Ubuntu16.04安装OpenCV
1.安装 opencv 所需依赖包
如果后面还要遗漏的，出错再补上
$ sudo apt-get update $ sudo apt-get upgrade $ sudo apt-get -y install libopencv-dev build-essential cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config python-dev python-numpy libdc1394-22 libdc1394-22-dev libjpeg-dev libpng12-dev libtiff5-dev libjasper-dev libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libxine2-dev libgstreamer0.10-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-dev libv4l-dev libtbb-dev libqt4-dev libfaac-dev libmp3lame-dev libopencore-amrnb-dev libopencore-amrwb-dev libtheora-dev libvorbis-dev libxvidcore-dev x264v4l-utils unzip
2.下载 opencv3.2.0
这里需要下载 opencv 和 opencv_contrib (后者会在 cmake 配置的时候用到), 这是因为 opencv3以后 SIFT 和 SURF 之类的属性被移到了 contrib 中,执行下面两条指令下载 OpenCV3.2.0
$ wget https://github.com/opencv/opencv/archive/3.2.0.zip $ wget https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/archive/3.2.0.zip
(3.2.0.zip就是opencv-3.2.0.zip) (3.2.0.zip.1就是opencv_contrib.zip)
3.解压下载的两个文件
$ unzip opencv-3.2.0.zip -d ~/opencv $ unzip opencv_contrib-3.2.0.zip -d ~/opencv
4.创建并进入 build 目录,执行 cmake 生成 makefile 文件
$ cd ~/opencv/opencv-3.2.0 $ mkdir build $ cd build/ $ sudo cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH= ..
注意cmake的参数不要出错
问题一：
下载包的时候链接超时
CMake Error at 3rdparty/ippicv/downloader.cmake:77 (message):
ICV: Failed to download ICV package: ippicv_linux_20151201.tgz.
Status=28;"Timeout was reached"手动下载 ippicv_linux_20151201.tgz（https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Itseez/opencv_3rdparty/81a676001ca8075ada498583e4166079e5744668/ippicv/ippicv_linux_20151201.tgz）到opencv-3.2.0/3rdparty/ippicv/downloads/目录下再cmake
$ sudo cp ~/software/opencv/ippicv_linux_20151201.tgz ~/opencv/opencv-3.2.0/3rdparty/ippicv/downloads/linux-808b791a6eac9ed78d32a7666804320e/
问题二：
-- No package 'gtk+-3.0' found$ sudo apt-get install libgtk-3-dev
问题三：
-- No package 'gstreamer-base-1.0' found
-- No package 'gstreamer-video-1.0' found
-- No package 'gstreamer-app-1.0' found
-- No package 'gstreamer-riff-1.0' found
-- No package 'gstreamer-pbutils-1.0' foundsudo apt-get -y install libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-dev sudo apt-get -y install libgstreamer1.0-dev
问题四:
-- No package 'libavresample' found
-- No package 'libgphoto2' found$ sudo apt-get -y install libavresample-dev $ sudo apt-get -y install libgphoto2-dev
问题五:
-- Could not find OpenBLAS include. Turning OpenBLAS_FOUND off
-- Could not find OpenBLAS lib. Turning OpenBLAS_FOUND off
-- Could NOT find Atlas (missing: Atlas_CBLAS_INCLUDE_DIR Atlas_CLAPACK_INCLUDE_DIR Atlas_CBLAS_LIBRARY Atlas_BLAS_LIBRARY Atlas_LAPACK_LIBRARY)
-- Could NOT find Doxygen (missing: DOXYGEN_EXECUTABLE)
-- Could NOT find JNI (missing: JAVA_AWT_LIBRARY JAVA_JVM_LIBRARY JAVA_INCLUDE_PATH JAVA_INCLUDE_PATH2 JAVA_AWT_INCLUDE_PATH)
-- Could NOT find Matlab (missing: MATLAB_MEX_SCRIPT MATLAB_INCLUDE_DIRS MATLAB_ROOT_DIR MATLAB_LIBRARIES MATLAB_LIBRARY_DIRS MATLAB_MEXEXT MATLAB_ARCH MATLAB_BIN)
-- VTK is not found. Please set -DVTK_DIR in CMake to VTK build directory, or to VTK install subdirectory with VTKConfig.cmake file$ sudo apt-get install libopenblas-dev
问题六:
-- Could NOT find Doxygen (missing: DOXYGEN_EXECUTABLE) $ sudo apt-get install doxygen
问题七:
-- Could NOT find JNI (missing: JAVA_AWT_LIBRARY JAVA_JVM_LIBRARY JAVA_INCLUDE_PATH JAVA_INCLUDE_PATH2 JAVA_AWT_INCLUDE_PATH) a.下载jdk-8u151-linux-x64.tar.gz到download目录 http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/cn/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151-zhs.html
b.安装jdk
$ cd download/ $ sudo mkdir /usr/local/java $ sudo tar zxvf jdk-8u151-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/java $ sudo ln -s /usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_151/ /usr/local/java/latest
c. 添加环境变量：
$ sudo vim /etc/profile
加入如下内容：
>export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/latest
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/rt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin执行
$ source /etc/profile
进行更新。
没有报错的情况下，cmake成功后会出现
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /home/fc/opencv/opencv-
3.2.0/build5. make
cmake成功,之后可以在 build 文件下执行编译指令,待编译成功后即可执行安装指令。
$ sudo make -j4
出错： /opencv/opencv-3.2.0/build/opencv_lapack.h:2:45: fatal error: LAPACKE_H_PATH-NOTFOUND/lapacke.h: 没有那个文件或目录 解决方法：
$ sudo apt-get install liblapacke-dev checkinstall
make时间有点长，差不多两个小时了。
6.install
$ sudo make install
7.安装 python 接口依赖
$sudo apt-get install python-opencv sudo apt-get install python-numpy
8.测试 Python 的 OpenCV3.2.0 模块
$ python
Python 2.7.14 |Anaconda, Inc.| (default, Oct 16 2017, 17:29:19)
[GCC 7.2.0] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import cv2
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: No module named cv2
>>> 问题：No module named cv2 原因在于 python2.7 找不到 cv2.so 文件
$ sudo cp ~/opencv/opencv-3.2.0/build/lib/cv2.so ~/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/
再测试：
$ python
Python 2.7.14 |Anaconda, Inc.| (default, Oct 16 2017, 17:29:19)
[GCC 7.2.0] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import cv2
>>> cv2.__version__
'3.2.0'
>>> 能显示opencv的版本说明安装成功