hadoop3.0搭建本地模式和伪分布模式

用户1409099

修改于 2019-05-14 17:03:30

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修改于 2019-05-14 17:03:30

文章被收录于专栏：奕空奕空

下载地址（随便选个吧）：

http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/hadoop/common/hadoop-3.0.0
http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/hadoop/common/hadoop-3.0.0
http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/apache/hadoop/common/hadoop-3.0.0
http://mirrors.shuosc.org/apache/hadoop/common/hadoop-3.0.0
http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/hadoop/common/hadoop-3.0.0
http://www-eu.apache.org/dist/hadoop/common/hadoop-3.0.0/
http://www-us.apache.org/dist/hadoop/common/hadoop-3.0.0
https://pan.baidu.com/s/1nvj62Xb 我的网盘也可（包括hadoop3.0和jdk1.8）

bin：执行命令文件
etc：配置文件
sbin：集群命令文件
share\doc：文档
share\hadoop：所有jar包
share\hadoop\common：公共jar包
share\hadoop\mapreduce\hadoop-mapreduce-examples-3.0.0.jar（mapreduce可执行demo）

将jdk和hadoop的压缩包放在服务器的/root/myhadoop 目录下，解压

tar zxvf hadoop-3.0.0.tar.gz -C /root/myhadoop/

unzip jdk1.8.0_111.zip
#授权
chmod 777 -R /root/myhadoop/jdk1.8.0_111

配置环境变量

vi ~/.bash_profile
#配置环境变量如下
JAVA_HOME=/root/myhadoop/jdk1.8.0_111
export JAVA_HOME

PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export PATH

HADOOP_HOME=/root/myhadoop/hadoop-3.0.0
export HADOOP_HOME

PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:$PATH
export PATH

#保存退出后设置生效
source ~/.bash_profile

设置免密登录点击这里查看
本地模式

注意：本地模式不能hdfs，只能测试mapreduce

修改配置文件：hadoop-env.sh

vi hadoop-env.sh
#执行:set number显示行号，37行配置jdk路径
JAVA_HOME=/root/myhadoop/jdk1.8.0_111

执行demo

#执行，可发现提供的若干方法
hadoop jar /root/myhadoop/hadoop-3.0.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-3.0.0.jar
#使用如下wordcount单词计数这个方法
#wordcount: A map/reduce program that counts the words in the input files.
#执行，可知wordcount的使用方式
hadoop jar /root/myhadoop/hadoop-3.0.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-3.0.0.jar wordcount
#Usage: wordcount <in> [<in>...] <out>
#建立测试输入文件/root/myhadoop/input/data1.txt
#内容如下
我 在 北京
我 在 北京 西直门
西直门 属于 北京
#建立结果输出位置：/root/myhadoop/output
#执行
hadoop jar /root/myhadoop/hadoop-3.0.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-3.0.0.jar wordcount /root/myhadoop/input/data1.txt /root/myhadoop/output/wordcountresult
#日志如下
2017-12-20 21:56:37,040 INFO mapreduce.Job:  map 100% reduce 100%
2017-12-20 21:56:37,044 INFO mapreduce.Job: Job job_local1191731354_0001 completed successfully
#目录/root/myhadoop/output/wordcountresult 下会生成两个文件
计算结果：part-r-00000  
状态：_SUCCESS
#查看计算结果，可见如下（排序按字母默认排序）
[root@Hadoopc1 wordcountresult]# cat part-r-00000
北京    3
在      2
属于    1
我      2
西直门  2

伪分布模式

注意：依然在本机操作，具备Hadoop的所有功能，一台机器模拟一个分布式的环境

需要配置

HDSF的主节点NameNode、数据节点DataNode
Mapreduce的运行环境Yarn(读：亚嗯)可以理解为Tomcat的作用；

Yarn也是主从结构的，分为主节点ResourceManager和从节点NodeManager

修改配置的文件如下：

#HDFS的配置
#hdfs-site.xml
冗余度：dfs.replication=1
检查权限：dfs.permissions=false
#core-site.xml
配置HDFS的NameNode：fs.defaultFS=hdfs://192.168.13.245:9000
配置DataNode保存数据的位置：hadoop.tmp.dir=/root/myhadoop/hadoop-3.0.0/tmp （没有先去创建）

#MapReduce的配置
#mapred-site.xml
配置MR运行的框架：mapreduce.framework.name=yarn
#yarn-site.xml
配置ResourceManager的地址：yarn.resourcemanager.hostname=192.168.13.245
配置NodeManager执行任务的方式：yarn.nodemanager.aux-services=mapreduce_shuffle

具体如下

vi hdfs-site.xml

<configuration>
  <property>
    <name>dfs.replication</name>
    <value>1</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>dfs.permissions</name>
    <value>false</value>
  </property> 
</configuration>

vi core-site.xml

<configuration>
  <property>
    <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
    <value>hdfs://192.168.13.245:9000</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
    <value>/root/myhadoop/hadoop-3.0.0/tmp</value>
  </property>  
</configuration>

vi mapred-site.xml

<configuration>
  <property>
    <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
    <value>yarn</value>
  </property>    
  <property>
      <name>mapreduce.application.classpath</name>
      <value>
		/root/myhadoop/hadoop-3.0.0/etc/*,
		/root/myhadoop/hadoop-3.0.0/etc/hadoop/*,
		/root/myhadoop/hadoop-3.0.0/lib/*,
		/root/myhadoop/hadoop-3.0.0/share/hadoop/common/*,
		/root/myhadoop/hadoop-3.0.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/*,
		/root/myhadoop/hadoop-3.0.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/*,
		/root/myhadoop/hadoop-3.0.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib-examples/*,
		/root/myhadoop/hadoop-3.0.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/*,
		/root/myhadoop/hadoop-3.0.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/*,
		/root/myhadoop/hadoop-3.0.0/share/hadoop/yarn/*,
		/root/myhadoop/hadoop-3.0.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/*,
      </value>
  </property>    
</configuration>

vi yarn-site.xml

<configuration>

<!-- Site specific YARN configuration properties -->
  <property>
    <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>
    <value>192.168.13.245</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
    <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
  </property> 
  <property>
      <name>mapreduce.application.classpath</name>
      <value>
		/root/myhadoop/hadoop-3.0.0/etc/*,
		/root/myhadoop/hadoop-3.0.0/etc/hadoop/*,
		/root/myhadoop/hadoop-3.0.0/lib/*,
		/root/myhadoop/hadoop-3.0.0/share/hadoop/common/*,
		/root/myhadoop/hadoop-3.0.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/*,
		/root/myhadoop/hadoop-3.0.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/*,
		/root/myhadoop/hadoop-3.0.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib-examples/*,
		/root/myhadoop/hadoop-3.0.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/*,
		/root/myhadoop/hadoop-3.0.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/*,
		/root/myhadoop/hadoop-3.0.0/share/hadoop/yarn/*,
		/root/myhadoop/hadoop-3.0.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/*,
      </value>
    </property>
</configuration>

格式化NameNode

hdfs namenode -format
#出现如下，格式化成功
2017-12-20 22:42:36,704 INFO common.Storage: Storage directory /root/myhadoop/hadoop-3.0.0/tmp/dfs/name has been successfully formatted.

启动，使用整合启动方式：start-all.sh

相当于分别执行HDFS: 存储数据和Yarn：执行计算

[root@Hadoopc1 hadoop]# start-all.sh
Starting namenodes on [192.168.13.245]
ERROR: Attempting to operate on hdfs namenode as root
ERROR: but there is no HDFS_NAMENODE_USER defined. Aborting operation.
Starting datanodes
ERROR: Attempting to operate on hdfs datanode as root
ERROR: but there is no HDFS_DATANODE_USER defined. Aborting operation.
Starting secondary namenodes [Hadoopc1.localdomain]
ERROR: Attempting to operate on hdfs secondarynamenode as root
ERROR: but there is no HDFS_SECONDARYNAMENODE_USER defined. Aborting operation.
Starting resourcemanager
ERROR: Attempting to operate on yarn resourcemanager as root
ERROR: but there is no YARN_RESOURCEMANAGER_USER defined. Aborting operation.
Starting nodemanagers
ERROR: Attempting to operate on yarn nodemanager as root
ERROR: but there is no YARN_NODEMANAGER_USER defined. Aborting operation.

解决缺少用户定义问题，修改如下4个文件

vi sbin/start-dfs.sh

vi sbin/stop-dfs.sh

添加

HDFS_DATANODE_USER=root 
HADOOP_SECURE_DN_USER=hdfs 
HDFS_NAMENODE_USER=root 
HDFS_SECONDARYNAMENODE_USER=root

vi sbin/start-yarn.sh

vi sbin/stop-yarn.sh

添加

YARN_RESOURCEMANAGER_USER=root
HADOOP_SECURE_DN_USER=yarn
YARN_NODEMANAGER_USER=root

再试执行，完毕

[root@Hadoopc1 sbin]# jps
7584 DataNode
9042 NodeManager
8923 ResourceManager
7468 NameNode
7869 SecondaryNameNode
12206 Jps

访问查看

HDFS：http://192.168.13.245:9870

Yarn：http://192.168.13.245:8088

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原始发表：2017/12/21 ，如有侵权请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除

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