django设置cookie和sessi
1 设置cookie
本例中应用名称为cookie
模型model
from django.db import models
from django.db import models
class UserInfo(models.Model):
username = models.CharField(max_length=64)
password = models.CharField(max_length=64)数据库迁移
python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate给数据库添加数据
路由urls
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from cookie import views
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
path('login/', views.login),
path('index/', views.index),
]视图函数
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect, HttpResponse
from cookie import models
def login(request):
ret = ""
if request.method == "POST":
user = request.POST.get("user")
pwd = request.POST.get("pwd")
# 查询数据库中的用户名和密码
user_obj = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=user, password=pwd).first()
if user_obj:
"""
如果验证通过，则重定向至index并设置cookie
"""
obj = redirect("/index/")
obj.set_cookie("is_login", True, 30) # cookie有效期为30秒
obj.set_cookie("username", user_obj.username)
return obj
else:
ret = "用户名或密码错误"
return render(request, "login.html", {"ret": ret})
def index(request):
is_login = request.COOKIES.get("is_login")
username = request.COOKIES.get("username")
if not is_login:
return redirect("/login/")
return render(request, "index.html", {
"user": username
}) 模板页面
登录页面 login.html
<body>
<h3>用户登录页面</h3>
<form action="/login/" method="post">
{% csrf_token %}
<p>用户名：<input type="text" name="user"></p>
<p>密码：<input type="password" name="pwd"></p>
<p><span>{{ ret }}</span></p>
<input type="submit" value="登录" class="sub_btn">
</form>
</body>首页index.html
<body>
<h3>这是index页面。你好 {{ user }}</h3>
</body>下来访问测试一下
点击登录
可以看到，已经按预想跳转至index页面
下来看看设置的cookie
再来看看，重定向访问时携带的cookie值
2 设置session
创建应用
python manage.py startapp session
注册应用
设置settings.py
INSTALLED_APPS = [
...
'cookie.apps.CookieConfig',
'session.apps.SessionConfig'
]路由urls
.....
from session import views as session_views
urlpatterns = [
......
path('session_login', session_views.session_login),
path('session_index', session_views.session_index),
path('session_logout', session_views.session_logout),
]视图函数
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
from cookie import models # 由于要用到数据，所有要吃cookie应用里面导入
def session_login(request):
ret = ""
if request.method == "POST":
user = request.POST.get("user")
pwd = request.POST.get("pwd")
user_obj = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=user, password=pwd).first()
if user_obj:
"""
如果验证通过，则设置session,并返回session_index
"""
request.session["is_login"] = True
request.session["username"] = user_obj.username
obj = redirect("/session_index/")
return obj
else:
ret = "用户名或密码错误"
return render(request, "session_login.html", {"ret": ret})def session_index(request):
is_login = request.session.get("is_login")
username = request.session.get("username")
if not is_login:
"""如果没有登录则跳转至登录页面"""
return redirect("/session_login")
return render(request, "session_index.html", {"user": username})
def session_logout(request):
request.session.flush()
return redirect("/session_login/")模板页面
session_index.html
<h3>基于session的用户登录</h3>
<form action="/session_login/" method="post">
{% csrf_token %}
<p>用户名：<input type="text" name="user"></p>
<p>密码：<input type="password" name="pwd"></p>
<p><span>{{ ret }}</span></p>
<input type="submit" value="登录" class="sub_btn">
</form>session_index.html
<body>
<h3>这是session_index页面。</h3>
<h3>你好 {{ user }}</h3>
<a href="/session_logout/">注销</a>
</body>下来测试
可以看到数据库中session表已经有数据了，session_key为随机生成的，为请求时携带的cookie键，session_data为
request.session["is_login"] = True
request.session["username"] = user_obj.username，经过某种算法加密后的数
再来看看页面
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原始发表：2019-05-31 ，如有侵权请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除
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