Dockerfile安装的几个实例原

拓荒者

发布于 2019-03-11 11:19:55

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发布于 2019-03-11 11:19:55

文章被收录于专栏：运维经验分享运维经验分享

例子来源：

http://www.runoob.com/docker/docker-install-redis.html

Docker 安装 MySQL

方法一、通过 Dockerfile构建

创建Dockerfile

首先，创建目录mysql,用于存放后面的相关东西。

runoob@runoob:~$ mkdir -p ~/mysql/data ~/mysql/logs ~/mysql/conf

data目录将映射为mysql容器配置的数据文件存放路径

logs目录将映射为mysql容器的日志目录

conf目录里的配置文件将映射为mysql容器的配置文件

进入创建的mysql目录，创建Dockerfile

FROM debian:jessie

# add our user and group first to make sure their IDs get assigned consistently, regardless of whatever dependencies get added
RUN groupadd -r mysql && useradd -r -g mysql mysql

# add gosu for easy step-down from root
ENV GOSU_VERSION 1.7
RUN set -x \
    && apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends ca-certificates wget && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
    && wget -O /usr/local/bin/gosu "https://github.com/tianon/gosu/releases/download/$GOSU_VERSION/gosu-$(dpkg --print-architecture)" \
    && wget -O /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc "https://github.com/tianon/gosu/releases/download/$GOSU_VERSION/gosu-$(dpkg --print-architecture).asc" \
    && export GNUPGHOME="$(mktemp -d)" \
    && gpg --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys B42F6819007F00F88E364FD4036A9C25BF357DD4 \
    && gpg --batch --verify /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc /usr/local/bin/gosu \
    && rm -r "$GNUPGHOME" /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc \
    && chmod +x /usr/local/bin/gosu \
    && gosu nobody true \
    && apt-get purge -y --auto-remove ca-certificates wget

RUN mkdir /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d

# FATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db:
# File::Basename
# File::Copy
# Sys::Hostname
# Data::Dumper
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y perl pwgen --no-install-recommends && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

# gpg: key 5072E1F5: public key "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>" imported
RUN apt-key adv --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys A4A9406876FCBD3C456770C88C718D3B5072E1F5

ENV MYSQL_MAJOR 5.6
ENV MYSQL_VERSION 5.6.31-1debian8

RUN echo "deb http://repo.mysql.com/apt/debian/ jessie mysql-${MYSQL_MAJOR}" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mysql.list

# the "/var/lib/mysql" stuff here is because the mysql-server postinst doesn't have an explicit way to disable the mysql_install_db codepath besides having a database already "configured" (ie, stuff in /var/lib/mysql/mysql)
# also, we set debconf keys to make APT a little quieter
RUN { \
        echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/data-dir select ''; \
        echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/root-pass password ''; \
        echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/re-root-pass password ''; \
        echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/remove-test-db select false; \
    } | debconf-set-selections \
    && apt-get update && apt-get install -y mysql-server="${MYSQL_VERSION}" && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
    && rm -rf /var/lib/mysql && mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql /var/run/mysqld \
    && chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql /var/run/mysqld \
# ensure that /var/run/mysqld (used for socket and lock files) is writable regardless of the UID our mysqld instance ends up having at runtime
    && chmod 777 /var/run/mysqld

# comment out a few problematic configuration values
# don't reverse lookup hostnames, they are usually another container
RUN sed -Ei 's/^(bind-address|log)/#&/' /etc/mysql/my.cnf \
    && echo 'skip-host-cache\nskip-name-resolve' | awk '{ print } $1 == "[mysqld]" && c == 0 { c = 1; system("cat") }' /etc/mysql/my.cnf > /tmp/my.cnf \
    && mv /tmp/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf

VOLUME /var/lib/mysql

COPY docker-entrypoint.sh /usr/local/bin/
RUN ln -s usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh /entrypoint.sh # backwards compat
ENTRYPOINT ["docker-entrypoint.sh"]

EXPOSE 3306
CMD ["mysqld"]

通过Dockerfile创建一个镜像，替换成你自己的名字

runoob@runoob:~/mysql$ docker build -t mysql .

创建完成后，我们可以在本地的镜像列表里查找到刚刚创建的镜像

runoob@runoob:~/mysql$ docker images |grep mysql
mysql               5.6                 2c0964ec182a        3 weeks ago         329 MB

方法二、docker pull mysql

查找Docker Hub上的mysql镜像

runoob@runoob:/mysql$ docker search mysql
NAME                     DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
mysql                    MySQL is a widely used, open-source relati...   2529      [OK]       
mysql/mysql-server       Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Crea...   161                  [OK]
centurylink/mysql        Image containing mysql. Optimized to be li...   45                   [OK]
sameersbn/mysql                                                          36                   [OK]
google/mysql             MySQL server for Google Compute Engine          16                   [OK]
appcontainers/mysql      Centos/Debian Based Customizable MySQL Con...   8                    [OK]
marvambass/mysql         MySQL Server based on Ubuntu 14.04              6                    [OK]
drupaldocker/mysql       MySQL for Drupal                                2                    [OK]
azukiapp/mysql           Docker image to run MySQL by Azuki - http:...   2                    [OK]
...

这里我们拉取官方的镜像,标签为5.6

runoob@runoob:~/mysql$ docker pull mysql:5.6

等待下载完成后，我们就可以在本地镜像列表里查到REPOSITORY为mysql,标签为5.6的镜像。

使用mysql镜像

运行容器

runoob@runoob:~/mysql$ docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mymysql -v $PWD/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -v $PWD/logs:/logs -v $PWD/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.6
21cb89213c93d805c5bacf1028a0da7b5c5852761ba81327e6b99bb3ea89930e
runoob@runoob:~/mysql$

命令说明：

-p 3306:3306：将容器的 3306 端口映射到主机的 3306 端口。
-v -v $PWD/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d：将主机当前目录下的 conf/my.cnf 挂载到容器的 /etc/mysql/my.cnf。
-v $PWD/logs:/logs：将主机当前目录下的 logs 目录挂载到容器的 /logs。
-v $PWD/data:/var/lib/mysql ：将主机当前目录下的data目录挂载到容器的 /var/lib/mysql 。
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456：初始化 root 用户的密码。

查看容器启动情况

runoob@runoob:~/mysql$ docker ps 
CONTAINER ID    IMAGE         COMMAND                  ...  PORTS                    NAMES
21cb89213c93    mysql:5.6    "docker-entrypoint.sh"    ...  0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp   mymysql

Docker 安装 PHP

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1 篇笔记

Brian 153***2799@qq.com 最新官方MySQL(5.7.19)的docker镜像在创建时映射的配置文件目录有所不同，在此记录并分享给大家：官方原文： The MySQL startup configuration is specified in the file /etc/mysql/my.cnf, and that file in turn includes any files found in the /etc/mysql/conf.d directory that end with .cnf. Settings in files in this directory will augment and/or override settings in /etc/mysql/my.cnf. If you want to use a customized MySQL configuration, you can create your alternative configuration file in a directory on the host machine and then mount that directory location as /etc/mysql/conf.d inside the mysql container. 大概意思是说： MySQL(5.7.19)的默认配置文件是 /etc/mysql/my.cnf 文件。如果想要自定义配置，建议向 /etc/mysql/conf.d 目录中创建 .cnf 文件。新建的文件可以任意起名，只要保证后缀名是 cnf 即可。新建的文件中的配置项可以覆盖 /etc/mysql/my.cnf 中的配置项。具体操作：首先需要创建将要映射到容器中的目录以及.cnf文件，然后再创建容器 # pwd /opt # mkdir -p docker_v/mysql/conf # cd docker_v/mysql/conf # touch my.cnf # docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mysql -v /opt/docker_v/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d imageID 4ec4f56455ea2d6d7251a05b7f308e314051fdad2c26bf3d0f27a9b0c0a71414 命令说明：
- -p 3306:3306：将容器的3306端口映射到主机的3306端口
- -v /opt/docker_v/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d：将主机/opt/docker_v/mysql/conf目录挂载到容器的/etc/mysql/conf.d
- -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456：初始化root用户的密码
- -d: 后台运行容器，并返回容器ID
- imageID: mysql镜像ID
查看容器运行情况 # docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND ... PORTS NAMES 4ec4f56455ea c73c7527c03a "docker-entrypoint.sh" ... 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp mysql

Docker 安装 Redis

方法一、通过 Dockerfile 构建

创建Dockerfile

首先，创建目录redis,用于存放后面的相关东西。

runoob@runoob:~$ mkdir -p ~/redis ~/redis/data

data目录将映射为redis容器配置的/data目录,作为redis数据持久化的存储目录

进入创建的redis目录，创建Dockerfile

FROM debian:jessie

# add our user and group first to make sure their IDs get assigned consistently, regardless of whatever dependencies get added
RUN groupadd -r redis && useradd -r -g redis redis

RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
                ca-certificates \
                wget \
        && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

# grab gosu for easy step-down from root
ENV GOSU_VERSION 1.7
RUN set -x \
        && wget -O /usr/local/bin/gosu "https://github.com/tianon/gosu/releases/download/$GOSU_VERSION/gosu-$(dpkg --print-architecture)" \
        && wget -O /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc "https://github.com/tianon/gosu/releases/download/$GOSU_VERSION/gosu-$(dpkg --print-architecture).asc" \
        && export GNUPGHOME="$(mktemp -d)" \
        && gpg --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys B42F6819007F00F88E364FD4036A9C25BF357DD4 \
        && gpg --batch --verify /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc /usr/local/bin/gosu \
        && rm -r "$GNUPGHOME" /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc \
        && chmod +x /usr/local/bin/gosu \
        && gosu nobody true

ENV REDIS_VERSION 3.2.0
ENV REDIS_DOWNLOAD_URL http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-3.2.0.tar.gz
ENV REDIS_DOWNLOAD_SHA1 0c1820931094369c8cc19fc1be62f598bc5961ca

# for redis-sentinel see: http://redis.io/topics/sentinel
RUN buildDeps='gcc libc6-dev make' \
        && set -x \
        && apt-get update && apt-get install -y $buildDeps --no-install-recommends \
        && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
        && wget -O redis.tar.gz "$REDIS_DOWNLOAD_URL" \
        && echo "$REDIS_DOWNLOAD_SHA1 *redis.tar.gz" | sha1sum -c - \
        && mkdir -p /usr/src/redis \
        && tar -xzf redis.tar.gz -C /usr/src/redis --strip-components=1 \
        && rm redis.tar.gz \
        && make -C /usr/src/redis \
        && make -C /usr/src/redis install \
        && rm -r /usr/src/redis \
        && apt-get purge -y --auto-remove $buildDeps

RUN mkdir /data && chown redis:redis /data
VOLUME /data
WORKDIR /data

COPY docker-entrypoint.sh /usr/local/bin/
ENTRYPOINT ["docker-entrypoint.sh"]

EXPOSE 6379
CMD [ "redis-server" ]

通过Dockerfile创建一个镜像，替换成你自己的名字

runoob@runoob:~/redis$ docker build  -t redis:3.2 .

创建完成后，我们可以在本地的镜像列表里查找到刚刚创建的镜像

runoob@runoob:~/redis$ docker images redis 
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
redis               3.2                 43c923d57784        2 weeks ago         193.9 MB

方法二、docker pull redis:3.2

查找Docker Hub上的redis镜像

runoob@runoob:~/redis$ docker search  redis
NAME                      DESCRIPTION                   STARS  OFFICIAL  AUTOMATED
redis                     Redis is an open source ...   2321   [OK]       
sameersbn/redis                                         32                   [OK]
torusware/speedus-redis   Always updated official ...   29             [OK]
bitnami/redis             Bitnami Redis Docker Image    22                   [OK]
anapsix/redis             11MB Redis server image ...   6                    [OK]
webhippie/redis           Docker images for redis       4                    [OK]
clue/redis-benchmark      A minimal docker image t...   3                    [OK]
williamyeh/redis          Redis image for Docker        3                    [OK]
unblibraries/redis        Leverages phusion/baseim...   2                    [OK]
greytip/redis             redis 3.0.3                   1                    [OK]
servivum/redis            Redis Docker Image            1                    [OK]
...

这里我们拉取官方的镜像,标签为3.2

runoob@runoob:~/redis$ docker pull  redis:3.2

等待下载完成后，我们就可以在本地镜像列表里查到REPOSITORY为redis,标签为3.2的镜像。

使用redis镜像

运行容器

runoob@runoob:~/redis$ docker run -p 6379:6379 -v $PWD/data:/data  -d redis:3.2 redis-server --appendonly yes
43f7a65ec7f8bd64eb1c5d82bc4fb60e5eb31915979c4e7821759aac3b62f330
runoob@runoob:~/redis$

命令说明：

-p 6379:6379 : 将容器的6379端口映射到主机的6379端口

-v $PWD/data:/data : 将主机中当前目录下的data挂载到容器的/data

redis-server --appendonly yes : 在容器执行redis-server启动命令，并打开redis持久化配置

查看容器启动情况

runoob@runoob:~/redis$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE        COMMAND                 ...   PORTS                      NAMES
43f7a65ec7f8   redis:3.2    "docker-entrypoint.sh"  ...   0.0.0.0:6379->6379/tcp     agitated_cray

连接、查看容器

使用redis镜像执行redis-cli命令连接到刚启动的容器,主机IP为172.17.0.1

runoob@runoob:~/redis$ docker exec -it 43f7a65ec7f8 redis-cli
172.17.0.1:6379> info
# Server
redis_version:3.2.0
redis_git_sha1:00000000
redis_git_dirty:0
redis_build_id:f449541256e7d446
redis_mode:standalone
os:Linux 4.2.0-16-generic x86_64
arch_bits:64
multiplexing_api:epoll
...

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原始发表：2018/08/23 ，如有侵权请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除

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