第1节：英语中的名词，冠词和数词，代词

holiday - holidays
monkey - monkeys
photo - photos
radio - radios
tomato - tomatoes
zero - zeros / zeroes
belief - beliefs
knife - knives
leaf - leaves
wolf - wolves
wife - wives
life - lives
man - men
woman - women
mouse - mice
tooth - teeth
foot - feet
child - children
a person
a policeman
the Chinese
maths
politics
physics
glasses
clothes
goods

Cake is a kind of food.
These cakes are sweet.
Our country is famous for tea.
Two teas, please.
a glass of water
a piece of advice

sports meeting
talks table
goods train
a five-year plan
two-hundred trees

a teacher's book
the boy's bag
men's room
the title of the song
the barber's

不定冠词a (an)
a little
a few
a lot
a type of
a pile
a great many
many a
as a rule
in a word
 after a while

Take the medicine.
I've been to the house.
the sun
the moon
the dollar
the rich 富人; the living 生者

on the second floor // 二层
They are the teachers of this school // 全体教师
They are teachers of this school // 部分教师
the People's Republic of China // 中华人民共和国
the United States // 美国
in the day
in the morning
the day after tomorrow
the next morning
in the sky
in the dark
in the rain
in the distance
in the end
by the way

 We go to school from Monday to Friday.
have breakfast
play chess
I can't write without pen or pencil.
by bus
by train
go to hospital 去医院看病
go to the hospital 去医院

He raises a black and a white cat. //养了一只黑猫和一只白猫
raises a black and white cat // 养了一只花猫

such an animal
Many a man
quite a lot
All the students

// 基数词
three hundred and forty-five；// 345
基数词一般是单数形式，与of 短语连用，表示概数。
scores of people 指许多人

first---1st
second---2nd

I have three times as many as you.
as + adj. + as
the size (amount，length…) of…
形容词（副词）比较级+ than…
by+倍数

基数词代表分子，序数词代表分母
1/3 one-third

主格 I you he she it
宾格 me you him her it
主格 we you they they they
宾格 us you them them them

形容词性物主代词
my　your　his/her its our your/their
名词性物主代词
mine yours his/hers its ours yours/theirs

She was talking to herself.　 她自言自语。

They love each other.

who，whom，whose，what和which

who，whom，whose，that，which，as

I like English.
This is she.
I thought it was she.
I thought it to be her.

anybody，everybody，nobody，anyone， someone， everyone，no one

Give the cat some food.She is hungry.

you  he/she;　it I
we you They

a, an, this, that +名词+of +名词性物主代词

I myself
you yourself
you yourselves
she herself
he himself
we ourselves
they themselves
it itself
one oneself

We enjoyed ourselves very much last night.
The thing itself is not important.
You should be proud of yourself.

I like this better than that.
I don't say no to that.

Whose are these books on the desk?　
Which girls do you like best?
What girls do you like best? 

He's changed. He's not the man he was.

all, both, every, each, 
either, neither, 
more, little, few, much, many, 
another, other, 
some, any , one, 
some, something, anything, everything, 
somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, 
nothing , 
nobody, no one, none, everybody, everyone.

one… the other 两个
some… the others 三个以上
the others = the rest　剩余的全部
He is one of the students who help me. = He is the one of the students who helps me.

// 复数
There are flowers on both sides of the street.
// 单数
There are flowers on either side of the street.