python项目实现配置统一管理的方法

pip install numpy 
pip install easydict
pip install yaml

import numpy as np
from easydict import EasyDict as edict
import yaml

# 创建dict
__C = edict()
cfg = __C

# 定义配置dict
__C.dev = edict()
__C.dev.name = 'dev-xingoo'
__C.dev.age = 20

__C.test = edict()
__C.test.name = 'test-xingoo'
__C.test.age = 30

# 内部方法，实现yaml配置文件到dict的合并
def _merge_a_into_b(a, b):
    """Merge config dictionary a into config dictionary b, clobbering the
    options in b whenever they are also specified in a.
    """
    if type(a) is not edict:
        return

    for k, v in a.items():
        # a must specify keys that are in b
        if k not in b:
            raise KeyError('{} is not a valid config key'.format(k))

        # the types must match, too
        old_type = type(b[k])
        if old_type is not type(v):
            if isinstance(b[k], np.ndarray):
                v = np.array(v, dtype=b[k].dtype)
            else:
                raise ValueError(('Type mismatch ({} vs. {}) '
                                'for config key: {}').format(type(b[k]),
                                                            type(v), k))

        # recursively merge dicts
        if type(v) is edict:
            try:
                _merge_a_into_b(a[k], b[k])
            except:
                print(('Error under config key: {}'.format(k)))
                raise
        else:
            b[k] = v
# 自动加载yaml文件
def cfg_from_file(filename):
    """Load a config file and merge it into the default options."""
    with open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
        yaml_cfg = edict(yaml.load(f))

    _merge_a_into_b(yaml_cfg, __C)

from config import cfg_from_file
from config import cfg

cfg_from_file('config.yml')
print(cfg.dev.name)
print(cfg.test.name)

dev:
  name: xingoo-from-yml

xingoo-from-yml
test-xingoo

class Config:
    def __init__(self):
        self.name = 'xingoo-config2'
        self.age = 100

import config2 as config2

cfg2 = config2.Config()
print(cfg2.name)
print(cfg2.age)

xingoo-config2
100