Fiona简介及Shapefile数据读取

{'type': 'Feature', 'id': '0', 'geometry': {'type': 'Polygon', 'coordinates': [[(96.416, 42.7588), (96.416, 42.7148), (95.9766, 42.4951), (96.0645, 42.3193), (96.2402, 42.2314), (95.9766, 41.9238), (95.2734, 41.6162), (95.1855, 41.792), (94.5703, 41.4844), (94.043, 41.0889), (93.8672, 40.6934), (93.0762, 40.6494), (92.6367, 39.6387), (92.373, 39.3311), (92.373, 39.1113), (92.373, 39.0234), (90.1758, 38.4961), (90.3516, 38.2324), (90.6152, 38.3203), (90.5273, 37.8369), (91.0547, 37.4414), (91.3184, 37.0898), (90.7031, 36.7822), (90.791, 36.6064), (91.0547, 36.5186), (91.0547, 36.0791), (90.8789, 36.0352), (90.0, 36.2549), (89.9121, 36.0791), (89.7363, 36.0791), (89.209, 36.2988), (88.7695, 36.3428), (88.5938, 36.4746), (87.3633, 36.4307), (86.2207, 36.167), (86.1328, 35.8594), (85.6055, 35.6836), (85.0781, 35.7275), (84.1992, 35.376), (83.1445, 35.4199), (82.8809, 35.6836), (82.4414, 35.7275), (82.002, 35.332), (81.6504, 35.2441), (80.4199, 35.4199), (80.2441, 35.2881), (80.332, 35.1563), (80.2441, 35.2002), (79.8926, 34.8047), (79.8047, 34.4971), (79.1016, 34.4531), (79.0137, 34.3213), (78.2227, 34.7168), (78.0469, 35.2441), (78.0469, 35.5078), (77.4316, 35.4639), (76.8164, 35.6396), (76.5527, 35.8594), (76.2012, 35.8154), (75.9375, 36.0352), (76.0254, 36.4746), (75.8496, 36.6943), (75.498, 36.7383), (75.4102, 36.958), (75.0586, 37.002), (74.8828, 36.9141), (74.7949, 37.0459), (74.5313, 37.0898), (74.5313, 37.2217), (74.8828, 37.2217), (75.1465, 37.4414), (74.8828, 37.5732), (74.9707, 37.749), (74.8828, 38.4521), (74.3555, 38.6719), (74.1797, 38.6719), (74.0918, 38.54), (73.8281, 38.584), (73.7402, 38.8477), (73.8281, 38.9795), (73.4766, 39.375), (73.916, 39.5068), (73.916, 39.6826), (73.8281, 39.7705), (74.0039, 40.0342), (74.8828, 40.3418), (74.7949, 40.5176), (75.2344, 40.4297), (75.5859, 40.6494), (75.7617, 40.2979), (76.377, 40.3857), (76.9043, 41.001), (77.6074, 41.001), (78.1348, 41.2207), (78.1348, 41.3965), (80.1563, 42.0557), (80.2441, 42.2754), (80.1563, 42.627), (80.2441, 42.8467), (80.5078, 42.8906), (80.4199, 43.0664), (80.7715, 43.1982), (80.4199, 44.165), (80.4199, 44.6045), (79.9805, 44.8242), (79.9805, 44.9561), (81.7383, 45.3955), (82.0898, 45.2197), (82.5293, 45.2197), (82.2656, 45.6592), (83.0566, 47.2412), (83.6719, 47.0215), (84.7266, 47.0215), (84.9023, 46.8896), (85.5176, 47.0654), (85.6934, 47.2852), (85.5176, 48.1201), (85.7813, 48.4277), (86.5723, 48.5596), (86.8359, 48.8232), (86.748, 48.9551), (86.8359, 49.1309), (87.8027, 49.1748), (87.8906, 48.999), (87.7148, 48.9111), (88.0664, 48.7354), (87.9785, 48.6035), (88.5059, 48.3838), (88.6816, 48.1641), (89.1211, 47.9883), (89.5605, 48.0322), (89.7363, 47.8564), (90.0879, 47.8564), (90.3516, 47.6807), (90.5273, 47.2412), (90.8789, 46.9775), (91.0547, 46.582), (90.8789, 46.3184), (91.0547, 46.0107), (90.7031, 45.7471), (90.7031, 45.5273), (90.8789, 45.2197), (91.582, 45.0879), (93.5156, 44.9561), (94.7461, 44.3408), (95.3613, 44.2969), (95.3613, 44.0332), (95.5371, 43.9014), (95.8887, 43.2422), (96.3281, 42.9346), (96.416, 42.7588)]]}, 'properties': OrderedDict([('Name', '新疆维吾尔自治区'), ('CenterX', 84.9023), ('CenterY', 42.148)])}

import fiona

with fiona.open('China.shp', encoding='utf-8') as c:
    # 输出数据的基本信息
    print(f'数据范围：{c.bounds}')
    print(f'投影定义：{c.crs}')
    print(f'数据格式：{c.driver}')
    print(f'数据编码：{c.encoding}')
    # 输出文件的属性字段信息
    fields = c.schema['properties']
    print('文件的属性字段信息：')
    for k, v in fields.items():
        print(f'{k} -> {v}')
    # 遍历集合中的要素
    # f是一个tuple，第一个元素是要素编号，第二个是dict格式的要素
    for f in c.items():
        # 输入要素的详细信息
        # 要素是以GeoJSON表示的
        print(f[1]['properties']['Name'])

数据范围：(73.4766, 18.1055, 135.0879, 53.5693)
投影定义：{'init': 'epsg:4326'}
数据格式：ESRI Shapefile
数据编码：utf-8
文件的属性字段信息：
Name -> str:24
CenterX -> float:24.15
CenterY -> float:24.15
新疆维吾尔自治区
西藏自治区
内蒙古自治区
青海省
四川省
黑龙江省
甘肃省
云南省
广西壮族自治区
湖南省
陕西省
广东省
吉林省
河北省
湖北省
贵州省
山东省
江西省
河南省
辽宁省
山西省
安徽省
福建省
浙江省
江苏省
重庆市
宁夏回族自治区
海南省
中国台湾省
北京市
天津市
上海市
中国香港特别行政区
中国澳门特别行政区