使用Boost的Serialization库序列化STL标准容器
使用Boost做对象序列化是非常方便的，本文将介绍一种序列化STL标准容器的方法。
这是之前设计的异步框架的一个子功能：过程A将标准容器数据序列化成二进制流，然后将该二进制数据发送到过程B，过程B将数据反序列化为标准容器。（转载请指明出于breaksoftware的csdn博客）
下面这个基类支持vector、set、unordered set、multiset、unordered multiset、map、unordered map、multimap和unordered multimap。
/*************************************************************************
> File Name: serialization.h
> Author: fangliang
> Mail: fangliang1988@gmail.com
> Created Time: Fri 23 Mar 2018 03:11:14 PM CST
************************************************************************/
#ifndef STLSERIALIZATION_SERIALIZATION_H
#define STLSERIALIZATION_SERIALIZATION_H
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
#include <boost/archive/binary_oarchive.hpp>
#include <boost/archive/binary_iarchive.hpp>
namespace stl_serialization {
template<class T>
class Serialization : public T {
public:
void serialization(std::ostringstream& ostream) {
boost::archive::binary_oarchive oa(ostream);
oa << *this;
}
void unserialization(std::istringstream& istream) {
boost::archive::binary_iarchive ia(istream);
ia >> *this;
}
private:
friend class boost::serialization::access;
template<class Archive>
void serialize(Archive& ar, const unsigned int version) {
ar & boost::serialization::base_object<T>(*this);
}
};
}
#endif // STLSERIALIZATION_SERIALIZATION_H可被序列化的标准容器只要继承该基类即可。以map为例
/*************************************************************************
> File Name: map_serialization.h
> Author: fangliang
> Mail: fangliang1988@gmail.com
> Created Time: Thu 22 Mar 2018 11:09:11 PM CST
************************************************************************/
#ifndef STLSERIALIZATION_MAP_SERIALIZATION_H
#define STLSERIALIZATION_MAP_SERIALIZATION_H
#include <map>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
#include <boost/serialization/map.hpp>
#include <boost/archive/binary_oarchive.hpp>
#include <boost/archive/binary_iarchive.hpp>
#include "serialization.h"
namespace stl_serialization {
template<class T, class T1>
class MapSerialization : public Serialization<std::map<T, T1> > {
};
}
#endif // STLSERIALIZATION_MAP_SERIALIZATION_H使用一个单元测试来测试这段代码
/*************************************************************************
> File Name: ut_map_serialization.cpp
> Author: fangliang
> Mail: fangliang1988@gmail.com
> Created Time: Thu 22 Mar 2018 11:11:46 PM CST
************************************************************************/
#include "gtest/gtest.h"
#include "./src/stl_serialization/map_serialization.h"
using stl_serialization::MapSerialization;
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
}
namespace unit_test {
class UtMapSerialization :
public ::testing::Test
{
protected:
virtual void SetUp() {
MapSerialization<int, std::string> ms_src;
for (int i = 0; i < _size; i++) {
ms_src[i] = " ";
}
ms_src.serialization(_ost);
}
virtual void TearDown() {}
protected:
int _size = 10000;
std::ostringstream _ost;
};
TEST_F(UtMapSerialization, SizeEq) {
MapSerialization<int, std::string> ms_des;
std::istringstream ist(_ost.str());
ms_des.unserialization(ist);
ASSERT_EQ(_size, ms_des.size());
}
TEST_F(UtMapSerialization, ElemEq) {
MapSerialization<int, std::string> ms_des;
std::istringstream ist(_ost.str());
ms_des.unserialization(ist);
int i = 0;
for (std::map<int, std::string>::iterator it = ms_des.begin(); it != ms_des.end(); it++) {
ASSERT_EQ(it->first, i++);
}
}
}如果STL的容器中存放在的是一个非标准类型，比如一个用户自定义类型，则需要让该类型实现serialize方法。以vector为例
/*************************************************************************
> File Name: vector_serialization.h
> Author: fangliang
> Mail: fangliang1988@gmail.com
> Created Time: Thu 22 Mar 2018 03:41:16 PM CST
************************************************************************/
#ifndef STLSERIALIZATION_VECTOR_SERIALIZATION_H
#define STLSERIALIZATION_VECTOR_SERIALIZATION_H
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
#include <boost/serialization/vector.hpp>
#include <boost/archive/binary_oarchive.hpp>
#include <boost/archive/binary_iarchive.hpp>
#include "serialization.h"
namespace stl_serialization {
template<class T>
class VectorSerialization : public Serialization<std::vector<T> > {
};
}
#endif // STLSERIALIZATION_VECTOR_SERIALIZATION_H下面代码中，由于TestData是容器承载的类型，所以它需要增加24~33行代码用于容器内对象序列化。
/*************************************************************************
> File Name: ut_vecotr_serialization.cpp
> Author: fangliang
> Mail: fangliang1988@gmail.com
> Created Time: Wed 21 Mar 2018 02:34:18 PM CST
************************************************************************/
#include "gtest/gtest.h"
#include "./src/stl_serialization/vector_serialization.h"
using stl_serialization::VectorSerialization;
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
}
namespace unit_test {
struct TestData {
int interger;
double db;
float fl;
std::string str;
private:
friend class boost::serialization::access;
template<class Archive>
void serialize(Archive& ar, const unsigned int version) {
ar & interger;
ar & db;
ar & fl;
ar & str;
}
};
class UtVectorSerialization :
public ::testing::Test
{
protected:
virtual void SetUp() {
VectorSerialization<int> vs_src;
for (int i = 0; i < _size; i++) {
TestData item;
item.interger = i;
item.db = i;
item.fl = i;
item.str = std::to_string(i);
vs_src.push_back(item);
}
vs_src.serialization(_ost);
}
virtual void TearDown() {}
protected:
int _size = 10000;
std::ostringstream _ost;
};
TEST_F(UtVectorSerialization, SizeEq) {
VectorSerialization<int> vs_des;
std::istringstream ist(_ost.str());
vs_des.unserialization(ist);
ASSERT_EQ(_size, vs_des.size());
}
TEST_F(UtVectorSerialization, ElemEq) {
VectorSerialization<int> vs_des;
std::istringstream ist(_ost.str());
vs_des.unserialization(ist);
for (int i = 0; i < _size; i++) {
const TestData& item = vs_des.at(i);
ASSERT_EQ(item.interger, i);
ASSERT_DOUBLE_EQ(item.db, i);
ASSERT_FLOAT_EQ(item.db, i);
std::string str = std::to_string(i);
ASSERT_STREQ(item.str.c_str(), str.c_str());
}
}
}最后我们看下包含10000个对象的容器反序列化耗时，总体来说效率还是不错的。
最后说下，unordered set、unordered multiset、unordered map和unordered multimap等不保证序列化前后容器中元素顺序一致。
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原始发表：2018年06月22日，如有侵权请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除
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