import commands
result = commands.getoutput('cmd')
result = commands.getstatus('cmd')
result = commands.getstatusoutput('cmd')
以上执行shell命令的相关的模块和函数的功能均在 subprocess 模块中实现,并提供了更丰富的功能。
call
执行命令,返回状态码
1 2 | ret = subprocess.call(["ls", "-l"], shell=False) ret = subprocess.call("ls -l", shell=True) |
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check_call
执行命令,如果执行状态码是 0 ,则返回0,否则抛异常
1 2 | subprocess.check_call(["ls", "-l"]) subprocess.check_call("exit 1", shell=True) |
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check_output
执行命令,如果状态码是 0 ,则返回执行结果,否则抛异常
1 2 | subprocess.check_output(["echo", "Hello World!"]) subprocess.check_output("exit 1", shell=True) |
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subprocess.Popen(...)
用于执行复杂的系统命令
参数:
import subprocess
ret1 = subprocess.Popen(["mkdir","t1"])
ret2 = subprocess.Popen("mkdir t2", shell=True)
终端输入的命令分为两种:
import subprocess
obj = subprocess.Popen("mkdir t3", shell=True, cwd='/home/dev',)
import subprocess
obj = subprocess.Popen(["python"], stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, universal_newlines=True)
obj.stdin.write("print(1)\n")
obj.stdin.write("print(2)")
obj.stdin.close()
cmd_out = obj.stdout.read()
obj.stdout.close()
cmd_error = obj.stderr.read()
obj.stderr.close()
print(cmd_out)
print(cmd_error)
import subprocess
obj = subprocess.Popen(["python"], stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, universal_newlines=True)
obj.stdin.write("print(1)\n")
obj.stdin.write("print(2)")
out_error_list = obj.communicate()
print(out_error_list)
import subprocess
obj = subprocess.Popen(["python"], stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, universal_newlines=True)
out_error_list = obj.communicate('print("hello")')
print(out_error_list)