Server:
import socket address = ('127.0.0.1', 31500) s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) s.bind(address) while True: data, addr = s.recvfrom(2048) if not data: print "client has exist" break print "received:", data, "from", addr s.close()
Client:
import socket address = ('127.0.0.1', 31500) s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) while True: msg = raw_input() if not msg: break s.sendto(msg, address) s.close()
运行结果:
server
[work@db-testing python]$ python udp_ss.py received: aaaaaa from ('127.0.0.1', 10169) received: 123456 from ('127.0.0.1', 10169) received: abcdef from ('127.0.0.1', 10169)
client
[work@db-testing python]$ python udp_cc.py aaaaaa 123456 abcdef
[work@db-testing python]$
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python实在是太方便,太易用了,三方库的支持又全,语法又简单,对开发人员来说,实在是居家旅行,XXXX的必备利器。周末研究了下python的网络支持,做一下记录,以备随后翻阅。
python支持BSD的socket进行网络编程,其API跟C中的大同小异,先看看TCP方式的,说到网络编程,肯定会设计到server和client,分别来看下
server端的socket一般流程是这样:
好了,下面看一下例子:
netserver.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf8 -*-
import sys
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
import socket
class NetServer(object):
def tcpServer(self):
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sock.bind(('', 9527)) # 绑定同一个域名下的所有机器
sock.listen(5)
while True:
clientSock, (remoteHost, remotePort) = sock.accept()
print("[%s:%s] connect" % (remoteHost, remotePort)) # 接收客户端的ip, port
revcData = clientSock.recv(1024)
sendDataLen = clientSock.send("this is send data from server")
print "revcData: ", revcData
print "sendDataLen: ", sendDataLen
clientSock.close()
if __name__ == "__main__":
netServer = NetServer()
netServer.tcpServer()
netclient.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf8 -*-
import sys
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
import socket
class NetClient(object):
def tcpclient(self):
clientSock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
clientSock.connect(('localhost', 9527))
sendDataLen = clientSock.send("this is send data from client")
recvData = clientSock.recv(1024)
print "sendDataLen: ", sendDataLen
print "recvData: ", recvData
clientSock.close()
if __name__ == "__main__":
netClient = NetClient()
netClient.tcpclient()
运行结果:
1) 先启动 netserver.py, 然后启动 netclient.py,注意client先发送后接收,server是先接收后发送,顺序要交错
2) server 打印结果:
[127.0.0.1:55279] connect revcData: this is send data from client sendDataLen: 30
3) client 打印结果:
sendDataLen: 29 recvData: this is send data from server
由代码量可见python之简单,想要将这个例子改造成一个文件传输器,估计只需要增加不到20行代码即可。
UDP号称无连接传输,全然没有TCP那么复杂,三次握手,错误重传之类的机制都没有,发的只管发,收得只管收,收到没有?不知道,顺序不对怎么办?不管!就是这样,但是速度就要比TCP高得多了。在对数据帧要求不是很高的地方,这确实是很好用的,比如网络上的视频传输,音频传输等。
udpserver.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf8 -*-
import sys
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
import socket
class UdpServer(object):
def tcpServer(self):
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
sock.bind(('', 9527)) # 绑定同一个域名下的所有机器
while True:
revcData, (remoteHost, remotePort) = sock.recvfrom(1024)
print("[%s:%s] connect" % (remoteHost, remotePort)) # 接收客户端的ip, port
sendDataLen = sock.sendto("this is send data from server", (remoteHost, remotePort))
print "revcData: ", revcData
print "sendDataLen: ", sendDataLen
sock.close()
if __name__ == "__main__":
udpServer = UdpServer()
udpServer.tcpServer()
需要注意的是,server中address元组中的引号表示可以接受任何地址来的数据报,TCP例子中的则表示可以接受任意地址发起的连接。
udpclient.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf8 -*-
import sys
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
import socket
class UdpClient(object):
def tcpclient(self):
clientSock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
sendDataLen = clientSock.sendto("this is send data from client", ('localhost', 9527))
recvData = clientSock.recvfrom(1024)
print "sendDataLen: ", sendDataLen
print "recvData: ", recvData
clientSock.close()
if __name__ == "__main__":
udpClient = UdpClient()
udpClient.tcpclient()
运行结果:
1) 先启动 udpserver.py,然后启动 udpclient.py,并且保证client先发后收,server先收后发
2) server 结果(client 连续发送了三次请求):
[127.0.0.1:37219] connect revcData: this is send data from client sendDataLen: 30 [127.0.0.1:57622] connect revcData: this is send data from client sendDataLen: 30 [127.0.0.1:52290] connect revcData: this is send data from client sendDataLen: 30
3) client 结果:
sendDataLen: 29 recvData: ('this is send data from server', ('127.0.0.1', 9527))
文中给出的例子已经具有网络程序的基本结构,在实际应用中,应该自行扩展对socket的处理,socket说到底跟文件句柄,文件描述符,管道描述符等都是一个概念,可以对其进行I/O处理,事实上,在UNIX类系统中,对socket的操作跟对文件句柄的操作没有任何形式上的差异。
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