典型开源3D引擎分类比较
常见的3D引擎有：Unreal、Quake、Lithtech、OGRE、Nebula、Irrlicht、Truevision3D...
其中开源免费的有：OGRE、irrlicht、fly3d、NeoEngine、revolution3d、 Nebula2、Genesis3d等。
OGRE 在免费、开源的引擎中评价最高，一个原因是作为一个图形渲染引擎，它支持的图形特性最多，所以渲染质量也不错；另一个原因是设计模式的清晰；另外，速度也不错。
OGRE 将专注于向一个纯粹的、然而富于协作和扩展性的图形引擎发展，这得益于它的庞大的社群支持，使得很多事情可以通过外挂一些更专业的引擎来实现，物理引擎使用 ODE 、 Tokamak 、 NovodeX ，网络引擎使用 openTNL 、 RakNet 、 eNet ，声音引擎使用 FMod 、 OpenAL ，以及界面引擎使用 CEGUI 。
Standard | OGRE | IrrLicht | Truevision3D | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
General | ||||
Type | Only rendering engine | Game engine IncludeTV3DEngine,TV3DMedia,TV3DNet…… | ||
Languages | Written in pure C++, totally object orientated. | Written in pure C++, totally object orientated. | Written in C++ and VB6 with DirectX8.1 | |
License | LGPL | zlib/libpng License(totally free) | · Free TV3DSDK · Registered Developer License · group or site licenses | |
Develop platforms | · C++ · .NET | · C++ · .NET language binding | VB/VC++/DELPHI/ C#/vb.net | |
Platforms | ||||
Windows | Support | Support | Support | |
Linux | Support | Support | ||
MacOS | Support | Support | ||
3D API | ||||
Direct3D | Support | Support | Support | |
OpenGL | Support | Support | ||
Other | · The Irrlicht Engine software renderer. · The Apfelbaum Software Renderer | |||
Architecture | ||||
Extensibility | · Extensible example framework · Flexible plugin architecture allows engine to be extended without recompilation · Use some other professional engines to achieve other features | |||
Scripting | ||||
Materials & Textures | ||||
Materials | · Powerful material declaration language · Multiple material · Material LOD · Multi-texture and multi-pass blending · Projective texturing · Textures can be provided and updated in real-time by plugins | · Provide common built in materials based on fixed function pipeline or programmable pipeline · add new materials to Irrlicht at runtime, without the need of modifying/recompiling the engine | ||
Textures and Mapping | 自动产生MipMap； 自动调整纹理大小以满足硬件需求。 支持可程序控制的纹理坐标生成和转换。 | · Bump mapping · Parallax mapping · Light maps · Sphere mapping | DOT3 Bump mapping 没有提供多层纹理和混合模式 | |
Shaders | · Supports vertex and fragment programs, both written in assembler, and in Cg, DirectX9 HLSL, or GLSL · Support many commonly bound constant parameters like worldview matrices, light state information, object space eye position etc | · Pixel and Vertex Shaders 1.1 to 3.0 · ARB Fragment and Vertex Programs · HLSL · GLSL | · Hardware Vertex Shaders · HLSL | |
Scene Management | ||||
General | · Highly customizable, flexible scene management, not tied to any single scene type. · Hierarchical scene graph; nodes allow objects to be attached to each other and follow each others movements, articulated structures etc · Scene querying | · Using a hierarchical scene graph, can mix indoor and outdoor scene seamless together · Extensible hierarchical scene management | ||
BSP Support | BSP 场景的天空穹、粒子特效、高级材质属性，乃至 BSP 的空间分割规则都会被正确识别、自动实现 | · 对 BSP 的特性支持比较贫乏 | 对 BSP 的读取存在 BUG | |
Other | ||||
Special effects | ||||
Particle System | · easily extensible emitters, affectors and renderers · can be defined in text scripts for adjusting in real-time · particle pooling | · Customizeable Particle systems for snow, smoke, fire, ... | Atmospheric effects like fog, cloud, sky (box and sphere), stars. | |
Light & Shadow | 当前支持三种阴影：调整纹理阴影,调整模版阴影,附加模板阴影。不支持软阴影 Multiple shadow rendering techniques, | · Dynamic lights · Dynamic shadows using the stencil buffer | · Optimized dynamic stencil shadows · DirectX Hardware Lighting | |
Other | · Support for skyboxes, skyplanes and skydomes · Billboarding for sprite graphics · Transparent objects automatically managed | · Realistic water surfaces · Billboards · Transparent objects · Skyboxes · Fog · Texture animation | Billboard | |
Character Animation | ||||
· Skeletal animation · blending of multiple animations · variable bone weight skinning · hardware-accelerated skinning | · Morph target animation: · Skeletal animation | · Skeleton based, Key frame based, morph based animations · Animations that can be enhanced by bone attaching or custom bone rotations. | ||
Supported Formats | ||||
textures file formats | · PNG, JPEG, TGA, BMP or DDS · 1D textures, volumetric textures, cubemaps and compressed textures (DXT/S3TC) | · PSD,JPG,PNG,TGA,BMP,PCX | ||
mesh file formats | Milkshape3D, 3D Studio Max, Maya, Blender and Wings3D | · 3DS,OBJ,CSM,DAE,DMF,OCT,X,MS3D,MY3D,LMTS,BSP,MD2 | 3DS, X, MDL, MD2, MD3 | |
Document | ||||
Great number of users and well documented. | well documented API with lots of examples and tutorials. | |||
Other | ||||
GUI | ||||
2D Drawing | ||||
XML | ü Support XML Converter: convert efficient runtime binary formats to/from XML for interchange or editing | ü Support 快速的XML分析器 | ||
Web Site | ||||
http://www.ogre3d.org.sixxs.org | http://irrlicht.sourceforge.net.sixxs.org | http://www.truevision3d.com.sixxs.org | ||