以eth0为例
1. 以DHCP方式配置网卡
编辑文件: /etc/network/interfaces:
sudo vi /etc/network/interfaces
并用下面的行来替换有关eth0的行:
# The primary network interface, # use DHCP to find our address auto eth0 iface eth0 inet dhcp
用下面的命令使网络设置生效:
sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart
当然,也可以在命令行下直接输入下面的命令来获取地址
sudo dhclient eth0
2. 为网卡配置静态IP地址
编辑文件: /etc/network/interfaces:
sudo vi /etc/network/interfaces
并用下面的行来替换有关eth0的行:
# The primary network interface, # use Static to find our address auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.1.98 gateway 192.168.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 network 192.168.1.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255
用下面的命令使网络设置生效:
sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart
注: 生效后,需要配置DNS后才可上网(步骤5)
3. 设定第二个IP地址(虚拟IP地址)
编辑文件/etc/network/interfaces:
sudo vi /etc/network/interfaces
在该文件中添加如下的行:
auto eth0:1 iface eth0:1 inet static address 192.168.1.60 netmask 255.255.255.0 network x.x.x.x broadcast x.x.x.x gateway x.x.x.x
根据你的情况填上所有诸如address,netmask,network,broadcast和gateways等信息.
用下面的命令使网络设置生效:
sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart
4. 设置主机名称(hostname)
使用下面的命令来查看当前主机的主机名称:
sudo /bin/hostname
使用下面的命令来设置当前主机的主机名称:
sudo /bin/hostname newname
系统启动时,它会从/etc/hostname来读取主机的名称.
关于设置主机名称的更多信息,请访问这里
5. 配置DNS
首先,你可以在/etc/hosts中加入一些主机名称和这些主机名称对应的IP地址
要访问DNS 服务器来进行查询,需要设置/etc/resolv.conf文件.
例如: 假设DNS服务器的IP地址是192.168.1.1
编辑文件: /etc/hosts
sudo vi /etc/hosts
编辑内容如下:
nameserver 192.168.1.1
或者,编辑/etc/resolv.conf,添加内容如下:
sudo vi /etc/resolv.conf
用下面的命令使网络设置生效:
sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart
Ubuntu 关闭防火墙
root@ubuntu:/home/homer# ufw status // 查看状态 Status: inactive root@ubuntu:/home/homer# ufw enable // 打开防火墙 Firewall is active and enabled on system startup root@ubuntu:/home/homer# ufw status Status: active root@ubuntu:/home/homer# ufw disable // 关闭防火墙 Firewall stopped and disabled on system startup root@ubuntu:/home/homer# ufw status Status: inactive
1、关闭ubuntu的防火墙 ufw disable 2、卸载了iptables apt-get remove iptables 3、关闭ubuntu中的防火墙的其余命令 iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT iptables -F
CentOS 关闭防火墙
/etc/init.d/iptables stop
[root@homeros logs]# /etc/init.d/iptables status // 查看防火墙状态 iptables: Firewall is not running. [root@homeros logs]# /etc/init.d/iptables start // 开启防火墙 iptables: Applying firewall rules: [ OK ] [root@homeros logs]# /etc/init.d/iptables status Table: filter Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) num target prot opt source destination 1 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 2 ACCEPT icmp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 3 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 4 ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:22 5 REJECT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-host-prohibited Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) num target prot opt source destination 1 REJECT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-host-prohibited Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) num target prot opt source destination [root@homeros logs]# /etc/init.d/iptables stop // 关闭防火墙 iptables: Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ] iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [ OK ] iptables: Unloading modules: [ OK ] [root@homeros logs]# /etc/init.d/iptables status iptables: Firewall is not running.
推荐参考:
英文原文:http://www.ubuntugeek.com/ubuntu-networking-configuration-using-command-line.html