Docker4-docker私库的搭建及常用方法-docker-registry方式

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发布于 2019-12-13 12:29:40

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发布于 2019-12-13 12:29:40

文章被收录于专栏：Java帮帮-微信公众号-技术文章全总结Java帮帮-微信公众号-技术文章全总结

一、简单介绍

前面已经介绍，可以使用Docker Hub公共仓库，但是大多数情况企业都需要创建一个本地仓库供自己使用。这里介绍几种搭建私库的方法

私库的好处有几点

节约带宽
可以自己定制系统
更加安全

二、我知道的几种方法

1.利用官方提供的工具docker-registry来配置私库

官方提供的镜像，注意这个工具是个镜像，直接下载并使用registry镜像启动docker实例就可以了

2.利用Harbor-Registry，来搭建私库

Harbor是一个用于存储Docker镜像的企业级Registry服务

三、通过官方docker-registry来配置私库

1.环境

docker私库地址：192.168.216.51 web1

docker服务器地址：192.168.216.52 web2，此节点使用私库服务器来pull/push镜像

2.拓扑

备注：这里docker hub 就是私库

docker engine ：前面原理篇有介绍，是docker架构中的运行引擎，同时也Docker运行的核心模块。它扮演Docker container存储仓库的角色，并且通过执行job的方式来操纵管理这些容器。

3.安装docker私有仓库

1）首先安装

方式1

也可以下载rpm包安装

rpm包地址：https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/x86_64/stable/Packages/

这里下载的是docker-ce-cli-19.03.2-3.el7.x86_64.rpm

为了解决依赖，配置本地源

[root@web2 yum.repos.d]# mv Centos-7.repo ./backup/
[root@web2 yum.repos.d]# ll
total 16
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   27 Sep 23 14:56 backup
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    6 Sep 23 14:32 bakcup
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   65 Sep 23 14:53 docker-rpm.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  664 Sep 23 12:54 epel-7.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  951 Sep 23 12:54 epel.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1050 Sep 23 12:54 epel-testing.repo
[root@web2 yum.repos.d]# cd /root/docker-rpm/
[root@web2 docker-rpm]# createrepo ./

方式2

配置阿里源，epel源里面我这里没有docker，所以配置阿里源的docker源

阿里源地址：https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/

[root@web2 yum.repos.d]# cat docker-ce.repo
[docker-ce-stable]
name=Docker CE Stable - $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/$basearch/stable
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-stable-debuginfo]
name=Docker CE Stable - Debuginfo $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/stable
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-stable-source]
name=Docker CE Stable - Sources
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/source/stable
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-edge]
name=Docker CE Edge - $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/$basearch/edge
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-edge-debuginfo]
name=Docker CE Edge - Debuginfo $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/edge
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-edge-source]
name=Docker CE Edge - Sources
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/source/edge
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-test]
name=Docker CE Test - $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/$basearch/test
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-test-debuginfo]
name=Docker CE Test - Debuginfo $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/test
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-test-source]
name=Docker CE Test - Sources
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/source/test
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-nightly]
name=Docker CE Nightly - $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/$basearch/nightly
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-nightly-debuginfo]
name=Docker CE Nightly - Debuginfo $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/nightly
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-nightly-source]
name=Docker CE Nightly - Sources
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/source/nightly
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg
[root@web2 yum.repos.d]#

yum install dockre-ce -y

2）开启防火墙

systemctl start firewalld.service

3）开启私有仓库服务端

systemctl start docker

systemctl enable docker

确保两台几点都安装了docker，并启动

4.私有仓库服务器拉取或load registry

方法1、直接拉取

[root@web1 yum.repos.d]# docker pull registry
Using default tag: latest
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/registry ...
latest: Pulling from docker.io/library/registry
Digest: sha256:8004747f1e8cd820a148fb7499d71a76d45ff66bac6a29129bfdbfdc0154d146
Status: Image is up to date for docker.io/registry:latest
[root@web1 yum.repos.d]# docker images
REPOSITORY                          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
zxg/nginx1                          latest              3babdf3c6c6d        2 weeks ago         546 MB
zxg/centos_nginx                    v1                  7c6604cacec1        4 weeks ago         698 MB
docker.io/atlassian/jira-software   latest              c4b90dede4f3        5 weeks ago         624 MB
zxg/my_nginx                        v1                  b164f4c07c64        8 weeks ago         126 MB
zxg/my_nginx                        latest              f07837869dfc        8 weeks ago         126 MB
docker.io/nginx                     latest              e445ab08b2be        2 months ago        126 MB
docker.io/alpine                    latest              b7b28af77ffe        2 months ago        5.58 MB
docker.io/centos                    latest              9f38484d220f        6 months ago        202 MB
docker.io/registry                  latest              f32a97de94e1        6 months ago        25.8 MB
[root@web1 yum.repos.d]#

方法2、下载registry.tar包，然后导入即可、

docker load -i registry.tar

5.私库服务器随便拉取一个镜像,并且打好标签

docker pull busybox
docker tag docker.io/busybox:latest 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox:latest

打好标签就是下面标红的行

[root@web1 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
zxg/nginx1                          latest              3babdf3c6c6d        2 weeks ago         546 MB
192.168.216.51:5000/busybox         latest              19485c79a9bb        3 weeks ago         1.22 MB
busybox                             v1                  19485c79a9bb        3 weeks ago         1.22 MB
docker.io/busybox                   latest              19485c79a9bb        3 weeks ago         1.22 MB
zxg/centos_nginx                    v1                  7c6604cacec1        4 weeks ago         698 MB

6.修改配置文件，指定私库url

需要安装docker-common，检查一下有没有安装

[root@web1 yum.repos.d]# rpm -qf /etc/sysconfig/docker
docker-common-1.13.1-96.gitb2f74b2.el7.centos.x86_64
[root@web1 yum.repos.d]#

配置文件添加–insecure-registry 192.168.216.51:5000

[root@web1 yum.repos.d]# cat /etc/sysconfig/docker
# /etc/sysconfig/docker
#
# Modify these options if you want to change the way the docker daemon runs
OPTIONS='--selinux-enabled --log-driver=journald --signature-verification=false --insecure-registry 192.168.216.51:5000'
if [ -z "${DOCKER_CERT_PATH}" ]; then
    DOCKER_CERT_PATH=/etc/dockerd
fi

7.重启docker

[root@web1 yum.repos.d]# systemctl restart docker

8.启动私有仓库，使用registry镜像运行一个docker就可以了

[root@web1 yum.repos.d]# docker run -d -p 5000:5000 -v /opt/registry:/var/lib/registry registry
###-v 指定本地持久路径

27d56aa54e167c26c76e25136b247072883aa29dde247f20c45f97fafedb650b
[root@web1 yum.repos.d]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES
27d56aa54e16        registry            "/entrypoint.sh /e..."   About a minute ago   Up 58 seconds       0.0.0.0:5000->5000/tcp   frosty_ptolemy
[root@web1 yum.repos.d]# netstat -antlop |grep 5000
tcp6       0      0 :::5000                 :::*                    LISTEN      27767/docker-proxy-  off (0.00/0/0)
[root@web1 yum.repos.d]# netstat -antup |grep 5000
tcp6       0      0 :::5000                 :::*                    LISTEN      27767/docker-proxy-
[root@web1 yum.repos.d]#

[root@web1 yum.repos.d]# ls /opt/registry
###目录已经自动创建

9.本机上传镜像，成功后使用tree查看

docker push 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox

[root@web1 ~]#  tree /opt/registry/docker/registry/
/opt/registry/docker/registry/
└── v2
    ├── blobs
    │   └── sha256
    │       ├── 19
    │       │   └── 19485c79a9bbdca205fce4f791efeaa2a103e23431434696cc54fdd939e9198d
    │       │       └── data
    │       ├── 7c
    │       │   └── 7c9d20b9b6cda1c58bc4f9d6c401386786f584437abbe87e58910f8a9a15386b
    │       │       └── data
    │       └── dd
    │           └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808
    │               └── data
    └── repositories
        └── busybox
            ├── _layers
            │   └── sha256
            │       ├── 19485c79a9bbdca205fce4f791efeaa2a103e23431434696cc54fdd939e9198d
            │       │   └── link
            │       └── 7c9d20b9b6cda1c58bc4f9d6c401386786f584437abbe87e58910f8a9a15386b
            │           └── link
            ├── _manifests
            │   ├── revisions
            │   │   └── sha256
            │   │       └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808
            │   │           └── link
            │   └── tags
            │       └── latest
            │           ├── current
            │           │   └── link
            │           └── index
            │               └── sha256
            │                   └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808
            │                       └── link
            └── _uploads

26 directories, 8 files
[root@web1 ~]#

10.使用52节点下载busybox镜像

我这里已经装好docker，就不演示怎么安装docker，这里都是按照之前原理篇的安装方式，请见如下链接：

安装docker请参考：Docker1 架构原理及简单使用

###修改配置文件添加"--insecure-registry不安全的注册"
[root@web2 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/docker |grep 5000
OPTIONS='--selinux-enabled --log-driver=journald --signature-verification=false --insecure-registry 192.168.216.51:5000'
###拉取镜像
[root@web2 ~]# docker pull 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox
Using default tag: latest
Trying to pull repository 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox ...
latest: Pulling from 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox
7c9d20b9b6cd: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808
Status: Downloaded newer image for 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox:latest
###查看镜像
[root@web2 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                    TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
192.168.216.51:5000/busybox   latest              19485c79a9bb        3 weeks ago         1.22 MB
###运行实例-成功
[root@web2 ~]# docker run 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox echo "1111"
1111
[root@web2 ~]#

###创建镜像链接并命名
[root@web2 ~]# docker tag 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox busybox:v1
###删除镜像
[root@web2 ~]# docker rmi 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox
  [root@web2 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
busybox v1 19485c79a9bb 3 weeks ago 1.22 MB

###运行新的实例
[root@web2 ~]# docker run busybox:v1 echo 222
222

到这里已经完成了私库搭建方方法，不过应该在上传一个新版本测试：

[root@web2 ~]# docker tag busybox:v1 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox:v1
[root@web2 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
[root@web2 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                    TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
192.168.216.51:5000/busybox   v1                  19485c79a9bb        3 weeks ago         1.22 MB
busybox                       v1                  19485c79a9bb        3 weeks ago         1.22 MB
[root@web2 ~]# docker push 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox
The push refers to a repository [192.168.216.51:5000/busybox]
6c0ea40aef9d: Layer already exists
v1: digest: sha256:dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808 size: 527
[root@web2 ~]#

11.回到51节点测试查看有没有新的版本上传上来

在51节点，上用tree命令查看，可以看到v1版本

[root@web1 ~]# tree /opt/registry/docker/registry/
/opt/registry/docker/registry/
└── v2
    ├── blobs
    │   └── sha256
    │       ├── 19
    │       │   └── 19485c79a9bbdca205fce4f791efeaa2a103e23431434696cc54fdd939e9198d
    │       │       └── data
    │       ├── 7c
    │       │   └── 7c9d20b9b6cda1c58bc4f9d6c401386786f584437abbe87e58910f8a9a15386b
    │       │       └── data
    │       └── dd
    │           └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808
    │               └── data
    └── repositories
        └── busybox
            ├── _layers
            │   └── sha256
            │       ├── 19485c79a9bbdca205fce4f791efeaa2a103e23431434696cc54fdd939e9198d
            │       │   └── link
            │       └── 7c9d20b9b6cda1c58bc4f9d6c401386786f584437abbe87e58910f8a9a15386b
            │           └── link
            ├── _manifests
            │   ├── revisions
            │   │   └── sha256
            │   │       └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808
            │   │           └── link
            │   └── tags
            │       ├── latest
            │       │   ├── current
            │       │   │   └── link
            │       │   └── index
            │       │       └── sha256
            │       │           └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808
            │       │               └── link
            │       └── v1
            │           ├── current
            │           │   └── link
            │           └── index
            │               └── sha256
            │                   └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808
            │                       └── link
            └── _uploads

四、总结大家私有仓库的步骤

配置前可以先把防火墙及selinux全部关闭

1.安装docker

2.修改配置文件两台节点一样，有两种方式：（注意！！！）

1）添加参数到/etc/sysconfig/docker文件

OPTIONS=’–selinux-enabled –log-driver=journald –signature-verification=false –insecure-registry 192.168.216.51:5000′

2）还可以把这行添加到启动参数里，/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service

ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd-current –insecure-registry 192.168.216.51:5000

注意：新版本已经没有/etc/sysconfig/docker配置文件了，所以可以统一放到启动参数/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service

3.拉取registry镜像

4.运行registry镜像并映射5000端口

5.打标签上传下载镜像完成

五、带授权的registry

注意：这里是创建密码认证，而不是证书的认证

1.创建授权目录

mkdir /auth

2.使用registry镜像生成 htpasswd加密文件其中加密了密码

创建用户名：zxg，密码123456，并加密

docker run --entrypoint htpasswd registry -Bbn zxg 123456 >/auth/htpasswd

可以看到密码123456已经加密了

docker run --entrypoint htpasswd registry -Bbn zxg 123456 >/auth/htpasswd

注释：

–entrypoint ：是docker的一种指令，用于给出容器启动后默认入口

3.启动带参数的镜像

[root@web1 /]# docker run -d -p 5000:5000 --restart=always --name registry1
> -v /opt/registry:/var/lib/registry
> -v /auth:/auth
> -e "REGISTRY_AUTH=htpasswd"
> -e REGISTRY_AUTH_HTPASSWD_REALM="Registry Realm"
> -e REGISTRY_AUTH_HTPASSWD_PATH=/auth/htpasswd
> registry
37f0ce01ea327e6cd62798e0df683d5d2a4317c3fd865c0f1e19b654f052fe66

4.52节点创建busybox便签v2上传，先登陆，然后上传

[root@web2 ~]# docker login 192.168.216.51:5000
Username: zxg
Password:
Login Succeeded
[root@web2 ~]# docker tag busybox:v2 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox:v2
busybox                       v2                  19485c79a9bb        3 weeks ago         1.22 MB

[root@web2 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                    TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
192.168.216.51:5000/busybox   v1                  19485c79a9bb        3 weeks ago         1.22 MB
192.168.216.51:5000/busybox   v2                  19485c79a9bb        3 weeks ago         1.22 MB
busybox                       v1                  19485c79a9bb        3 weeks ago         1.22 MB
busybox                       v2                  19485c79a9bb        3 weeks ago         1.22 MB

[root@web2 ~]# docker  push 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox:v2
The push refers to a repository [192.168.216.51:5000/busybox]
6c0ea40aef9d: Pushed
v2: digest: sha256:dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808 size: 527
[root@web2 ~]#

5.回到51上确认是否上传成功

[root@web1 auth]# tree /opt/registry/docker/registry/v2/
/opt/registry/docker/registry/v2/
├── blobs
│   └── sha256
│       ├── 19
│       │   └── 19485c79a9bbdca205fce4f791efeaa2a103e23431434696cc54fdd939e9198d
│       │       └── data
│       ├── 7c
│       │   └── 7c9d20b9b6cda1c58bc4f9d6c401386786f584437abbe87e58910f8a9a15386b
│       │       └── data
│       └── dd
│           └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808
│               └── data
└── repositories
    └── busybox
        ├── _layers
        │   └── sha256
        │       ├── 19485c79a9bbdca205fce4f791efeaa2a103e23431434696cc54fdd939e9198d
        │       │   └── link
        │       └── 7c9d20b9b6cda1c58bc4f9d6c401386786f584437abbe87e58910f8a9a15386b
        │           └── link
        ├── _manifests
        │   ├── revisions
        │   │   └── sha256
        │   │       └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808
        │   │           └── link
        │   └── tags
        │       ├── latest
        │       │   ├── current
        │       │   │   └── link
        │       │   └── index
        │       │       └── sha256
        │       │           └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808
        │       │               └── link
        │       ├── v1
        │       │   ├── current
        │       │   │   └── link
        │       │   └── index
        │       │       └── sha256
        │       │           └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808
        │       │               └── link
        │       └── v2
        │           ├── current
        │           │   └── link
        │           └── index
        │               └── sha256
        │                   └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808
        │                       └── link
        └── _uploads

35 directories, 12 files

可以看到已经有v2版本，成功，下一篇将介绍Harbor-Registry的方式。

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