docker系列-运行nginx静态网站

nginx 是一个web服务器,需要持久运行的服务器,而且我们一般选择在后台运行.

1. 拉取nginx镜像

[root@xinsz10 ~]# docker pull hub.c.163.com/library/nginx:latest

latest: Pulling from library/nginx

5de4b4d551f8: Pull complete

d4b36a5e9443: Pull complete

0af1f0713557: Pull complete

Digest: sha256:f84932f738583e0169f94af9b2d5201be2dbacc1578de73b09a6dfaaa07801d6

Status: Downloaded newer image for hub.c.163.com/library/nginx:latest

2.查看下载下来的nginx镜像

[root@xinsz10 ~]# docker images

REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE

hello-world latest 05a3bd381fc2 4 weeks ago 1.84kB

hub.c.163.com/library/nginx latest 46102226f2fd 5 months ago 109MB

3.运行nginx

[root@xinsz10 ~]# docker run hub.c.163.com/library/nginx

4.查看是否运行

重新打开一个窗口执行命令

root@xinsz10 ~]# docker ps

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES

039303f1129e hub.c.163.com/library/nginx "nginx -g 'daemon ..." About a minute ago Up About a minute 80/tcp stoic_almeida

可以看到nginx已经启动了.

这种方式是在前台运行,停止直接用ctrl+c就可以了

在后台运行nginx的方法

使用参数-d即可

[root@xinsz10 ~]# docker run -d hub.c.163.com/library/nginx

WARNING: IPv4 forwarding is disabled. Networking will not work.

d1c2d8e307e75170428a433dbdc97fe6f817cc01097c0b32bbd72cf69b96b6c5

重新打开一个窗口查看是否运行

[root@xinsz10 ~]# docker ps

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES

d1c2d8e307e7 hub.c.163.com/library/nginx "nginx -g 'daemon ..." 55 seconds ago Up 53 seconds 80/tcp xenodochial_snyder

可以看到标红的ID号是一样的

说明容器已经运行起来了.

我们要管理nginx,进入nginx内部就可以直接使用 docker exec

查看下docker exec的使用帮助

[root@xinsz10 ~]# docker exec --help

Usage: docker exec [OPTIONS] CONTAINER COMMAND [ARG...]

Run a command in a running container

Options:

-d, --detach Detached mode: run command in the background

--detach-keys string Override the key sequence for detaching a

container

-e, --env list Set environment variables

--help Print usage

-i, --interactive Keep STDIN open even if not attached

--privileged Give extended privileges to the command

-t, --tty Allocate a pseudo-TTY

-u, --user string Username or UID (format: <name|uid>[:<group|gid>])

我们比较常用的参数是 -i 和 -t

[root@xinsz10 ~]# docker exec -it d1 bash #注: d1是刚刚nginx的ID号,我取了前两位.

root@d1c2d8e307e7:/#

这样就进入了一个docker nginx终端,相当于一个shell终端

在这里就和shell一样了,Linux命令都有.

root@d1c2d8e307e7:/# pwd

/

root@d1c2d8e307e7:/# ls

bin dev home lib32 libx32 mnt proc run srv tmp var

boot etc lib lib64 media opt root sbin sys usr

root@d1c2d8e307e7:/# which nginx

/usr/sbin/nginx

退出容器:

root@d1c2d8e307e7:/# exit

exit