iOS——调试工具LLDB学习

<command> [<subcommand> [<subcommand>...]] <action> [-options [option-value]] [argument [argument...]]

(lldb) help
Debugger commands:
  apropos           -- List debugger commands related to a word or subject.
  breakpoint        -- Commands for operating on breakpoints (see 'help b' for
                       shorthand.)
  bugreport         -- Commands for creating domain-specific bug reports.
  command           -- Commands for managing custom LLDB commands.
  disassemble       -- Disassemble specified instructions in the current
                       target.  Defaults to the current function for the
                       current thread and stack frame.
  expression        -- Evaluate an expression on the current thread.  Displays
                       any returned value with LLDB's default formatting.
  frame             -- Commands for selecting and examing the current thread's
                       stack frames.
  gdb-remote        -- Connect to a process via remote GDB server.  If no host
                       is specifed, localhost is assumed.
  gui               -- Switch into the curses based GUI mode.
  help              -- Show a list of all debugger commands, or give details
                       about a specific command.
......

(lldb) help expression
     Evaluate an expression on the current thread.  Displays any returned value
     with LLDB's default formatting.  Expects 'raw' input (see 'help
     raw-input'.)

Syntax: expression <cmd-options> -- <expr>

Command Options Usage:
  expression [-AFLORTgp] [-f <format>] [-G <gdb-format>] [-a <boolean>] [-i <boolean>] [-t <unsigned-integer>] [-u <boolean>] [-l <source-language>] [-X <boolean>] [-v[<description-verbosity>]] [-j <boolean>] [-d <none>] [-S <boolean>] [-D <count>] [-P <count>] [-Y[<count>]] [-V <boolean>] [-Z <count>] -- <expr>
  expression [-AFLORTgp] [-a <boolean>] [-i <boolean>] [-t <unsigned-integer>] [-u <boolean>] [-l <source-language>] [-X <boolean>] [-j <boolean>] [-d <none>] [-S <boolean>] [-D <count>] [-P <count>] [-Y[<count>]] [-V <boolean>] [-Z <count>] -- <expr>
  expression [-r] -- <expr>
  expression <expr>

       -A ( --show-all-children )
            Ignore the upper bound on the number of children to show.

       -D <count> ( --depth <count> )
            Set the max recurse depth when dumping aggregate types (default is
            infinity).

。。。。。。

Examples:

    expr my_struct->a = my_array[3]
    expr -f bin -- (index * 8) + 5
    expr unsigned int $foo = 5
    expr char c[] = \"foo\"; c[0]
     
     Important Note: Because this command takes 'raw' input, if you use any
     command options you must use ' -- ' between the end of the command options
     and the beginning of the raw input.

expression <cmd-options> -- <expr>

//<cmd-options>：命令选项，一般情况下使用默认的即可，不需要特别标明。
//--: 命令选项结束符，表示所有的命令选项已经设置完毕，如果没有命令选项，--可以省略
//<expr>: 要执行的表达式

// 改变颜色
 (lldb) expression -- self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor]
 // 刷新界面
 (lldb) expression -- (void)[CATransaction flush]

(lldb) expression self.view
(UIView *) $0 = 0x00007f8ed7418480
(lldb) expression -- self.view
(UIView *) $1 = 0x00007f8ed7418480

(lldb) expression -- self.view
(UIView *) $5 = 0x00007fb2a40344a0
(lldb) p self.view
(UIView *) $6 = 0x00007fb2a40344a0
(lldb) print self.view
(UIView *) $7 = 0x00007fb2a40344a0
(lldb) call self.view
(UIView *) $8 = 0x00007fb2a40344a0
(lldb) e self.view
(UIView *) $9 = 0x00007fb2a40344a0

(lldb) expression -O -- self.view
<UIView: 0x7fb2a40344a0; frame = (0 0; 375 667); autoresize = W+H; layer = <CALayer: 0x7fb2a4018c80>>
(lldb) po self.view
<UIView: 0x7fb2a40344a0; frame = (0 0; 375 667); autoresize = W+H; layer = <CALayer: 0x7fb2a4018c80>>

thread backtrace [-c <count>] [-s <frame-index>] [-e <boolean>]

/*
   * thread backtrace后面跟的都是命令选项，实际上这些命令选项我们一般不需要使用。
    -c：设置打印堆栈的帧数(frame)
    -s：设置从哪个帧(frame)开始打印
    -e：是否显示额外的回溯
*/

(lldb) thread backtrace
* thread #1: tid = 0xdd42, 0x000000010afb380b libobjc.A.dylib`objc_msgSend + 11, queue = 'com.apple.main-thread', stop reason = EXC_BAD_ACCESS (code=EXC_I386_GPFLT)
    frame #0: 0x000000010afb380b libobjc.A.dylib`objc_msgSend + 11
  * frame #1: 0x000000010aa9f75e TLLDB`-[ViewController viewDidLoad](self=0x00007fa270e1f440, _cmd="viewDidLoad") + 174 at ViewController.m:23
    frame #2: 0x000000010ba67f98 UIKit`-[UIViewController loadViewIfRequired] + 1198
    frame #3: 0x000000010ba682e7 UIKit`-[UIViewController view] + 27
    frame #4: 0x000000010b93eab0 UIKit`-[UIWindow addRootViewControllerViewIfPossible] + 61
    frame #5: 0x000000010b93f199 UIKit`-[UIWindow _setHidden:forced:] + 282
    frame #6: 0x000000010b950c2e UIKit`-[UIWindow makeKeyAndVisible] + 42

thread return [<expr>]

(lldb) thread return NO

(lldb) frame variable
(ViewController *) self = 0x00007fa158526e60
(SEL) _cmd = "text:"
(BOOL) ret = YES
(int) a = 3

(lldb) frame variable self->_string
(NSString *) self->_string = nil

(lldb) frame info
frame #0: 0x0000000101bf87d5 TLLDB`-[ViewController text:](self=0x00007fa158526e60, _cmd="text:", ret=YES) + 37 at ViewController.m:38

(lldb) frame select 1
frame #1: 0x0000000101bf872e TLLDB`-[ViewController viewDidLoad](self=0x00007fa158526e60, _cmd="viewDidLoad") + 78 at ViewController.m:23
        
         - (void)viewDidLoad {
             [super viewDidLoad];
            [self text:YES];
            NSLog(@"1");
            NSLog(@"2");
            NSLog(@"3");

//我们想给所有类中的viewWillAppear:设置一个断点
(lldb) breakpoint set -n viewWillAppear:
    Breakpoint 13: 33 locations.

 //假设我们需要在ViewController的viewDidLoad中查看self.view的值 我们首先给-[ViewController viewDidLoad]添加一个断点
(lldb) breakpoint set -n "-[ViewController viewDidLoad]"
'breakpoint 3': where = TLLDB`-[ViewController viewDidLoad] + 20 at ViewController.m:23, address = 0x00000001055e6004
 
/*
    可以看到添加成功之后，这个breakpoint的id为3，然后我们给他增加一个命令：po self.view
    -o完整写法是--one-liner，表示增加一条命令。3表示对id为3的breakpoint增加命令。 添加完命令之后，每次程序执行到这个断点就可以自动打印出self.view的值了
*/
(lldb) breakpoint command add -o "po self.view" 3
 
/*
    如果我们一下子想增加多条命令，比如我想在viewDidLoad中打印当前frame的所有变量，但是我们不想让他中断，也就是在打印完成之后，需要继续执行。我们可以这样玩
    输入breakpoint command add 3对断点3增加命令。他会让你输入增加哪些命令，输入’DONE’表示结束。这时候你就可以输入多条命令了
*/
(lldb) breakpoint command add 3
Enter your debugger command(s).  Type 'DONE' to end.
> frame variable
> continue
> DONE

//我们查看一下刚刚的断点3已有的命令
(lldb) breakpoint command list 3
'breakpoint 3':
    Breakpoint commands:
      frame variable
      continue

//删除断点4
(lldb) breakpoint delete 4
1 breakpoints deleted; 0 breakpoint locations disabled.
 
//如果我们想删除所有断点，只需要不指定breakpoint delete参数即可
(lldb) breakpoint delete
About to delete all breakpoints, do you want to do that?: [Y/n] y
All breakpoints removed. (1 breakpoint)
 
//删除的时候他会提示你，是不是真的想删除所有断点，需要你再次输入Y确认。如果想直接删除，不需要他的提示，使用-f命令选项即可
(lldb) breakpoint delete -f
All breakpoints removed. (1 breakpoint)

(lldb) watchpoint set variable self->_string
Watchpoint created: Watchpoint 1: addr = 0x7fcf3959c418 size = 8 state = enabled type = w
    watchpoint spec = 'self->_string'
    new value: 0x0000000000000000

//我们先拿到_model的地址，然后对地址设置一个watchpoint
(lldb) p &_model
(Modek **) $3 = 0x00007fe0dbf23280
(lldb) watchpoint set expression 0x00007fe0dbf23280
Watchpoint created: Watchpoint 1: addr = 0x7fe0dbf23280 size = 8 state = enabled type = w
    new value: 0

//设置一个watchpoint
(lldb) watchpoint set variable _string
Watchpoint created: Watchpoint 1: addr = 0x7fe4e1444760 size = 8 state = enabled type = w
    watchpoint spec = '_string'
    new value: 0x0000000000000000
 
//可以看到这个watchpoint的id是1。我们可以用watchpoint command add -o添加单条命令
watchpoint command add -o 'bt' 1

//我们也可以一次添加多条命令
(lldb) watchpoint command add 1
Enter your debugger command(s).  Type 'DONE' to end.
> bt
> continue
> DONE