网站搭建-django-06-settings设置

zishendianxia

发布于 2019-10-23 17:49:02

5840

发布于 2019-10-23 17:49:02

文章被收录于专栏：Python工程师Python工程师

系统：Windows 7 语言版本：Anaconda3-4.3.0.1-Windows-x86_64 编辑器：pycharm-community-2016.3.2

本系列介绍如何搭建一个网站，后端使用django框架
今天讲讲如何在settings进行一些常用的设置

settings位置：A02-A02-settings.py

Part 1：app路径设

如前文所说，我们新建了两个包apps，extra_apps，一个用来放自建App，一个用来放一些开源的App，目前还没有用过。需要在settings增加对应的位置信息

sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'apps'))
sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'extra_apps'))

Part 2：可访问主体设置

为了让所有人都可以访问你的网站，需要设置如下

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']

Part 3：App注册

新建的App需要在settings注册

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'homepage',
]

Part 4：模板路径设置

html文件路径设置

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

Part 5：数据库设置

django默认使用sqlite作为数据库，对于稍微大一点的网站，建议使用Mysql。根据自己的数据库修改数据库名字和密码

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'DBNAME',
        'USER': 'root',
        'PASSWORD': 'XXXX',
        'HOST': '127.0.0.1'
    }
}

Part 6：系统语言和时区设置

设置语言为汉语，时区调整到中国

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'

TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = False

Part 7：静态文件和媒体文件设置

设置静态文件夹位置，及媒体文件夹位置

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

STATICFILES_DIRS = (os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static"),)

MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media').replace('\\', '/')     # 设置静态文件路径为主目录下的media文件夹
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'

Ps：为什么要这么设置呢？大概说了一下原因，欢迎指正

Settings全篇

"""
Django settings for A02 project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 2.1.4.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ref/settings/
"""

import os
import sys

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'apps'))
sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'extra_apps'))


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'secret'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'homepage',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'A02.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'A02.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'DBNAME',
        'USER': 'root',
        'PASSWORD': 'XXXX',
        'HOST': '127.0.0.1'
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'

TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = False


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

STATICFILES_DIRS = (os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static"),)

MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media').replace('\\', '/')     # 设置静态文件路径为主目录下的media文件夹
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'

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原始发表：2019-07-13，如有侵权请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除

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