Oracle 19C的下载和安装部署（图形安装和静默安装）
Oracle 19C的下载和安装部署（图形安装和静默安装）
Oracle 19c的官网地址：
https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/19/ladbi/operating-system-checklist-for-oracle-database-installation-on-linux.html
Oracle Database 19c ，也就是12.2.0.3，最初在livesql.oracle.com上发布，是Oracle Database 12c和18c系列产品的最终版本，因此也是“长期支持”版本（以前称为“终端版本”）。 “长期支持”意味着Oracle Database 19c提供4年的高级支持（截止到2023年1月底）和至少3年的延长支持（截至2026年1月底）。 这个扩展的支持窗口对我们的很多客户至关重要，因为很多客户制定了相关的升级策略。有关最新的Oracle支持计划，请参阅My Oracle Support上的文档ID 742060.1。截止目前，Oracle Database 19c已经可以在Oracle数据库一体机上使用了。
Oracle12c版本的说明： Oracle12cR2=12.2.0.1 Oracle18C=12.2.0.2 Oracle19c=12.2.0.3
在MOS 官方文章：Release Schedule of Current Database Releases (文档 ID 742060.1) 上，可以清晰的看到Oracle的版本计划。
Oracle Database 19c 的目标
Oracle Database 19c 是大多数客户准备要升级的版本，Oracle已将 稳定性 作为此版本的核心目标。在Oracle Database 19c中，开发人员专注于修复已知问题，而不是添加新功能。 在数年内我们已有数百人和数千台服务器每天24小时的运行测试。测试包括数据库的核心、安装程序，再到组成产品的子程序及实用工具的堆栈等所有方面。目标只有一个，保证数据库的稳定性。真正的为客户带来实惠。
在Linux上安装Oracle Database 19c，需要OL7、RHEL7、SLES12及以上的更高版本。下面的内容来自官方文档
The following Linux x86-64 kernels are supported: Oracle Linux 7.4 with the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 4: 4.1.12-112.16.7.el7uek.x86_64 or later Oracle Linux 7.4 with the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 5: 4.14.35-1818.1.6.el7uek.x86_64 or later Oracle Linux 7.4 with the Red Hat Compatible kernel: 3.10.0-693.5.2.0.1.el7.x86_64 or later Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.4: 3.10.0-693.5.2.0.1.el7.x86_64 or later SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP3: 4.4.103-92.56-default or later
Oracle Enterprise Linux6和RedHat Linux6并没有出现在官方给的列表中。随着时间的推移，不只是要升级操作系统，还要升级数据库。要做好升级规划。要不后期就会有意想不到的问题。19c也就是12.2.0.3，是12c系列里面的终极版本，重在稳定！
一： Oracle19C 安装包下载
下载地址如下：
https://edelivery.oracle.com
选择安装包
同意
开始下载
二： Oracle19C 图形化界面 安装
......
这里可以自动跑root脚本，不需要在单独跑root了
[root@oracle-server001 19]# /u01/app/oracle19/product/19.2.0/db_1/root.sh
[oracle19@oracle-server001 db_1]$ netca
[oracle19@oracle-server001 db_1]$ dbca
静默部分 ：
Oracle 18c的db_home.zip安装包大概4.25G，解压后有 8.9G ，数据库软件安装完成后有 9.4G；而Oracle 19c（V981623-01-db.zip）安装包大概2.82G，解压后有6.5G ，数据库软件安装完成后有7G ，感觉比18c优化了很多，而且可以不需要单独执行root.sh脚本了。
从Oracle 18c开始，在安装数据库软件时，需要把压缩文件解压到 $ORACLE_HOME 路径下，在此目录下运行 ./runInstaller
创建用户oracle19：
/usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G oper,dba,asmdba,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba,racdba oracle19
passwd oracle19
mkdir -p /u19/app/oracle/product/19.2.0/dbhome_1
mkdir -p /u19/app/oraInventory
chown -R oracle19:oinstall /u19/app
创建环境变量：
vi .bash_profile
umask 022
export ORACLE_SID=lhr19c
export ORACLE_BASE=/u19/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19.2.0/dbhome_1
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS"
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$PATH
export EDITOR=vi
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export ORACLE_PATH=.:$ORACLE_BASE/dba_scripts/sql:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
export SQLPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/admin
#export NLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK" --AL32UTF8 SELECT userenv('LANGUAGE') db_NLS_LANG FROM DUAL;
export NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_CHINA.ZHS16GBK"
alias sqlplus='rlwrap sqlplus'
alias rman='rlwrap rman'
alias asmcmd='rlwrap asmcmd'
安装：
cd $ORACLE_HOME
unzip /V981623-01-db-19.2.0.0.0.zip
响应文件：$ORACLE_HOME/install/response/db_install.rsp
静默安装19c：
---静默安装 19c 数据库单机软件
/u19/app/oracle/product/19.2.0/dbhome_1/runInstaller -silent -force -noconfig -ignorePrereq \
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v19.0.0 \
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY \
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall \
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u19/app/oraInventory \
ORACLE_BASE=/u19/app/oracle \
ORACLE_HOME=/u19/app/oracle/product/19.2.0/dbhome_1 \
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE \
oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=oper \
oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=backupdba \
oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dgdba \
oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=kmdba \
oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=racdba \
oracle.install.db.rootconfig.executeRootScript=true \
oracle.install.db.rootconfig.configMethod=ROOT
静默方式创建FS存储方式的单实例（含一个PDB）：
dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName General_Purpose.dbc -responseFile NO_VALUE \
-gdbname lhr19c -sid lhr19c \
-createAsContainerDatabase TRUE \
-numberOfPDBs 1 \
-pdbName lhrpdb2 \
-pdbAdminPassword lhr \
-sysPassword lhr -systemPassword lhr \
-datafileDestination '/u01/app/oracle/oradata' \
-recoveryAreaDestination '/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area' \
-redoLogFileSize 50 \
-storageType FS \
-characterset AL32UTF8 -nationalCharacterSet AL16UTF16 \
-sampleSchema true \
-totalMemory 2048 \
-databaseType OLTP \
-emConfiguration NONE
执行过程：
[oracle19@rac18c-n1 dbhome_1]$ /u01/u19/app/oracle/product/19.2.0/dbhome_1/runInstaller -silent -force -noconfig -ignorePrereq \
> oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v19.0.0 \
> oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY \
> UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall \
> INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/u19/app/oraInventory \
> ORACLE_BASE=/u01/u19/app/oracle \
> ORACLE_HOME=/u01/u19/app/oracle/product/19.2.0/dbhome_1 \
> oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE \
> oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba \
> oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=oper \
> oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=backupdba \
> oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dgdba \
> oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=kmdba \
> oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=racdba \
> oracle.install.db.rootconfig.executeRootScript=true \
> oracle.install.db.rootconfig.configMethod=ROOT
Launching Oracle Database Setup Wizard...
Enter password for 'root' user:
[WARNING] [INS-13014] Target environment does not meet some optional requirements.
CAUSE: Some of the optional prerequisites are not met. See logs for details. /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/InstallActions2019-03-06_01-06-54PM/installActions2019-03-06_01-06-54PM.log
ACTION: Identify the list of failed prerequisite checks from the log: /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/InstallActions2019-03-06_01-06-54PM/installActions2019-03-06_01-06-54PM.log. Then either from the log file or from installation manual find the appropriate configuration to meet the prerequisites and fix it manually.
The response file for this session can be found at:
/u01/u19/app/oracle/product/19.2.0/dbhome_1/install/response/db_2019-03-06_01-06-54PM.rsp
You can find the log of this install session at:
/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/InstallActions2019-03-06_01-06-54PM/installActions2019-03-06_01-06-54PM.log
Successfully Setup Software with warning(s).
[oracle19@rac18c-n1 dbhome_1]$ dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName General_Purpose.dbc -responseFile NO_VALUE \
> -gdbname lhr19c -sid lhr19c \
> -createAsContainerDatabase TRUE \
> -numberOfPDBs 1 \
> -pdbName pdb2 \
> -pdbAdminPassword lhr \
> -sysPassword lhr -systemPassword lhr \
> -datafileDestination '/u01/app/oracle/oradata' \
> -recoveryAreaDestination '/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area' \
> -redoLogFileSize 50 \
> -storageType FS \
> -characterset AL32UTF8 -nationalCharacterSet AL16UTF16 \
> -sampleSchema true \
> -totalMemory 2048 \
> -databaseType OLTP \
> -emConfiguration NONE
[WARNING] [DBT-06208] The 'SYS' password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards.
CAUSE:
a. Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9].
b.The password entered is a keyword that Oracle does not recommend to be used as password
ACTION: Specify a strong password. If required refer Oracle documentation for guidelines.
[WARNING] [DBT-06208] The 'SYSTEM' password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards.
CAUSE:
a. Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9].
b.The password entered is a keyword that Oracle does not recommend to be used as password
ACTION: Specify a strong password. If required refer Oracle documentation for guidelines.
[WARNING] [DBT-06208] The 'PDBADMIN' password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards.
CAUSE:
a. Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9].
b.The password entered is a keyword that Oracle does not recommend to be used as password
ACTION: Specify a strong password. If required refer Oracle documentation for guidelines.
Prepare for db operation
8% complete
Copying database files
31% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
32% complete
36% complete
40% complete
43% complete
46% complete
Completing Database Creation
51% complete
53% complete
54% complete
Creating Pluggable Databases
58% complete
77% complete
Executing Post Configuration Actions
100% complete
Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at:
/u01/u19/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/lhr19c.
Database Information:
Global Database Name:lhr19c
System Identifier(SID):lhr19c
Look at the log file "/u01/u19/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/lhr19c/lhr19c1.log" for further details.
据说，19c可以这样连接数据库：
[oracle19@rac18c-n1 bin]$ sqlplus system/lhr@192.168.20.10:1521,192.168.20.12:1521/lhr19c?connect_timeout=60
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Wed Mar 6 13:56:20 2019
Version 19.2.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2018, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Last Successful login time: Wed Mar 06 2019 13:56:05 +08:00
Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.2.0.0.0
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> col BANNER_FULL format a80
SQL> select BANNER_FULL,CON_ID from v$version;
BANNER_FULL CON_ID
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production 0
Version 19.2.0.0.0
SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> show pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 PDB2 READ WRITE NO
1、经过测试，Oracle 19c 可以在CentOS 7.3环境上安装，但是在RHEL6.5上不能安装
2、在安装过程中可以设置root.sh脚本自动执行