Automate the Boring
将《Automate the Boring Stuff with Python》的语法部分学完了，开始依葫芦画瓢做第一个项目。
#! python3
# pw.py - An insecure password locker program.
PASSWORD = {'email': 'F7minlBDDuvMJuxESSKHFhTxFtjVB6',
'blog': 'VmALvQyKAxiVH5G8v01if1MLZF3sdt',
'luggage': '12345'}
import sys, pyperclip
if len(sys.argv) < 2:
print('Usage: python pw.py [account] - copy account password')
sys.exit()
account = sys.argv[1] # first command line arg is the account namer
if account in PASSWORD:
pyperclip.copy (PASSWORD[account])
print('Password for ' + account + ' coopied to clipboard.')
else:
print('There is no account named ' + account)以上是code，但是运行时提示No module named pyperclip，于是上网找资料说要安装模块，尝试：（我这才发现原来pip install也可用于windows，只要装了python即可）
C:\Users\simmy>pip install pyperclip Collecting pyperclip Downloading pyperclip-1.5.27.zip Installing collected packages: pyperclip Running setup.py install for pyperclip Successfully installed pyperclip-1.5.27 You are using pip version 7.1.2, however version 8.1.1 is available. You should consider upgrading via the 'python -m pip install --upgrade pip' comm and. C:\Users\simmy>pip freeze pyperclip==1.5.27 You are using pip version 7.1.2, however version 8.1.1 is available. You should consider upgrading via the 'python -m pip install --upgrade pip' comm and.
完后依然提示错误，于是在Python IDLE上测试：
>>> import pyperclip Traceback (most recent call last): File "<pyshell#0>", line 1, in <module> import pyperclip
ImportError: No module named 'pyperclip'
同样报错，后来查询后，发现作者是自己写的模块，在这里提到：https://inventwithpython.com/hacking/chapter2.html： Downloading pyperclip.py Almost every program in this book uses a custom module I wrote called pyperclip.py. This module provides functions for letting your program copy and paste text to the clipboard. This module does not come with Python, but you can download it from: http://invpy.com/pyperclip.py
This file must be in the same folder as the Python program files that you type. (A folder is also called a directory.) Otherwise you will see this error message when you try to run your program:
ImportError: No module named pyperclip
从这下载：https://inventwithpython.com/pyperclip.py
然后放入:C:\Users\xxx\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35
问题解决。
pyperclip.py code如下：
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"""
Pyperclip
A cross-platform clipboard module for Python. (only handles plain text for now)
By Al Sweigart al@inventwithpython.com
BSD License
Usage:
import pyperclip
pyperclip.copy('The text to be copied to the clipboard.')
spam = pyperclip.paste()
On Windows, no additional modules are needed.
On Mac, this module makes use of the pbcopy and pbpaste commands, which should come with the os.
On Linux, this module makes use of the xclip or xsel commands, which should come with the os. Otherwise run "sudo apt-get install xclip" or "sudo apt-get install xsel"
Otherwise on Linux, you will need the gtk or PyQt4 modules installed.
The gtk module is not available for Python 3, and this module does not work with PyGObject yet.
"""
__version__ = '1.5.6'
import platform, os
from subprocess import call, Popen, PIPE
def _pasteWindows():
CF_UNICODETEXT = 13
d = ctypes.windll
d.user32.OpenClipboard(None)
handle = d.user32.GetClipboardData(CF_UNICODETEXT)
data = ctypes.c_wchar_p(handle).value
d.user32.CloseClipboard()
return data
def _copyWindows(text):
GMEM_DDESHARE = 0x2000
CF_UNICODETEXT = 13
d = ctypes.windll # cdll expects 4 more bytes in user32.OpenClipboard(None)
try: # Python 2
if not isinstance(text, unicode):
text = text.decode('mbcs')
except NameError:
if not isinstance(text, str):
text = text.decode('mbcs')
d.user32.OpenClipboard(None)
d.user32.EmptyClipboard()
hCd = d.kernel32.GlobalAlloc(GMEM_DDESHARE, len(text.encode('utf-16-le')) + 2)
pchData = d.kernel32.GlobalLock(hCd)
ctypes.cdll.msvcrt.wcscpy(ctypes.c_wchar_p(pchData), text)
d.kernel32.GlobalUnlock(hCd)
d.user32.SetClipboardData(CF_UNICODETEXT, hCd)
d.user32.CloseClipboard()
def _pasteCygwin():
CF_UNICODETEXT = 13
d = ctypes.cdll
d.user32.OpenClipboard(None)
handle = d.user32.GetClipboardData(CF_UNICODETEXT)
data = ctypes.c_wchar_p(handle).value
d.user32.CloseClipboard()
return data
def _copyCygwin(text):
GMEM_DDESHARE = 0x2000
CF_UNICODETEXT = 13
d = ctypes.cdll
try: # Python 2
if not isinstance(text, unicode):
text = text.decode('mbcs')
except NameError:
if not isinstance(text, str):
text = text.decode('mbcs')
d.user32.OpenClipboard(None)
d.user32.EmptyClipboard()
hCd = d.kernel32.GlobalAlloc(GMEM_DDESHARE, len(text.encode('utf-16-le')) + 2)
pchData = d.kernel32.GlobalLock(hCd)
ctypes.cdll.msvcrt.wcscpy(ctypes.c_wchar_p(pchData), text)
d.kernel32.GlobalUnlock(hCd)
d.user32.SetClipboardData(CF_UNICODETEXT, hCd)
d.user32.CloseClipboard()
def _copyOSX(text):
text = str(text)
p = Popen(['pbcopy', 'w'], stdin=PIPE)
try:
# works on Python 3 (bytes() requires an encoding)
p.communicate(input=bytes(text, 'utf-8'))
except TypeError:
# works on Python 2 (bytes() only takes one argument)
p.communicate(input=bytes(text))
def _pasteOSX():
p = Popen(['pbpaste', 'r'], stdout=PIPE)
stdout, stderr = p.communicate()
return bytes.decode(stdout)
def _pasteGtk():
return gtk.Clipboard().wait_for_text()
def _copyGtk(text):
global cb
text = str(text)
cb = gtk.Clipboard()
cb.set_text(text)
cb.store()
def _pasteQt():
return str(cb.text())
def _copyQt(text):
text = str(text)
cb.setText(text)
def _copyXclip(text):
p = Popen(['xclip', '-selection', 'c'], stdin=PIPE)
try:
# works on Python 3 (bytes() requires an encoding)
p.communicate(input=bytes(text, 'utf-8'))
except TypeError:
# works on Python 2 (bytes() only takes one argument)
p.communicate(input=bytes(text))
def _pasteXclip():
p = Popen(['xclip', '-selection', 'c', '-o'], stdout=PIPE)
stdout, stderr = p.communicate()
return bytes.decode(stdout)
def _copyXsel(text):
p = Popen(['xsel', '-i'], stdin=PIPE)
try:
# works on Python 3 (bytes() requires an encoding)
p.communicate(input=bytes(text, 'utf-8'))
except TypeError:
# works on Python 2 (bytes() only takes one argument)
p.communicate(input=bytes(text))
def _pasteXsel():
p = Popen(['xsel', '-o'], stdout=PIPE)
stdout, stderr = p.communicate()
return bytes.decode(stdout)
# Determine the OS/platform and set the copy() and paste() functions accordingly.
if 'cygwin' in platform.system().lower():
_functions = 'Cygwin' # for debugging
import ctypes
paste = _pasteCygwin
copy = _copyCygwin
elif os.name == 'nt' or platform.system() == 'Windows':
_functions = 'Windows' # for debugging
import ctypes
paste = _pasteWindows
copy = _copyWindows
elif os.name == 'mac' or platform.system() == 'Darwin':
_functions = 'OS X pbcopy/pbpaste' # for debugging
paste = _pasteOSX
copy = _copyOSX
elif os.name == 'posix' or platform.system() == 'Linux':
# Determine which command/module is installed, if any.
xclipExists = call(['which', 'xclip'],
stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE) == 0
xselExists = call(['which', 'xsel'],
stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE) == 0
gtkInstalled = False
try:
# Check it gtk is installed.
import gtk
gtkInstalled = True
except ImportError:
pass
if not gtkInstalled:
# Check if PyQt4 is installed.
PyQt4Installed = False
try:
import PyQt4.QtCore
import PyQt4.QtGui
PyQt4Installed = True
except ImportError:
pass
# Set one of the copy & paste functions.
if xclipExists:
_functions = 'xclip command' # for debugging
paste = _pasteXclip
copy = _copyXclip
elif gtkInstalled:
_functions = 'gtk module' # for debugging
paste = _pasteGtk
copy = _copyGtk
elif PyQt4Installed:
_functions = 'PyQt4 module' # for debugging
app = PyQt4.QtGui.QApplication([])
cb = PyQt4.QtGui.QApplication.clipboard()
paste = _pasteQt
copy = _copyQt
elif xselExists:
# TODO: xsel doesn't seem to work on Raspberry Pi (my test Linux environment). Putting this as the last method tried.
_functions = 'xsel command' # for debugging
paste = _pasteXsel
copy = _copyXsel
else:
raise Exception('Pyperclip requires the xclip or xsel application, or the gtk or PyQt4 module.')
else:
raise RuntimeError('pyperclip does not support your system.')