Spring+SpringMVC+Hibernate简单整合（转）

yaohong

发布于 2019-09-11 17:46:03

7790

发布于 2019-09-11 17:46:03

SpringMVC又一个漂亮的web框架，他与Struts2并驾齐驱，Struts出世早而占据了一定优势，下面同样做一个简单的应用实例，介绍SpringMVC的基本用法，接下来的博客也将梳理一下Struts2和SpringMVC的一些异同，通过梳理和旧知识的联系，让学习的成本变低，花很短的时间就可以了解一门貌似新的技术，其实本质没变。

原文http://langgufu.iteye.com/blog/2088355

下面开始实例，这个实例的需求是对用户信息进行增删改查。首先创建一个web项目test_ssh，目录结构及需要的Jar包如下图：

创建一个User实体类，放在Entity包下，采用注解的方式：

package com.tgb.entity;  
import javax.persistence.Column;  
import javax.persistence.Entity;  
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;  
import javax.persistence.Id;  
import javax.persistence.Table;  
 
import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator;  
 
@Entity 
@Table(name="T_USER")  
public class User {  
 
 @Id 
 @GeneratedValue(generator="system-uuid")  
 @GenericGenerator(name = "system-uuid",strategy="uuid")  
 @Column(length=32)  
 private String id;  
 
 @Column(length=32)  
 private String userName;  
 
 @Column(length=32)  
 private String age;  
 
 public String getId() {  
 return id;  
    }  
 
 public void setId(String id) {  
 this.id = id;  
    }  
 
 public String getUserName() {  
 return userName;  
    }  
 
 public void setUserName(String userName) {  
 this.userName = userName;  
    }  
 
 public String getAge() {  
 return age;  
    }  
 
 public void setAge(String age) {  
 this.age = age;  
    }  
}

本篇关于SpringMVC基本都会采用注解的方式，首先配置好数据源以及事务spring-common.xml，放在config.spring包下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
 xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> 
 
 <!-- 配置数据源 --> 
 <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource" > 
 <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property> 
 <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost/test_ssh"></property> 
 <property name="username" value="root"></property> 
 <property name="password" value="1"></property> 
 </bean> 
 
 <!-- 配置SessionFactory --> 
 <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> 
 <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> 
 <property name="hibernateProperties"> 
 <props> 
 <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop> 
 <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop> 
 <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> 
 <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop> 
 </props> 
 </property> 
 <property name="annotatedClasses"> 
 <list> 
 <value>com.tgb.entity.User</value> 
 </list> 
 </property> 
 </bean> 
 
 <!-- 配置一个事务管理器 --> 
 <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager"> 
 <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/> 
 </bean> 
 
 <!-- 配置事务，使用代理的方式 --> 
 <bean id="transactionProxy" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean" abstract="true"> 
 <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"></property> 
 <property name="transactionAttributes"> 
 <props> 
 <prop key="add*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop> 
 <prop key="modify*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-myException</prop> 
 <prop key="del*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> 
 <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> 
 </props> 
 </property> 
 </bean> 
</beans>

然后配置关于SpringMVC的内容，下面配置中都有注释说明，就不再赘述，spring-mvc.xml放在config.spring包下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
 xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd"> 
 
 <!-- 注解扫描包 --> 
 <context:component-scan base-package="com.tgb" /> 
 
 <!-- 开启注解 --> 
 <mvc:annotation-driven /> 
 
 <!-- 静态资源(js/image)的访问 --> 
 <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/> 
 
 <!-- 定义视图解析器 --> 
 <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> 
 <property name="prefix" value="/"></property> 
 <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property> 
 </bean> 
</beans>

完成这些共用的配置之后，来配置web项目起点web.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> 
 <display-name>json_test</display-name> 
 <welcome-file-list> 
 <welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file> 
 </welcome-file-list> 
 
 <!-- 加载所有的配置文件 --> 
 <context-param> 
 <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> 
 <param-value>classpath*:config/spring/spring-*.xml</param-value> 
 </context-param> 
 
 <!-- 配置Spring监听 --> 
 <listener> 
 <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> 
 </listener> 
 
 <!-- 配置SpringMVC --> 
 <servlet> 
 <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> 
 <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> 
 <init-param> 
 <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> 
 <param-value>classpath*:config/spring/spring-mvc.xml</param-value> 
 </init-param> 
 <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> 
 </servlet> 
 <servlet-mapping> 
 <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> 
 <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> 
 </servlet-mapping> 
 
 <!-- 配置字符集 --> 
 <filter> 
 <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> 
 <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> 
 <init-param> 
 <param-name>encoding</param-name> 
 <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> 
 </init-param> 
 <init-param> 
 <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name> 
 <param-value>true</param-value> 
 </init-param> 
 </filter> 
 <filter-mapping> 
 <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> 
 <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> 
 </filter-mapping> 
 
 <!-- 配置Session --> 
 <filter> 
 <filter-name>openSession</filter-name> 
 <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class> 
 </filter> 
 <filter-mapping> 
 <filter-name>openSession</filter-name> 
 <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> 
 </filter-mapping> 
</web-app>

读者需自行下载jquery包，放到webContent文件夹下的js包下。然后创建几个测试页面，分别如下：

<h5><a href="/test_ssh/user/getAllUser">进入用户管理页</a></h5>

Index.jsp，用户管理的主界面

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" 
 pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> 
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %> 
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> 
<html> 
<head> 
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/jquery-1.7.1.js"></script> 
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> 
<title>Insert title here</title> 
<script type="text/javascript"> 
    function del(id){  
        $.get("/test_ssh/user/delUser?id=" + id,function(data){  
            if("success" == data.result){  
                alert("删除成功");  
                window.location.reload();  
            }else{  
                alert("删除失败");  
            }  
        });  
    }  
</script> 
</head> 
<body> 
 <h6><a href="/test_ssh/user/toAddUser">添加用户</a></h6> 
 <table border="1"> 
 <tbody> 
 <tr> 
 <th>姓名</th> 
 <th>年龄</th> 
 <th>操作</th> 
 </tr> 
 <c:if test="${!empty userList }"> 
 <c:forEach items="${userList }" var="user"> 
 <tr> 
 <td>${user.userName }</td> 
 <td>${user.age }</td> 
 <td> 
 <a href="/test_ssh/user/getUser?id=${user.id }">编辑</a> 
 <a href="javascript:del('${user.id }')">删除</a> 
 </td> 
 </tr> 
 </c:forEach> 
 </c:if> 
 </tbody> 
 </table> 
</body> 
</html>

addUser.jsp，添加用户界面

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" 
 pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> 
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> 
<html> 
<head> 
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> 
<title>Insert title here</title> 
<script type="text/javascript"> 
    function addUser(){  
        var form = document.forms[0];  
 form.action = "/test_ssh/user/addUser";  
 form.method="post";  
        form.submit();  
    }  
</script> 
</head> 
<body> 
 <h1>添加用户</h1> 
 <form action="" name="userForm"> 
        姓名：<input type="text" name="userName"> 
        年龄：<input type="text" name="age"> 
 <input type="button" value="添加" onclick="addUser()"> 
 </form> 
</body> 
</html>

editUser.jsp，修改用户信息界面。

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" 
 pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> 
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %> 
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> 
<html> 
<head> 
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/jquery-1.7.1.js"></script> 
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> 
<title>Insert title here</title> 
</head> 
<body> 
 <h1>编辑用户</h1> 
 <form action="/test_ssh/user/updateUser" name="userForm" method="post"> 
 <input type="hidden" name="id" value="${user.id }"> 
        姓名：<input type="text" name="userName" value="${user.userName }"> 
        年龄：<input type="text" name="age" value="${user.age }"> 
 <input type="submit" value="编辑" > 
 </form> 
</body> 
</html>

还有success.jsp和error.jsp页面，无代码，就不再展示。

框架越来越多，越来越好用，但随之而来的繁杂的、各成体系的配置怎么办？项目大了感觉注解靠谱些。

这篇接着上篇，把没贴完的代码写完，上篇主要完成了一些公共配置和界面的东西，这篇把后台的代码完成。

首先是web包下属于的control层的类UserController，这相当于Struts中的Action，是重要的类：

package com.tgb.web;  
import java.io.IOException;  
import java.io.PrintWriter;  
 
import javax.annotation.Resource;  
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;  
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;  
 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;  
 
import com.tgb.entity.User;  
import com.tgb.manager.UserManager;  
 
@Controller 
@RequestMapping("/user")  
public class UserController {  
 
 @Resource(name="userManager")  
 private UserManager userManager;  
 
 @RequestMapping("/getAllUser")  
 public String getAllUser(HttpServletRequest request){  
 
        request.setAttribute("userList", userManager.getAllUser());  
 
 return "/index";  
    }  
 
 @RequestMapping("/getUser")  
 public String getUser(String id,HttpServletRequest request){  
 
        request.setAttribute("user", userManager.getUser(id));  
 
 return "/editUser";  
    }  
 
 @RequestMapping("/toAddUser")  
 public String toAddUser(){  
 return "/addUser";  
    }  
 
 @RequestMapping("/addUser")  
 public String addUser(User user,HttpServletRequest request){  
 
        userManager.addUser(user);  
 
 return "redirect:/user/getAllUser";  
    }  
 
 @RequestMapping("/delUser")  
 public void delUser(String id,HttpServletResponse response){  
 
        String result = "{\"result\":\"error\"}";  
 
 if(userManager.delUser(id)){  
            result = "{\"result\":\"success\"}";  
        }  
 
        response.setContentType("application/json");  
 
 try {  
            PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();  
            out.write(result);  
        } catch (IOException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
    }  
 
 @RequestMapping("/updateUser")  
 public String updateUser(User user,HttpServletRequest request){  
 
 if(userManager.updateUser(user)){  
            user = userManager.getUser(user.getId());  
            request.setAttribute("user", user);  
 return "redirect:/user/getAllUser";  
        }else{  
 return "/error";  
        }  
    }  
}

然后是属于manager包下的业务逻辑类，接口UserManager：

package com.tgb.manager;  
import java.util.List;  
import com.tgb.entity.User;  
 
public interface UserManager {  
 
 public User getUser(String id);  
 
 public List<User> getAllUser();  
 
 public void addUser(User user);  
 
 public boolean delUser(String id);  
 
 public boolean updateUser(User user);  
}

实现类UserManagerImpl：

package com.tgb.manager;  
 
import java.util.List;  
 
import com.tgb.dao.UserDao;  
import com.tgb.entity.User;  
 
public class UserManagerImpl implements UserManager {  
 
 private UserDao userDao;  
 
 public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {  
 this.userDao = userDao;  
    }  
 
 @Override 
 public User getUser(String id) {  
 return userDao.getUser(id);  
    }  
 
 @Override 
 public List<User> getAllUser() {  
 return userDao.getAllUser();  
    }  
 
 @Override 
 public void addUser(User user) {  
        userDao.addUser(user);  
    }  
 
 @Override 
 public boolean delUser(String id) {  
 
 return userDao.delUser(id);  
    }  
 
 @Override 
 public boolean updateUser(User user) {  
 return userDao.updateUser(user);  
    }  
 
}

最后是属于dao包底下的DAO层，主要由Hibernate完成。接口UserDao：

package com.tgb.dao;  
 
import java.util.List;  
 
import com.tgb.entity.User;  
 
public interface UserDao {  
 
 public User getUser(String id);  
 
 public List<User> getAllUser();  
 
 public void addUser(User user);  
 
 public boolean delUser(String id);  
 
 public boolean updateUser(User user);  
}

实现类UserDaoImpl：

package com.tgb.dao;  
import java.util.List;  
 
import org.hibernate.Query;  
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;  
 
import com.tgb.entity.User;  
 
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {  
 
 private SessionFactory sessionFactory;  
 
 public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {  
 this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;  
    }  
 
 @Override 
 public User getUser(String id) {  
 
        String hql = "from User u where u.id=?";  
        Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql);  
        query.setString(0, id);  
 
 return (User)query.uniqueResult();  
    }  
 
 @Override 
 public List<User> getAllUser() {  
 
        String hql = "from User";  
        Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql);  
 
 return query.list();  
    }  
 
 @Override 
 public void addUser(User user) {  
        sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().save(user);  
    }  
 
 @Override 
 public boolean delUser(String id) {  
 
        String hql = "delete User u where u.id = ?";  
        Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql);  
        query.setString(0, id);  
 
 return (query.executeUpdate() > 0);  
    }  
 
 @Override 
 public boolean updateUser(User user) {  
 
        String hql = "update User u set u.userName = ?,u.age=? where u.id = ?";  
        Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql);  
        query.setString(0, user.getUserName());  
        query.setString(1, user.getAge());  
        query.setString(2, user.getId());  
 
 return (query.executeUpdate() > 0);  
    }  
 
}

最后外加一个配置spring-beans.xml，放在config.spring包下，负责为各层依赖注入需要的对象：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
 xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> 
 
 <bean id="userDao" class="com.tgb.dao.UserDaoImpl"> 
 <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property> 
 </bean> 
 
 <bean id="userManagerBase" class="com.tgb.manager.UserManagerImpl"> 
 <property name="userDao" ref="userDao"></property> 
 </bean> 
 
 <!-- 此处为代理 --> 
 <bean name="userManager" parent="transactionProxy"> 
 <property name="target" ref="userManagerBase"></property> 
 </bean> 
</beans>

到此为止，所有的配置和代码完成

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原始发表：2016-09-25 ，如有侵权请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除

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