monit介绍和配置 原
1.介绍
monit监控和管理进程、程序、文件、目录和Unix系统的文件的工具。可以进行自动维护和修理，在错误的情况下执行有意义的因果关系的行动。比如，某个进程没有运行启动它；没有响应重启它；占用太多资源停止该进程等等。也可以用来监控文件、目录或系统文件的变化，如时间戳的改变，检验和的改变或大小的改变
2.安装：(需先装epel源)
yum install monit -y
3.配置
3.1 monit 的配置文件monit.conf
set daemon 30 监控检查的时间间隔
set logfile syslog 默认日志为syslog，还可以设置为自定义路径下的文件
set pidfile /var/run/monit.pid 设置pid文件的位置
set idfile /var/.monit.id 设置监控项目唯一ID的文件位置 默认在$HOME/.monit.id
set statefile /var/.monit.state 默认存储每个周期内monitorinig 状态的文件
set mailserver mail.bar.baz 主的邮件服务器
backup.bar.baz port 10025 备的邮件服务器
mailserver 支持格式为：
SET MAILSERVER <hostname|ip-address [PORT number] [USERNAME string] [PASSWORD string] [using SSLAUTO|SSLV2|SSLV3|TLSV1|TLSV11|TLSV12] [CERTMD5 checksum]>, ...
[with TIMEOUT X SECONDS]
[using HOSTNAME hostname]
set eventqueue #默认当邮件服务器不可用时使用eventqueue存储报警事件
basedir /var/monit
slots 100 #限制队列大小
set mail-format { 设置邮件告警的格式
from: monit@$HOST
subject: monit alert -- $EVENT $SERVICE
message: $EVENT Service $SERVICE
Date: $DATE
Action: $ACTION
Host: $HOST
Description: $DESCRIPTION
Your faithful employee,
Monit
}
set alert sysadm@foo.bar 设置接收告警的邮箱
以上是全局的配置，具体的services监控语法后面会介绍
3.2 进程监控
在 /etc/monit.d/下创建 nginx ，，并重启monit。内容如下
check process nginx with pidfile /usr/local/xywy/nginx/run/nginx.pid
start program = "/usr/local/xywy/nginx/sbin/nginx" with timeout 30 seconds
stop program = "/usr/local/xywy/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop"3.3 监控文件
在/etc/monit.d/下创建monit_test ,并重启monit，内容如下
check file monit.conf path /etc/monit.conf
group system
if changed sha1 checksum
then exec "/usr/local/bin/monit -c /etc/monit.conf reload"3.4 监控文件设备
check device VAR_LOG with path /var/log
if space usage > 85% then alert
check filesystem tmpfs with path /var
if space usage > 80% then alert下面是配置综合案例
check process sshd with pidfile /var/run/sshd.pid
start program "/etc/init.d/sshd start"
stop program "/etc/init.d/sshd stop"
if failed port 22 protocol ssh then restart
if 5 restarts within 5 cycles then timeout
check process mysql with pidfile /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
group database
start program = "/etc/init.d/mysqld start"
stop program = "/etc/init.d/mysqld stop"
if failed host 127.0.0.1 port 3306 then restart
if 5 restarts within 5 cycles then timeout
check process nginx with pidfile /var/run/nginx.pid
start program = "/etc/init.d/nginx start"
stop program = "/etc/init.d/nginx stop"
if failed host www.vpsee.com port 80 protocol http
then restart
check process php_cgi with pidfile /var/run/php_cgi.pid
start program = "/etc/init.d/php_cgi start"
stop program = "/etc/init.d/php_cgi stop"
if failed host 127.0.0.1 port 9000 then restart
if 5 restarts within 5 cycles then timeout
check process apache with pidfile /var/run/httpd.pid
group www
start program = "/etc/init.d/httpd start"
stop program = "/etc/init.d/httpd stop"
if failed host www.vpsee.com port 8080 protocol http
then restart
if cpu is greater than 80% for 2 cycles then alert
if cpu > 80% for 5 cycles then restart
if totalmem > 512 MB for 5 cycles then restart
if children > 200 then restart
if loadavg(5min) greater than 10 for 8 cycles then stop
if 3 restarts within 5 cycles then timeout3.5 monit命令使用
-c 指定配置文件
-d 后台运行
-l 指定logfile
-p 指定pid file
-s 指定statefile
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