在前面的关于Pytest的系列文章中系统的介绍了Pytest测试框架的知识体系,今天主要介绍Pytest测试框架在API自动化测试中的应用。本文章会把数据存储到yaml的文件中。在API的自动化测试中,我们需要思考的是把测试中的数据分离出去。本实例中测试的案例依然是书籍管理系统,它的具体源码为:
#!/usr/bin/python3
#coding:utf-8
from flask import Flask,make_response,jsonify,abort,request
from flask_restful import Api,Resource
from flask_httpauth import HTTPBasicAuth
app=Flask(__name__)
api=Api(app=app)
auth=HTTPBasicAuth()
@auth.get_password
def get_password(name):
if name=='admin':
return 'admin'
@auth.error_handler
def authoorized():
return make_response(jsonify({'msg':"请认证"}),401)
books=[
{'id':1,'author':'wuya','name':'Python接口自动化测试实战','done':True},
{'id':2,'author':'无涯','name':'Selenium3自动化测试实战','done':False}
]
class Books(Resource):
# decorators = [auth.login_required]
def get(self):
return jsonify({'status':0,'msg':'ok','datas':books})
def post(self):
if not request.json:
return jsonify({'status':1001,'msg':'请求参数不是JSON的数据,请检查,谢谢!'})
else:
book = {
'id': books[-1]['id'] + 1,
'author': request.json.get('author'),
'name': request.json.get('name'),
'done': True
}
books.append(book)
return jsonify({'status':1002,'msg': '添加书籍成功','datas':book}, 201)
class Book(Resource):
# decorators = [auth.login_required]
def get(self,book_id):
book = list(filter(lambda t: t['id'] == book_id, books))
if len(book) == 0:
return jsonify({'status': 1003, 'msg': '很抱歉,您查询的书的信息不存在'})
else:
return jsonify({'status': 0, 'msg': 'ok', 'datas': book})
def put(self,book_id):
book = list(filter(lambda t: t['id'] == book_id, books))
if len(book) == 0:
return jsonify({'status': 1003, 'msg': '很抱歉,您查询的书的信息不存在'})
elif not request.json:
return jsonify({'status': 1001, 'msg': '请求参数不是JSON的数据,请检查,谢谢!'})
elif 'author' not in request.json:
return jsonify({'status': 1004, 'msg': '请求参数author不能为空'})
elif 'name' not in request.json:
return jsonify({'status': 1005, 'msg': '请求参数name不能为空'})
elif 'done' not in request.json:
return jsonify({'status': 1006, 'msg': '请求参数done不能为空'})
elif type(request.json['done'])!=bool:
return jsonify({'status': 1007, 'msg': '请求参数done为bool类型'})
else:
book[0]['author'] = request.json.get('author', book[0]['author'])
book[0]['name'] = request.json.get('name', book[0]['name'])
book[0]['done'] = request.json.get('done', book[0]['done'])
return jsonify({'status': 1008, 'msg': '更新书的信息成功', 'datas': book})
def delete(self,book_id):
book = list(filter(lambda t: t['id'] == book_id, books))
if len(book) == 0:
return jsonify({'status': 1003, 'msg': '很抱歉,您查询的书的信息不存在'})
else:
books.remove(book[0])
return jsonify({'status': 1009, 'msg': '删除书籍成功'})
api.add_resource(Books,'/v1/api/books')
api.add_resource(Book,'/v1/api/book/<int:book_id>')
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(debug=True)
下来把测试过程中应用到的数据存储到yaml的文件中(yaml文件是一个可读性高,用来表达数据序列化的格式)。yaml文件的内容为:
---
#查看所有书籍信息
"url": "http://localhost:5000/v1/api/books"
"expect": '"name": "Python接口自动化测试实战"'
---
#查看id为1的书籍信息
"url": "http://localhost:5000/v1/api/book/1"
"expect": '"author": "wuya"'
这里主要已GET的请求为案例,下来读取yaml文件里面的内容,读取后转成list的数据类型,然后使用Pytest的参数化来实现这部分的案例实战,源码如下:
#!/usr/bin/python3
#coding:utf-8
import yaml
import pytest
import requests
import json
def readYaml():
with open('config.yaml','r',encoding='utf-8') as f:
return list(yaml.safe_load_all(f))
@pytest.mark.parametrize("datas",readYaml())
def test_books(datas):
r=requests.get(url=datas['url'])
assert datas['expect'] in json.dumps(r.json(),ensure_ascii=False)
if __name__ == '__main__':
pytest.main(["-s","yamlTest.py"])
执行如上的代码后,输出信息如下:
collected 2 items
yamlTest.py ..
============= 2 passed in 0.04s ==============
后续继续解决针对不同请求方法的处理和判断,以及动态参数的关联处理,感谢您的阅读和关注。