Centos 6.10重装python和yum

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发布于 2019-05-30 21:52:40

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发布于 2019-05-30 21:52:40

删除所有python版本

rpm -qa|grep python|xargs rpm -e --allmatches --nodeps whereis python|xargs rm -rf

[root@centos6 ~]# rpm -qa|grep python|xargs rpm -e --allmatches --nodeps
warning:    erase unlink of /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pip/wheel.pyo failed: No such file or directory
warning:    erase unlink of /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pip/wheel.pyc failed: No such file or directory
warning:    erase unlink of /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pip/wheel.py failed: No such file or directory
warning:    erase unlink of /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pip/vcs/subversion.pyo failed: No such file or directory
warning:    erase unlink of /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pip/vcs/subversion.pyc failed: No such file or directory

[root@centos6 ~]# whereis python
python: /usr/bin/python3.6 /usr/lib/python2.6 /usr/lib64/python2.6
[root@centos6 ~]# 
[root@centos6 ~]# whereis python|xargs rm -fr
[root@centos6 ~]# 
[root@centos6 ~]# whereis python
python:
[root@centos6 ~]#

检查还能否使用python

[root@centos6 ~]# python
-bash: /usr/bin/python: No such file or directory
[root@centos6 ~]# 
[root@centos6 ~]# python3
-bash: python3: command not found
[root@centos6 ~]# 
[root@centos6 ~]# python3.6
-bash: python3.6: command not found
[root@centos6 ~]# 
[root@centos6 ~]#

卸载yum

rpm -qa|grep yum|xargs rpm -e --allmatches --nodeps rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/* whereis yum | xargs rm -rf

[root@centos6 ~]# rpm -qa|grep yum
PackageKit-yum-plugin-0.5.8-26.el6.x86_64
yum-utils-1.1.30-41.el6.noarch
PackageKit-yum-0.5.8-26.el6.x86_64
yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-41.el6.noarch
yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64
yum-3.2.29-81.el6.centos.noarch
yum-plugin-security-1.1.30-41.el6.noarch
[root@centos6 ~]# 
[root@centos6 ~]# rpm -qa|grep yum|xargs rpm -e --allmatches --nodeps
[root@centos6 ~]# rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*
[root@centos6 ~]# 
[root@centos6 ~]# whereis yum
yum: /etc/yum
[root@centos6 ~]# 
[root@centos6 ~]# whereis yum | xargs rm -rf 
[root@centos6 ~]# 
[root@centos6 ~]# whereis yum
yum:
[root@centos6 ~]#

查看系统版本号

[root@centos6 ~]# cat /etc/issue
CentOS release 6.10 (Final)
Kernel \r on an \m

[root@centos6 ~]#

后续根据系统版本号去找镜像下载。

寻找Centos6系统镜像的包下载

首先搜索Centos就可以找到镜像的下载，再从镜像下载寻找镜像库即可。

这些都是镜像库，找对自己系统的版本来下载。

在镜像的url后面设置路径/centos/6.10/os/x86_64/Packages/就可以找到镜像库的地址了，如下：

安装python

创建python的安装目录：

[root@centos6 ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/src/python

下载安装文件：

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.10/os/x86_64/Packages/python-2.6.6-66.el6_8.x86_64.rpm
 
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.10/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm
 
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.10/os/x86_64/Packages/python-pycurl-7.19.0-9.el6.x86_64.rpm
 
wget  http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.10/os/x86_64/Packages/python-devel-2.6.6-66.el6_8.x86_64.rpm
 
wget  http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.10/os/x86_64/Packages/python-libs-2.6.6-66.el6_8.x86_64.rpm
 
wget  http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.10/os/x86_64/Packages/python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-11.el6.noarch.rpm
 
wget  http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.10/os/x86_64/Packages/rpm-python-4.8.0-59.el6.x86_64.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.10/os/x86_64/Packages/python-setuptools-0.6.10-4.el6_9.noarch.rpm

下载完毕后的rpm文件：

[root@centos6 python]# ls
python-2.6.6-66.el6_8.x86_64.rpm        python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm  python-pycurl-7.19.0-9.el6.x86_64.rpm      rpm-python-4.8.0-59.el6.x86_64.rpm
python-devel-2.6.6-66.el6_8.x86_64.rpm  python-libs-2.6.6-66.el6_8.x86_64.rpm     python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-11.el6.noarch.rpm
[root@centos6 python]#

执行安装： rpm -ivh python-* rpm-python-*

[root@centos6 python]# rpm -ivh python-*   rpm-python-*
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
    package python-libs-2.6.6-66.el6_8.x86_64 is already installed
    package python-2.6.6-66.el6_8.x86_64 is already installed
    package python-pycurl-7.19.0-9.el6.x86_64 is already installed
    package python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-11.el6.noarch is already installed
    package python-devel-2.6.6-66.el6_8.x86_64 is already installed
    package python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch is already installed
[root@centos6 python]# 
[root@centos6 python]# python
Python 2.6.6 (r266:84292, Aug 18 2016, 15:13:37) 
[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-17)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> exit()

安装yum

创建yum的安装目录：

mkdir -p /usr/local/src/yum

寻找需要下载的rpm包路径：

[root@centos6 yum]# curl http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.10/os/x86_64/Packages/ > 1.txt
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100  859k    0  859k    0     0   442k      0 --:--:--  0:00:01 --:--:--  451k
[root@centos6 yum]# ls
1.txt
[root@centos6 yum]# vim 1.txt 
[root@centos6 yum]# 
[root@centos6 yum]# cat 1.txt | grep yum | grep centos.noarch.rpm
<a href="kabi-yum-plugins-1.0-2.el6.centos.noarch.rpm">kabi-yum-plugins-1.0-2.el6.centos.noarch.rpm</a>       07-Jul-2011 18:57    7724
<a href="yum-3.2.29-81.el6.centos.noarch.rpm">yum-3.2.29-81.el6.centos.noarch.rpm</a>                23-Mar-2017 23:04   1018K
<a href="yum-cron-3.2.29-81.el6.centos.noarch.rpm">yum-cron-3.2.29-81.el6.centos.noarch.rpm</a>           23-Mar-2017 22:59     46K
[root@centos6 yum]# 
[root@centos6 yum]# cat 1.txt | grep yum | grep yum-metadata-parser
<a href="yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm">yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm</a>        26-Sep-2011 12:25     27K
[root@centos6 yum]# 
[root@centos6 yum]# cat 1.txt | grep yum | grep yum-plugin-fastestmirror
<a href="yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-41.el6.noarch.rpm">yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-41.el6.noarch.rpm</a>  20-Jun-2018 19:43     33K
[root@centos6 yum]#

下载安装文件：

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.10/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.2.29-81.el6.centos.noarch.rpm
 
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.10/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
 
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.10/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-41.el6.noarch.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.10/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-utils-1.1.30-41.el6.noarch.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.10/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-protectbase-1.1.30-41.el6.noarch.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.10/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-aliases-1.1.30-41.el6.noarch.rpm

下载完毕的rpm包

[root@centos6 yum]# ls
1.txt                                        yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-41.el6.noarch.rpm
yum-3.2.29-81.el6.centos.noarch.rpm          yum-plugin-protectbase-1.1.30-41.el6.noarch.rpm
yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm  yum-utils-1.1.30-41.el6.noarch.rpm
yum-plugin-aliases-1.1.30-41.el6.noarch.rpm
[root@centos6 yum]#

安装rpm包

[root@centos6 yum]# rpm -ivh yum-* --force --nodeps
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:yum-metadata-parser    ########################################### [ 17%]
   2:yum-plugin-fastestmirro########################################### [ 33%]
   3:yum                    ########################################### [ 50%]
   4:yum-utils              ########################################### [ 67%]
   5:yum-plugin-aliases     ########################################### [ 83%]
   6:yum-plugin-protectbase ########################################### [100%]
[root@centos6 yum]#

执行yum

[root@centos6 yum]# yum 
Loaded plugins: aliases, fastestmirror, protectbase
You need to give some command
Usage: yum [options] COMMAND

List of Commands:

alias          Adds or lists aliases
check          Check for problems in the rpmdb
check-update   Check for available package updates
clean          Remove cached data
deplist        List a package's dependencies
distribution-synchronization Synchronize installed packages to the latest available versions
downgrade      downgrade a package

[root@centos6 yum]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@centos6 yum]#

可以看到Centos6的yum源文件都被删除了，需要重新找回来。

设置CentOS-Base.repo

[root@centos6 yum.repos.d]# cat CentOS-Base.repo 
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever
enabled=1
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
    http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
    http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever
enabled=1
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
    http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
    http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever
enabled=1
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
    http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
    http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
[root@centos6 yum.repos.d]#

设置epel.repo

[root@centos6 yum.repos.d]# cat epel.repo 
[epel]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - $basearch
enabled=1
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/epel/6/$basearch
    http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/6/$basearch
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6
    http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6
[root@centos6 yum.repos.d]#

最后设置一下yum缓存

[root@centos6 yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
Loaded plugins: aliases, fastestmirror, protectbase
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * epel: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
base                                                                                  | 3.7 kB     00:00     
epel                                                                                  | 4.7 kB     00:00     
epel/filelists_db                                                                     | 7.9 MB     00:00     
epel/updateinfo                                                                       | 817 kB     00:00     
epel/prestodelta                                                                      | 1.3 kB     00:00     
epel/other_db                                                                         | 3.0 MB     00:00     
extras                                                                                | 3.4 kB     00:00     
extras/prestodelta                                                                    | 2.2 kB     00:00     
extras/other_db                                                                       |  14 kB     00:00     
updates                                                                               | 3.4 kB     00:00     
updates/filelists_db                                                                  | 3.0 MB     00:00     
updates/prestodelta                                                                   | 153 kB     00:00     
updates/other_db                                                                      | 213 kB     00:00     
Metadata Cache Created
[root@centos6 yum.repos.d]#

测试安装：

[root@centos6 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y tree
Loaded plugins: aliases, fastestmirror, protectbase
Setting up Install Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * epel: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
0 packages excluded due to repository protections
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package tree.x86_64 0:1.5.3-3.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

好了，到这里就安装完毕yum了，如果还有其他文件的话，可以参考下面的这个文献，也是很不错的。

解决运行yum报错：No module named rpm

查看yum指向的python是否为2.6.6

[root@centos6 python]# head -1 /usr/bin/yum
#!/usr/bin/python
[root@centos6 python]# 
[root@centos6 python]# head -1 /usr/bin/yum
#!/usr/bin/python
[root@centos6 python]# /usr/bin/python --version
Python 2.6.6
[root@centos6 python]#

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原始发表：2019.05.23 ，如有侵权请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除

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