Android 6.0后动态申请权限

概述

自从Android6.0(api23)发布以后,当我们的APP需要用到系统权限时,必须在用户运行时动态申请权限了.

系统权限分为2种:

• Normal permission:对于用户隐私没有危险的，在清单文件中申请就可以直接授权。
• Dangerous permission:app需要访问用户的隐私信息等，即使在清单文件注册，也需要在运行是通过用户授权。

Dangerous permission需要单独申请的权限，共分为9组，每组只要有一个权限申请成功了，就默认整组权限都可以使用了。

group:android.permission-group.CONTACTS permission:android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS permission:android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS permission:android.permission.READ_CONTACTS

group:android.permission-group.PHONE permission:android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG permission:android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE permission:android.permission.CALL_PHONE permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG permission:android.permission.USE_SIP permission:android.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS permission:com.android.voicemail.permission.ADD_VOICEMAIL

group:android.permission-group.CALENDAR permission:android.permission.READ_CALENDAR permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR

group:android.permission-group.CAMERA permission:android.permission.CAMERA

group:android.permission-group.SENSORS permission:android.permission.BODY_SENSORS

group:android.permission-group.LOCATION permission:android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION permission:android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION

group:android.permission-group.STORAGE permission:android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission:android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE

group:android.permission-group.MICROPHONE permission:android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO

group:android.permission-group.SMS permission:android.permission.READ_SMS permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_MMS permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS permission:android.permission.SEND_SMS permission:android.permission.READ_CELL_BROADCASTS

申请权限核心代码

/** * android 6.0 以上需要动态申请权限 */ private void initPermission() { //定义动态申请的权限组 String permissions[] = {Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE, Manifest.permission.INTERNET, Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE }; ArrayList<String> toApplyList = new ArrayList<String>(); //遍历要申请的权限组里的每个权限是否已经获取到权限了 //如果未获取到权限加入到toApplyList列表里用于动态申请 for (String perm : permissions) { if (PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED != ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, perm)) { toApplyList.add(perm); // 进入到这里代表没有权限. } } //判断是否有需要动态申请的权限用requestPermissions进行申请 if (toApplyList.size() > 0) { String tmpList[] = new String[toApplyList.size()]; if (!toApplyList.isEmpty()) { ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, toApplyList.toArray(tmpList), 123); } } else { //如果没有需要动态申请的权限直接进入我们要做的事件 InitVoice(); } }

同时要在activity里面重写一下onRequestPermissionsResult方法,用于获取到后权限的动作.

@Override public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) { super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults); // 此处为android 6.0以上动态授权的回调，用户自行实现。 for (String perm : permissions) { //得到申请权限的返回结果,如果未获取到权限直接关闭当前activity if (PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED != ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, perm)) { finish(); } } //申请到权限后执行我们要做的事件 InitVoice(); }

在activity的onCreate事件加入权限申请的调用

try { final PackageInfo info = this.getPackageManager().getPackageInfo(this.getPackageName(), 0); int targetSdkVersion = info.applicationInfo.targetSdkVersion; if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) { if (targetSdkVersion >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) { initPermission(); } }else { InitVoice(); } } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }