centos6.8使用外网yum源

在数据中心内是不允许直接连外网的，上外网需要通过代理。那么如何使用外网YUM源呢？ 1、设置/etc/profile 在最后添加两行： http_proxy=代理的IP:端口 export http_proxy 然后保存 source /etc/profile

2、配置/etc/yum.conf文件 里面加一句 proxy=代理的IP:端口 然后保存

3、下载外网的yum源repo文件

例如：下载国内网易对应版本repo文件 wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo

把文件拷贝到/etc/yum.repos.d目录下

检查这个repo文件，修改如下两处

enabled=1 #将原本的0改成1 gpgcheck=0 #将原本的1改成0

4、运行以下命令生成缓存

yum clean all

yum makecache

5、然后就可以用了

当然也可以直接修改repo文件

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

[base] name=CentOS-$releasever - Base #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#released updates [updates] name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#additional packages that may be useful [extras] name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages [centosplus] name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#contrib - packages by Centos Users [contrib] name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

[root@bastion-IDC ~]# yum clean all [root@bastion-IDC ~]# yum makecache //将服务器上的软件包信息缓存到本地,以提高搜索安装软件的速度 [root@bastion-IDC ~]# yum update //更新系统

依照上面操作后，yum源就更换成网易的了，并能正常使用。

要特别注意的是：如果要想CentOS使用yum update更新时不升级内核，方法如下： [root@bastion-IDC ~]# cp /etc/yum.conf /etc/yum.confbak 方法一）修改yum的配置文件 [root@bastion-IDC ~]# vim /etc/yum.conf 在[main]的最后添加 exclude=kernel*

方法二）直接在yum的命令后面加上如下的参数： [root@bastion-IDC ~]# yum --exclude=kernel* update

如果要更换成阿里云的yum源，只需要将/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo内容替换成下面内容即可，然后yum clean all、yum makecache、yum update

[base] name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com failovermethod=priority baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/ http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#released updates [updates] name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com failovermethod=priority baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/ http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#additional packages that may be useful [extras] name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com failovermethod=priority baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/ http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages [centosplus] name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com failovermethod=priority baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/ http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#contrib - packages by Centos Users [contrib] name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - mirrors.aliyun.com failovermethod=priority baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/ http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

[root@bastion-IDC ~]# yum clean all [root@bastion-IDC ~]# yum makecache 如果出现下面报错： https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] PYCURL ERROR 22 - "The requested URL returned error: 404 Not Found"

原因分析： $releasever这个变量在CentOS-Base.repo文件中没有被识别出来。可以去aliyun的镜像官网上查看下正确地址：

centos6.8使用外网yum源

即正确地址是：https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/6.9/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml 解决办法：将$releasever换成6.9 [root@bastion-IDC ~]# sed -i 's/$releasever/6.9/g' CentOS-Base.repo