            }

            // successfully replaced us with new CacheValue -> return the value
            // wrapped by it
            return value;
        }

  public Class<?> apply(ClassLoader loader, Class<?>[] interfaces) {

            Map<Class<?>, Boolean> interfaceSet = new IdentityHashMap<>(interfaces.length);
            for (Class<?> intf : interfaces) {
                // 确保该loader加载的此类（intf）
                /*
                 * Verify that the class loader resolves the name of this
                 * interface to the same Class object.
                 */
                Class<?> interfaceClass = null;
                try {
                    interfaceClass = Class.forName(intf.getName(), false, loader);
                } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
                }
                
                if (interfaceClass != intf) {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                        intf + " is not visible from class loader");
                }
                // 确保是一个接口
                /*
                 * Verify that the Class object actually represents an
                 * interface.
                 */
                if (!interfaceClass.isInterface()) {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                        interfaceClass.getName() + " is not an interface");
                }
                // 确保接口没重复  
                /*
                 * Verify that this interface is not a duplicate.
                 */
                if (interfaceSet.put(interfaceClass, Boolean.TRUE) != null) {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                        "repeated interface: " + interfaceClass.getName());
                }
            }

            String proxyPkg = null;     // package to define proxy class in
            int accessFlags = Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.FINAL;

            //  验证所有非公共的接口在同一个包内；公共的就无需处理.
            /*
             * Record the package of a non-public proxy interface so that the
             * proxy class will be defined in the same package.  Verify that
             * all non-public proxy interfaces are in the same package.
             */
            for (Class<?> intf : interfaces) {
                int flags = intf.getModifiers();
                if (!Modifier.isPublic(flags)) {
                    accessFlags = Modifier.FINAL;
                    String name = intf.getName();
                    int n = name.lastIndexOf('.');
                    String pkg = ((n == -1) ? "" : name.substring(0, n + 1));
                    if (proxyPkg == null) {
                        proxyPkg = pkg;
                    } else if (!pkg.equals(proxyPkg)) {
                        throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                            "non-public interfaces from different packages");
                    }
                }
            }

            if (proxyPkg == null) {
                // if no non-public proxy interfaces, use com.sun.proxy package
                proxyPkg = ReflectUtil.PROXY_PACKAGE + ".";
            }

            // 为代理类生成一个名字，防止重复
            /*
             * Choose a name for the proxy class to generate.
             */
            long num = nextUniqueNumber.getAndIncrement();
            String proxyName = proxyPkg + proxyClassNamePrefix + num;

            // 生成指定代理类
            /*
             * Generate the specified proxy class.
             */
            byte[] proxyClassFile = ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass(
                proxyName, interfaces, accessFlags);
            try {
                return defineClass0(loader, proxyName,
                                    proxyClassFile, 0, proxyClassFile.length);
            } catch (ClassFormatError e) {
                /*
                 * A ClassFormatError here means that (barring bugs in the
                 * proxy class generation code) there was some other
                 * invalid aspect of the arguments supplied to the proxy
                 * class creation (such as virtual machine limitations
                 * exceeded).
                 */
                throw new IllegalArgumentException(e.toString());
            }
        }

 byte[] proxyClassFile = ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass(
                proxyName, interfaces, accessFlags);

  public static byte[] generateProxyClass(final String var0, Class<?>[] var1, int var2) {
        ProxyGenerator var3 = new ProxyGenerator(var0, var1, var2);
        //动态生成代理类的字节码,非常复杂
        final byte[] var4 = var3.generateClassFile();
         //根据配置，判断class文件是否存储在本地
        if (saveGeneratedFiles) {
            AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Void>() {
                public Void run() {
                    try {
                        int var1 = var0.lastIndexOf(46);
                        Path var2;
                        if (var1 > 0) {
                            Path var3 = Paths.get(var0.substring(0, var1).replace('.', File.separatorChar));
                            Files.createDirectories(var3);
                            var2 = var3.resolve(var0.substring(var1 + 1, var0.length()) + ".class");
                        } else {
                            var2 = Paths.get(var0 + ".class");
                        }

                        Files.write(var2, var4, new OpenOption[0]);
                        return null;
                    } catch (IOException var4x) {
                        throw new InternalError("I/O exception saving generated file: " + var4x);
                    }
                }
            });
        }
        //返回代理类的字节码 
        return var4;
    }

public static void showProxyClass() {
        String path = "./$Proxy0.class";
        byte[] classFile = ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass("$Proxy0",
                Dog.class.getInterfaces());
        FileOutputStream out = null;
        try {
            out = new FileOutputStream(path);
            out.write(classFile);
            out.flush();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                out.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

public final class $Proxy0 extends Proxy implements Animal {
    private static Method m1;
    private static Method m3;
    private static Method m2;
    private static Method m4;
    private static Method m0;

    public $Proxy0(InvocationHandler var1) throws  {
        super(var1);
    }

    public final boolean equals(Object var1) throws  {
        try {
            return (Boolean)super.h.invoke(this, m1, new Object[]{var1});
        } catch (RuntimeException | Error var3) {
            throw var3;
        } catch (Throwable var4) {
            throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var4);
        }
    }

    public final void doBark() throws  {
        try {
            super.h.invoke(this, m3, (Object[])null);
        } catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
            throw var2;
        } catch (Throwable var3) {
            throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
        }
    }

    public final String toString() throws  {
        try {
            return (String)super.h.invoke(this, m2, (Object[])null);
        } catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
            throw var2;
        } catch (Throwable var3) {
            throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
        }
    }

    public final void somethingElse(String var1) throws  {
        try {
            super.h.invoke(this, m4, new Object[]{var1});
        } catch (RuntimeException | Error var3) {
            throw var3;
        } catch (Throwable var4) {
            throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var4);
        }
    }

    public final int hashCode() throws  {
        try {
            return (Integer)super.h.invoke(this, m0, (Object[])null);
        } catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
            throw var2;
        } catch (Throwable var3) {
            throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
        }
    }

    static {
        try {
            m1 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("equals", Class.forName("java.lang.Object"));
            m3 = Class.forName("Others.base.SimpleProxy.Animal").getMethod("doBark");
            m2 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("toString");
            m4 = Class.forName("Others.base.SimpleProxy.Animal").getMethod("somethingElse", Class.forName("java.lang.String"));
            m0 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("hashCode");
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException var2) {
            throw new NoSuchMethodError(var2.getMessage());
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException var3) {
            throw new NoClassDefFoundError(var3.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

//生成字节码，获取类文件
Class<?> cl = getProxyClass0(loader, intfs);
//省略
//反射，根据构造函数，生成对象，构造参数为InvocationHandler h
return cons.newInstance(new Object[]{h});

public $Proxy0(InvocationHandler var1) throws  {
    super(var1);
}

protected Proxy(InvocationHandler h) {
    Objects.requireNonNull(h);
    this.h = h;
}

    public final void doBark() throws  {
        try {
            super.h.invoke(this, m3, (Object[])null);
        } catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
            throw var2;
        } catch (Throwable var3) {
            throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
        }
    }

static {
    try {
        m1 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("equals", Class.forName("java.lang.Object"));
        m3 = Class.forName("Others.base.SimpleProxy.Animal").getMethod("doBark");
        m2 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("toString");
        m4 = Class.forName("Others.base.SimpleProxy.Animal").getMethod("somethingElse", Class.forName("java.lang.String"));
        m0 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("hashCode");
    } catch (NoSuchMethodException var2) {
        throw new NoSuchMethodError(var2.getMessage());
    } catch (ClassNotFoundException var3) {
        throw new NoClassDefFoundError(var3.getMessage());
    }
}

 m3 = Class.forName("Others.base.SimpleProxy.Animal").getMethod("doBark");

    public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
        System.out.println("*** proxy: " + proxy.getClass() + " , method: " + method + " , args: " + args);
        if (args != null){
            for (Object arg: args){
                PrintUtill.println(" " + arg);
            }
        }
         //通过反射，把proxy的代理类 转交给 实现类上
        return method.invoke(proxied, args);
    }