本文作者:guoweiye,腾讯 PCG 开发工程师
很多人都说 Mac 比 Windows 更适合做开发,那关键是要把 Mac 配置好,下面就来和大家分享一下如何从零开始把一台新 Mackbook 打造成开发利器。
一、基本设置 升级操作系统(macOS Mojave 10.14.3) 关闭菜单栏效果, 减少资源占用和产生的热量 系统偏好设置/辅助功能/显示, 勾选 (减弱动态效果、减少透明度)
配置睡眠保护 系统偏好设置/安全性与隐私/通用, 勾选(进入睡眠或开始保护程序 立即
要求输入密码)
配置触发角 系统偏好设置/屏幕保护程序/触发角, 选择(右上桌面,左下启动台,右下启动屏幕保护)
二、工具安装 Xcode Command Line Tools xcode-select --install
Homebrew # 这里必须设置 代理地址,否则无法安装brew
/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install
复制
brew cask list brew 安装常用工具 brew cask 安装常用工具 其他工具
三、其他配置 设置 iterm2 iterm2 配色官网
iterm2 > preference > profiles > colors > Color Presets > solarized dark 2.安装 zsh,oh-my-zsh
# 安装 zsh 及 补全
brew install zsh zsh-completions
# 安装 oh-my-zsh
curl -L https://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/raw/master/tools/install.sh | sh
# 编辑 /etc/shells
sudo vim /etc/shells
# 添加 zsh
/usr/local/bin/zsh
# 修改默认shell
sudo chsh -s /usr/local/bin/zsh
# 将环境变量移到~/.env.sh
vim ~/.zshrc
# 设置主题
ZSH_THEME=pygmalion
# 设置插件
plugins=(git colored-man colorize github jira vagrant virtualenv pip python brew osx zsh-syntax-highlighting)
# ls 配色生效
unset LSCOLORS
export CLICOLOR=1
export CLICOLOR_FORCE=1
# 生效
source ~/.env.sh
复制
3. solarized 主题配色
# clone 之
git clone https://github.com/altercation/solarized
# 配置 vim 主题
cd solarized/vim-colors-solarized/
mkdir -p ~/.vim/colors
cp colors/solarized.vim ~/.vim/colors/
# 配置 vim
vim ~/.vimrc
syntax on
set background=dark
colorscheme solarized
set backspace=2
复制
4. vscode 配置命令行中打开
Open the Command Palette ( ⇧⌘ P) and type 'shell command' to find the Shell Command: Install 'code' command in PATH command.
vscode 插件安装 Chinese language pack(中文语言包) markdownlint(markdown格式检查器) atom one dark theme(ATOM 风格主题) one dark pro(主题) material theme(主题) vscode-icons(图标) python(vscode python扩展包) go(go 扩展包) 6. vscode shell 选择,zsh
首选项/设置, 搜索 terminal.integrated.shell.osx ,设置值为 /usr/local/bin/zsh
vscode python 解释器选择 ⇧⌘P, 搜索 select interpreter ,选择一个 env-3.6.8
vscode python lint 安装,选择 pylint 即可 vscode python 自动格式化 "python.formatting.provider": "black"
python 开发工具
四、 python 环境 pyenv 安装
# 安装 pyenv 参考, http://einverne.github.io/post/2017/04/pyenv.html curl -L https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv-installer/raw/master/bin/pyenv-installer | bash # 添加环境变量 vim ~/.zshrc export PATH="/.pyenv/bin:<annotation encoding="application style="font-size: inherit;line-height: 1.75;color: rgb(80, 161, 79);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;" span="" class="hljs-string" encoding=""application"><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.08125em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">H<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">O<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.10903em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">M<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E/.<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">p<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">y<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">n<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">v/<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">b<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">i<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">n<span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">:PATH" eval "¨E45E)"eval"(pyenv init -)" eval "</span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.10903em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.08125em;"></span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"></annotation encoding="application><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">p<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">y<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">n<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">v<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">i<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">n<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">i<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">t¨<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E45<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E)"<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">v<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">a<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">l"(pyenv virtualenv-init -)" # 常用命令 # 查看可用版本 pyenv install -l # 安装 python2 最新版本 pyenv install 2.7.16 # 安装报错 ERROR: The Python zlib extension was not compiled. Missing the zlib? https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv/wiki/common-build-problems brew install readline xz # When running Mojave or higher (10.14+) you will also need to install the additional SDK headers by downloading them from Apple Developers. You can also check under /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Packages/ as some versions of Mac OS will have the pkg locally. sudo installer -pkg /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Packages/macOS_SDK_headers_for_macOS_10.14.pkg -target / # 安装 python3 最新版本 3.7.2 # 报错 ERROR: The Python ssl extension was not compiled. Missing the OpenSSL lib? # https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv/issues/1184#issuecomment-409320318 CONFIGURE_OPTS="--with-openssl=$(brew --prefix openssl)" pyenv install 3.7.2 # 安装 python 3.6 ,tf 支持的最新版本 pyenv install 3.6.8 # 安装 python2 最新版 2.7.16 pyenv install 2.7.16 # 创建虚拟环境 pyenv virtualenv 3.6.4 env-3.6.4 # 激活虚拟环境 pyenv activate env-3.6.4 # 退出虚拟环境 pyenv deactivate </span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"> 创建 pip 配置文件
# 创建 pip 配置目录 mkdir ~/.pip # 编辑配置 vim ~/.pip/.pip.conf # 添加以下内容 [list] format=columns [global] download_cache = ~/.cache/pip index-url = http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/ [install] trusted-host=mirrors.aliyun.com
五、数据库安装 数据库安装
通过 brew service 管理此类后台任务
brew tap homebrew/services brew services start mysql brew services restart mysql brew services list brew services cleanup # 通过界面管理后台服务 brew cask install launchrocket
六、参考 主要参考