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聊聊rsocket load balancer的Ewma

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code4it
发布2019-04-12 16:48:29
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发布2019-04-12 16:48:29
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文章被收录于专栏:码匠的流水账码匠的流水账

本文主要研究一下rsocket load balancer的Ewma

Moving Average

SMA

SMA(Simple Moving Average),即简单移动平均,其公式如下:

SMAt = (Pt + Pt-1 + Pt-2 + Pt-3 + ... + Pt-n+1) / n

这里的Pt到为Pt-n+1为最近的n个数据

WMA

WMA(Weighted Moving Average),即加权移动平均,其公式如下:

WMAt = (Pt * Wt) + (Pt-1 * Wt-1) + ... + (Pt-n+1 * Wt-n+1)

WMA会给最近的n个数据加上权重,其中这些权重加起来和为1,一般是较近的数据权重比较大

EMA或EWMA

EMA(Exponentially Moving Average)指数移动平均或EWMA(Exponentially Weighted Moving Average)指数加权移动平均,其公式如下:

EMAt = (Pt * S) + (1- S) * EMAt-1

它有一个S参数为平滑指数,一般是取2/(N+1)

Ewma

rsocket-load-balancer-0.12.1-sources.jar!/io/rsocket/stat/Ewma.java

public class Ewma {
  private final long tau;
  private volatile long stamp;
  private volatile double ewma;
​
  public Ewma(long halfLife, TimeUnit unit, double initialValue) {
    this.tau = Clock.unit().convert((long) (halfLife / Math.log(2)), unit);
    stamp = 0L;
    ewma = initialValue;
  }
​
  public synchronized void insert(double x) {
    long now = Clock.now();
    double elapsed = Math.max(0, now - stamp);
    stamp = now;
​
    double w = Math.exp(-elapsed / tau);
    ewma = w * ewma + (1.0 - w) * x;
  }
​
  public synchronized void reset(double value) {
    stamp = 0L;
    ewma = value;
  }
​
  public double value() {
    return ewma;
  }
​
  @Override
  public String toString() {
    return "Ewma(value=" + ewma + ", age=" + (Clock.now() - stamp) + ")";
  }
}
  • Ewma的构造器需要指定halfLife、timeunit、initialValue(ewma初始值)参数;ewma = w * ewma + (1.0 - w) * x,其中x为当前值,w为权重
  • 权重w = Math.exp(-elapsed / tau),即e的-elapsed / tau次方;elapsed为距离上次计算的时间长度;tau(希腊字母)为EWMA的时间常量
  • 这里的tau = halfLife / Math.log(2)根据timeunit转换后的值;其中halfLife参数,代表speed of convergence,即收敛的速度

RSocketSupplier

rsocket-load-balancer-0.12.1-sources.jar!/io/rsocket/client/filter/RSocketSupplier.java

public class RSocketSupplier implements Availability, Supplier<Mono<RSocket>>, Closeable {
​
  private static final double EPSILON = 1e-4;
​
  private Supplier<Mono<RSocket>> rSocketSupplier;
​
  private final MonoProcessor<Void> onClose;
​
  private final long tau;
  private long stamp;
  private final Ewma errorPercentage;
​
  public RSocketSupplier(Supplier<Mono<RSocket>> rSocketSupplier, long halfLife, TimeUnit unit) {
    this.rSocketSupplier = rSocketSupplier;
    this.tau = Clock.unit().convert((long) (halfLife / Math.log(2)), unit);
    this.stamp = Clock.now();
    this.errorPercentage = new Ewma(halfLife, unit, 1.0);
    this.onClose = MonoProcessor.create();
  }
​
  public RSocketSupplier(Supplier<Mono<RSocket>> rSocketSupplier) {
    this(rSocketSupplier, 5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
  }
​
  @Override
  public double availability() {
    double e = errorPercentage.value();
    if (Clock.now() - stamp > tau) {
      // If the window is expired artificially increase the availability
      double a = Math.min(1.0, e + 0.5);
      errorPercentage.reset(a);
    }
    if (e < EPSILON) {
      e = 0.0;
    } else if (1.0 - EPSILON < e) {
      e = 1.0;
    }
​
    return e;
  }
​
  private synchronized void updateErrorPercentage(double value) {
    errorPercentage.insert(value);
    stamp = Clock.now();
  }
​
  @Override
  public Mono<RSocket> get() {
    return rSocketSupplier
        .get()
        .doOnNext(o -> updateErrorPercentage(1.0))
        .doOnError(t -> updateErrorPercentage(0.0))
        .map(AvailabilityAwareRSocketProxy::new);
  }
​
  @Override
  public void dispose() {
    onClose.onComplete();
  }
​
  @Override
  public boolean isDisposed() {
    return onClose.isDisposed();
  }
​
  @Override
  public Mono<Void> onClose() {
    return onClose;
  }
​
  private class AvailabilityAwareRSocketProxy extends RSocketProxy {
    public AvailabilityAwareRSocketProxy(RSocket source) {
      super(source);
​
      onClose.doFinally(signalType -> source.dispose()).subscribe();
    }
​
    @Override
    public Mono<Void> fireAndForget(Payload payload) {
      return source
          .fireAndForget(payload)
          .doOnError(t -> errorPercentage.insert(0.0))
          .doOnSuccess(v -> updateErrorPercentage(1.0));
    }
​
    @Override
    public Mono<Payload> requestResponse(Payload payload) {
      return source
          .requestResponse(payload)
          .doOnError(t -> errorPercentage.insert(0.0))
          .doOnSuccess(p -> updateErrorPercentage(1.0));
    }
​
    @Override
    public Flux<Payload> requestStream(Payload payload) {
      return source
          .requestStream(payload)
          .doOnError(th -> errorPercentage.insert(0.0))
          .doOnComplete(() -> updateErrorPercentage(1.0));
    }
​
    @Override
    public Flux<Payload> requestChannel(Publisher<Payload> payloads) {
      return source
          .requestChannel(payloads)
          .doOnError(th -> errorPercentage.insert(0.0))
          .doOnComplete(() -> updateErrorPercentage(1.0));
    }
​
    @Override
    public Mono<Void> metadataPush(Payload payload) {
      return source
          .metadataPush(payload)
          .doOnError(t -> errorPercentage.insert(0.0))
          .doOnSuccess(v -> updateErrorPercentage(1.0));
    }
​
    @Override
    public double availability() {
      // If the window is expired set success and failure to zero and return
      // the child availability
      if (Clock.now() - stamp > tau) {
        updateErrorPercentage(1.0);
      }
      return source.availability() * errorPercentage.value();
    }
  }
}
  • RSocketSupplier实现了Availability、Supplier、Closeable接口,其中它定义了errorPercentage变量,其类型为Ewma;如果没有指定halfLife值,则RSocketSupplier默认halfLife为5秒,ewma的初始值为1.0
  • RSocketSupplier定义了一个常量EPSILON = 1e-4,其availability方法会先计算availability,然后在距离上次计算时间stamp超过tau值时会重置errorPercentage;之后当availability小于EPSILON时返回0,当availability + EPSILON大于1时返回1.0
  • updateErrorPercentage方法用于往ewma插入新值,同时更新stamp;get方法的doOnNext方法updateErrorPercentage值为1.0,doOnError方法updateErrorPercentage值为0.0;map会将RSocket转换为AvailabilityAwareRSocketProxy;AvailabilityAwareRSocketProxy对目标RSocket进行代理,对相关方法的doOnError及doOnSuccess都织入errorPercentage的统计

小结

  • Moving Average有好几种算法,包括SMA(Simple Moving Average)、WMA(Weighted Moving Average)、EMA(Exponentially Moving Average)或EWMA(Exponentially Weighted Moving Average)
  • Ewma的构造器需要指定halfLife、timeunit、initialValue(ewma初始值)参数;ewma = w * ewma + (1.0 - w) * x,其中x为当前值,w为权重;权重w = Math.exp(-elapsed / tau),即e的-elapsed / tau次方;elapsed为距离上次计算的时间长度;tau(希腊字母)为EWMA的时间常量;这里的tau = halfLife / Math.log(2)根据timeunit转换后的值;其中halfLife参数,代表speed of convergence,即收敛的速度
  • rsocket load balancer使用了Ewma了统计服务的availability;其中RSocketSupplier实现了Availability、Supplier、Closeable接口,其中它定义了errorPercentage变量,其类型为Ewma;如果没有指定halfLife值,则RSocketSupplier默认halfLife为5秒,ewma的初始值为1.0;RSocketSupplier的get方法会将RSocket转换为AvailabilityAwareRSocketProxy,而AvailabilityAwareRSocketProxy则会对目标RSocket进行代理,对相关方法的doOnError及doOnSuccess都织入errorPercentage的统计

doc

原创声明:本文系作者授权腾讯云开发者社区发表,未经许可,不得转载。

如有侵权,请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除。

原创声明:本文系作者授权腾讯云开发者社区发表,未经许可,不得转载。

如有侵权,请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除。

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目录
  • Moving Average
    • SMA
      • WMA
        • EMA或EWMA
        • Ewma
        • RSocketSupplier
        • 小结
        • doc
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