卷积神经网络复习

%matplotlib inline
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.image as mpimg
# Parameters for our graph; we'll output images in a 4x4 configuration
nrows = 4
ncols = 4
# Index for iterating over images
pic_index = 0
# Set up matplotlib fig, and size it to fit 4x4 pics
fig = plt.gcf()
fig.set_size_inches(ncols * 4, nrows * 4)
pic_index += 8
next_cat_pix = [os.path.join(train_cats_dir, fname) 
                for fname in train_cat_fnames[pic_index-8:pic_index]]
next_dog_pix = [os.path.join(train_dogs_dir, fname) 
                for fname in train_dog_fnames[pic_index-8:pic_index]]
for i, img_path in enumerate(next_cat_pix+next_dog_pix):
  # Set up subplot; subplot indices start at 1
  sp = plt.subplot(nrows, ncols, i + 1)
  sp.axis('Off') # Don't show axes (or gridlines)
  img = mpimg.imread(img_path)
  plt.imshow(img)
plt.show()

from tensorflow.keras.preprocessing.image import ImageDataGenerator

# All images will be rescaled by 1./255
train_datagen = ImageDataGenerator(rescale=1./255)
test_datagen = ImageDataGenerator(rescale=1./255)

# datagen = ImageDataGenerator(
#       rotation_range=40,
#       width_shift_range=0.2,
#       height_shift_range=0.2,
#       shear_range=0.2,
#       zoom_range=0.2,
#       horizontal_flip=True,
#       fill_mode='nearest')

# Flow training images in batches of 20 using train_datagen generator
train_generator = train_datagen.flow_from_directory(
        train_dir,  # This is the source directory for training images
        target_size=(150, 150),  # All images will be resized to 150x150
        batch_size=20,
        # Since we use binary_crossentropy loss, we need binary labels
        class_mode='binary')

# Flow validation images in batches of 20 using test_datagen generator
validation_generator = test_datagen.flow_from_directory(
        validation_dir,
        target_size=(150, 150),
        batch_size=20,
        class_mode='binary')
history = model.fit_generator(
      train_generator,
      steps_per_epoch=100,  # 2000 images = batch_size * steps
      epochs=15,
      validation_data=validation_generator,
      validation_steps=50,  # 1000 images = batch_size * steps
      verbose=2)

import numpy as np
import random
from tensorflow.keras.preprocessing.image import img_to_array, load_img

# Let's define a new Model that will take an image as input, and will output
# intermediate representations for all layers in the previous model after
# the first.
successive_outputs = [layer.output for layer in model.layers[1:]]
visualization_model = Model(img_input, successive_outputs)

# Let's prepare a random input image of a cat or dog from the training set.
cat_img_files = [os.path.join(train_cats_dir, f) for f in train_cat_fnames]
dog_img_files = [os.path.join(train_dogs_dir, f) for f in train_dog_fnames]
img_path = random.choice(cat_img_files + dog_img_files)

img = load_img(img_path, target_size=(150, 150))  # this is a PIL image
x = img_to_array(img)  # Numpy array with shape (150, 150, 3)
x = x.reshape((1,) + x.shape)  # Numpy array with shape (1, 150, 150, 3)

# Rescale by 1/255
x /= 255

# Let's run our image through our network, thus obtaining all
# intermediate representations for this image.
successive_feature_maps = visualization_model.predict(x)

# These are the names of the layers, so can have them as part of our plot
layer_names = [layer.name for layer in model.layers]

# Now let's display our representations
for layer_name, feature_map in zip(layer_names, successive_feature_maps):
  if len(feature_map.shape) == 4:
    # Just do this for the conv / maxpool layers, not the fully-connected layers
    n_features = feature_map.shape[-1]  # number of features in feature map
    # The feature map has shape (1, size, size, n_features)
    size = feature_map.shape[1]
    # We will tile our images in this matrix
    display_grid = np.zeros((size, size * n_features))
    for i in range(n_features):
      # Postprocess the feature to make it visually palatable
      x = feature_map[0, :, :, i]
      x -= x.mean()
      x /= x.std()
      x *= 64
      x += 128
      x = np.clip(x, 0, 255).astype('uint8')
      # We'll tile each filter into this big horizontal grid
      display_grid[:, i * size : (i + 1) * size] = x
    # Display the grid
    scale = 20. / n_features
    plt.figure(figsize=(scale * n_features, scale))
    plt.title(layer_name)
    plt.grid(False)
    plt.imshow(display_grid, aspect='auto', cmap='viridis')

# Retrieve a list of accuracy results on training and test data
# sets for each training epoch
acc = history.history['acc']
val_acc = history.history['val_acc']

# Retrieve a list of list results on training and test data
# sets for each training epoch
loss = history.history['loss']
val_loss = history.history['val_loss']

# Get number of epochs
epochs = range(len(acc))

# Plot training and validation accuracy per epoch
plt.plot(epochs, acc)
plt.plot(epochs, val_acc)
plt.title('Training and validation accuracy')

plt.figure()

# Plot training and validation loss per epoch
plt.plot(epochs, loss)
plt.plot(epochs, val_loss)
plt.title('Training and validation loss')