MongoDB 是一个基于分布式文件存储的数据库。由 C++ 语言编写。旨在为 WEB 应用提供可扩展的高性能数据存储解决方案。
MongoDB 是一个介于关系数据库和非关系数据库之间的产品,是非关系数据库当中功能最丰富,最像关系数据库的。
关系型数据库最典型的数据结构是表,由二维表及其之间的联系所组成的一个数据组织
优点:
缺点:
非关系型数据库严格上不是一种数据库,应该是一种数据结构化存储方法的集合,可以是文档或者键值对等。
优点:
缺点:
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本文假设你已经引入Spring必备的一切了,已经是个Spring项目了,如果不会搭建,可以打开这篇文章看一看《Spring和Spring Mvc 5整合详解》。
使用Mongodb需要引入spring-data-mongodb。
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<project
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"
xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>cn.pomit</groupId>
<artifactId>SpringWork</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>Mongodb</artifactId>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>Mongodb</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<!-- redis 版本 -->
<mongodb.version>2.1.8.RELEASE</mongodb.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-data-mongodb</artifactId>
<version>${mongodb.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--log4j-core -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- log4j-web -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>Mongodb</finalName>
</build>
</project>
父模块可以在https://www.pomit.cn/spring/SpringWork/pom.xml获取。
需要配置mongodb地址登信息、mongoTemplate和mongo:repositories 。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mongo="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo/spring-mongo.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="annotationPropertyConfigurerMongodb"
class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="order" value="1" />
<property name="ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders" value="true" />
<property name="locations">
<list>
<value>classpath:mongodb.properties</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<mongo:mongo-client host="${mongodb.host}" port="${mongodb.port}">
<mongo:client-options connections-per-host="8"
threads-allowed-to-block-for-connection-multiplier="4"
connect-timeout="1000" max-wait-time="1500" socket-keep-alive="true"
socket-timeout="1500" />
</mongo:mongo-client>
<bean id="mongoTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate">
<constructor-arg ref="mongoClient" />
<constructor-arg name="databaseName" value="${mongodb.dbName}" />
</bean>
<mongo:repositories base-package="cn.pomit.springwork.mongodb.dao" />
</beans>
mongodb.properties中存放mongodb的地址端口信息和数据库名称。
mongodb.properties:
mongodb.host=localhost
mongodb.port=27017
mongodb.dbName=pomit
我们直接使用Spring-data-mongodb, 一切都会变的特别简单。Spring-data-mongodb支持快速查询。
UserAddationDao:
package cn.pomit.springwork.mongodb.dao;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.repository.MongoRepository;
import cn.pomit.springwork.mongodb.model.User;
public interface UserAddationDao extends MongoRepository<User, Long> {
User findByName(String name);
}
这个写法和Spring-data-jpa基本上一样,应该说Spring-data系列的写法都是类同的。
**注意,User实体需要加上@Document注解指明mongodb中的collection。
我们可以新建一个service来使用上面的MongoRepository。
UserAddationService :
package cn.pomit.springwork.mongodb.service;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import cn.pomit.springwork.mongodb.dao.UserAddationDao;
import cn.pomit.springwork.mongodb.model.User;
/**
* 第二种方式
*
* @author fufei
*
*/
@Service
public class UserAddationService {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserAddationService.class);
@Autowired
private UserAddationDao userAddationDao;
/**
* 保存对象
*
* @param book
* @return
*/
public String save(User user) {
logger.info("--------------------->[MongoDB save start]");
user.setRegisterTime(new Date());
userAddationDao.save(user);
return "添加成功";
}
/**
* 查询所有
*
* @return
*/
public List<User> findAll() {
logger.info("--------------------->[MongoDB find start]");
return userAddationDao.findAll();
}
/***
* 根据id查询
*
* @param id
* @return
*/
public User getUserById(Long id) {
logger.info("--------------------->[MongoDB find start]");
return userAddationDao.findById(id).orElse(null);
}
/**
* 根据名称查询
*
* @param name
* @return
*/
public User getUserByName(String name) {
logger.info("--------------------->[MongoDB find start]");
return userAddationDao.findByName(name);
}
/**
* 更新对象
*
* @param book
* @return
*/
public String update(User user) {
logger.info("--------------------->[MongoDB update start]");
userAddationDao.save(user);
return "success";
}
/***
* 删除对象
*
* @param book
* @return
*/
public String deleteUser(User user) {
logger.info("--------------------->[MongoDB delete start]");
userAddationDao.delete(user);
return "success";
}
}
package cn.pomit.springwork.mongodb.web;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import cn.pomit.springwork.mongodb.model.User;
import cn.pomit.springwork.mongodb.service.UserAddationService;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/mongo2")
public class MongodbAddationRest {
@Autowired
UserAddationService userService;
@PostMapping("/save")
public String saveObj(@RequestBody User user) {
return userService.save(user);
}
@GetMapping("/findAll")
public List<User> findAll() {
return userService.findAll();
}
@GetMapping("/findOne")
public User findOne(@RequestParam Long id) {
return userService.getUserById(id);
}
@GetMapping("/findOneByName")
public User findOneByName(@RequestParam String name) {
return userService.getUserByName(name);
}
@PostMapping("/update")
public String update(@RequestBody User user) {
User existUser = userService.getUserById(user.getId());
if (existUser == null) {
existUser = user;
} else {
if (user.getAge() != null) {
existUser.setAge(user.getAge());
}
if (user.getPassword() != null) {
existUser.setPassword(user.getPassword());
}
if (user.getName() != null) {
existUser.setName(user.getName());
}
if (user.getPhone() != null) {
existUser.setPhone(user.getPhone());
}
if (user.getRegisterTime() != null) {
existUser.setRegisterTime(user.getRegisterTime());
}
if (user.getUsername() != null) {
existUser.setUsername(user.getUsername());
}
}
return userService.update(existUser);
}
@PostMapping("/delOne")
public String delOne(@RequestBody User user) {
return userService.deleteUser(user);
}
}
下面是另一种操作mongodb的方式。
使用MongoTemplate,我们可以不需要建dao这一层,在业务逻辑中直接使用MongoTemplate进行数据访问。
UserService :
package cn.pomit.springwork.mongodb.service;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Criteria;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Query;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Update;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import cn.pomit.springwork.mongodb.model.User;
/**
* 第一种方式
* @author fufei
*
*/
@Service
public class UserService {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserService.class);
@Autowired
private MongoTemplate mongoTemplate;
/**
* 保存对象
*
* @param book
* @return
*/
public String save(User user) {
logger.info("--------------------->[MongoDB save start]");
user.setRegisterTime(new Date());
mongoTemplate.save(user);
return "添加成功";
}
/**
* 查询所有
*
* @return
*/
public List<User> findAll() {
logger.info("--------------------->[MongoDB find start]");
return mongoTemplate.findAll(User.class);
}
/***
* 根据id查询
*
* @param id
* @return
*/
public User getUserById(Long id) {
logger.info("--------------------->[MongoDB find start]");
Query query = new Query(Criteria.where("_id").is(id));
return mongoTemplate.findOne(query, User.class);
}
/**
* 根据名称查询
*
* @param name
* @return
*/
public User getUserByName(String name) {
logger.info("--------------------->[MongoDB find start]");
Query query = new Query(Criteria.where("name").is(name));
return mongoTemplate.findOne(query, User.class);
}
/**
* 更新对象
*
* @param book
* @return
*/
public String update(User user) {
logger.info("--------------------->[MongoDB update start]");
Query query = new Query(Criteria.where("_id").is(user.getId()));
Update update = new Update().set("password", user.getPassword()).set("age", user.getAge()).set("phone",
user.getPhone());
// updateFirst 更新查询返回结果集的第一条
mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query, update, User.class);
return "success";
}
/***
* 删除对象
*
* @param book
* @return
*/
public String deleteUser(User user) {
logger.info("--------------------->[MongoDB delete start]");
mongoTemplate.remove(user);
return "success";
}
}
MongodbRest :
package cn.pomit.springwork.mongodb.web;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import cn.pomit.springwork.mongodb.model.User;
import cn.pomit.springwork.mongodb.service.UserService;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/mongo")
public class MongodbRest {
@Autowired
UserService userService;
@PostMapping("/save")
public String saveObj(@RequestBody User user) {
return userService.save(user);
}
@GetMapping("/findAll")
public List<User> findAll() {
return userService.findAll();
}
@GetMapping("/findOne")
public User findOne(@RequestParam Long id) {
return userService.getUserById(id);
}
@GetMapping("/findOneByName")
public User findOneByName(@RequestParam String name) {
return userService.getUserByName(name);
}
@PostMapping("/update")
public String update(@RequestBody User user) {
return userService.update(user);
}
@PostMapping("/delOne")
public String delOne(@RequestBody User user) {
return userService.deleteUser(user);
}
}
User :
package cn.pomit.springwork.mongodb.model;
import java.util.Date;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.mapping.Document;
@Document(collection="user")
public class User {
@Id
private Long id;
private String username;
private String password;
private Date registerTime;
private String phone;
private String name;
private String sex;
private Integer age;
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public String getPhone() {
return phone;
}
public void setPhone(String phone) {
this.phone = phone;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public Date getRegisterTime() {
return registerTime;
}
public void setRegisterTime(Date registerTime) {
this.registerTime = registerTime;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}