python-字典方法（dist）知识整

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# __author__:anxu.qi
# Date:2018/11/30

info = {
    'stu1101': "TengLan Wu",
    'stu1102': "LongZe Luola",
    "stu1103": "XiaoZe Maliya",
}
####################################### 多级字典的嵌套 #############################################

# key 尽量不要写中文，因为有时候编码不一致，取不出来值
av_catalog = {
    "欧美":{
        "www.youporn.com": ["很多免费的,世界最大的","质量一般"],
        "www.pornhub.com": ["很多免费的,也很大","质量比yourporn高点"],
        "letmedothistoyou.com": ["多是自拍,高质量图片很多","资源不多,更新慢"],
        "x-art.com":["质量很高,真的很高","全部收费,屌比请绕过"]
    },
    "日韩":{
        "tokyo-hot":["质量怎样不清楚,个人已经不喜欢日韩范了","听说是收费的"]
    },
    "大陆":{
        "1024":["全部免费,真好,好人一生平安","服务器在国外,慢"]
    }
}
av_catalog["大陆"]["1024"][1] = "可以再国内做镜像"
print(av_catalog)

# 打印所有的值  values()
print(av_catalog.values())

# 打印所有的key keys()
print(av_catalog.keys())

# 字典是无序的，是没有下标的
#################### 字典 查 #################################
print(info)
# {'stu1103': 'XiaoZe Maliya', 'stu1102': 'LongZe Luola', 'stu1101': 'TengLan Wu'}
# 方式一：
print(info["stu1101"])    # 存在则不会报错，不存在就会报错

# 方式二： .get
print(info.get("stu110113"))   # 有就返回该值,没有这个值就返回None
# None
# TengLan Wu

# 方式三： in
print("stu1103" in info)  # 等与 python2.x info.has_key("stu1103")

#################### 字典 改 #################################
info["stu1101"] = "武藤兰"   # 存在直接替换
print(info)
# {'stu1102': 'LongZe Luola', 'stu1101': '武藤兰', 'stu1103': 'XiaoZe Maliya'}

#################### 合并更新 update ####################################
a = {
    'stu01':"nginx",
    'stu02':"mysql",
    'stu03':'zabbix'
}
b = {
    'stu01':"tami",
    1:3,
    2:5
}
a.update(b)
print(a)
# {'stu03': 'zabbix', 'stu02': 'mysql', 2: 5, 'stu01': 'tami', 1: 3}
# 把b作为一个参数传为了update，把两个字典合并，如果a字典中有和b字典中相同的key，则覆盖a中的value
# 如果没有这个kye那么，将b中的key和value都添加到a字典中

print(b)
#################### 字典 增 ##################################

info["stu1104"] = "CangJingkong"  # 不存在则创建一条
print(info)
# {'stu1104': 'CangJingkong', 'stu1102': 'LongZe Luola', 'stu1101': '武藤兰', 'stu1103': 'XiaoZe Maliya'}

# 创建一个新的值 ，去字典里能取到我就返回，如果取不到我就设置一个新的。
av_catalog.setdefault("TaiWan", {"www.baiddu.com":[1, 2]})
print(av_catalog)

#################### 字典 删 ##################################
# 方式一：
del info["stu1101"]
print(info)
# {'stu1104': 'CangJingkong', 'stu1102': 'LongZe Luola', 'stu1103': 'XiaoZe Maliya'}
# 方式二：
info.pop("stu1102")
print(info)
# {'stu1103': 'XiaoZe Maliya', 'stu1104': 'CangJingkong'}
# 方式三： 随机删除
info.popitem()
print(info)
# {'stu1103': 'XiaoZe Maliya'}

c = {
    'stu01': "tami",
    1: 3,
    2: 5
}
# ##################### fromkeys #####################
# 初始化一个字典，并附一个临时的值，和浅copy 类似，只copy一层。
d = dict.fromkeys([6,7,8])
print(d)
# {8: None, 6: None, 7: None}

d = dict.fromkeys([6,7,8],"test")
print(d)
# {8: 'test', 6: 'test', 7: 'test'}
d = dict.fromkeys([6,7,8],[1,{"name":"alex"},444])
print(d)
# {8: [1, {'name': 'alex'}, 444], 6: [1, {'name': 'alex'}, 444], 7: [1, {'name': 'alex'}, 444]}
d[7][1]['name'] = "Jack wang"
print(d)
# {8: [1, {'name': 'Jack wang'}, 444], 6: [1, {'name': 'Jack wang'}, 444], 7: [1, {'name': 'Jack wang'}, 444]}

#####################  循环 #################
a = {
    'stu01':"nginx",
    'stu02':"mysql",
    'stu03':'zabbix'
}
for i in a:   # 循环字典的时候默认是循环字典的key
    print(i)
# stu01
# stu03
# stu02
print( a.items())
# dict_items([('stu03', 'zabbix'), ('stu02', 'mysql'), ('stu01', 'nginx')])
######################################
# 循环字典的key 和value
# 注：以下方式一和方式二的区别：结果都是一样的，但是方式一比方式二高效很多，
#     因为方式一只是通过key，找到key和value，方式二是将字典转换为列表后，通过key，value找到对应的值
#     数据量不大还可以，数据量大的情况下非常占用资源费时间。
# 方式一：
for i in a:
    print(i,a[i])
# stu03 zabbix
# stu01 nginx
# stu02 mysql
 # 方式二：
for k,v in a.items():
    print(k,v)
# stu03 zabbix
# stu01 nginx
# stu02 mysql

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# __author__:anxu.qi
# Date:2018/11/21


############################  字典 ##################################
# 字典的每一个元素，都是键值对, 而且是无序的
user_info = {
    "Kname":"Vsidaodeng",
    "Kage":"V30",
    "Kgender":"Vmiss"
}
## 索引
# print(user_info['age'])
# 30

## 切片没有

######################## for 循环 ########################
# 循环默认输出的是key
for i in user_info:
    print(i)
"""
gender
name
age
 """
print("---------------------------------------")
########################  keys #######################
# 加上keys后，会输出所有的key
for i in user_info.keys():
    print(i)
"""
gender
name
age
 """
print("---------------------------------------")
########################  values #######################
# 加上values后，会输出所有的value
for i in user_info.values():
    print(i)
"""
Vmiss
Vsidaodeng
V30
"""
print("---------------------------------------")
########################  items #######################
# 加上items 后，会输出所有的item
for k,v in user_info.items():
    print(k,v)
"""
Kname Vsidaodeng
Kgender Vmiss
Kage V30
"""
##########################################################

user_info = {
    "Kname":"Vsidaodeng",
    "Kage":"V30",
    "Kgender":"Vmiss"
}
# 获取字典的所有的key
print(user_info.keys())
# dict_keys(['age', 'gender', 'name'])

# 获取字典的所有的值
print(user_info.values())
# dict_values([30, 'M', 'sidaodeng'])

# 获取字典所有的键值对
print(user_info.items())
# dict_items([('age', 30), ('name', 'sidaodeng'), ('gender', 'M')])


################################ del 删除 ##################################################
#  删除字典中的某个键值对
user_info = {
    "Kname":"Vsidaodeng",
    "Kage":"V30",
    "Kgender":"Vmiss"
}
del user_info['Kage']
print(user_info,11110000000)
# {'Kname': 'Vsidaodeng', 'Kgender': 'Vmiss'} 11110000000


############################### clear ##########################################
# def clear(self):  # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
# 清楚所有内容
user_info = {
    "Kname":"Vsidaodeng",
    "Kage":"V30",
    "Kgender":"Vmiss"
}
user_info.clear()
print(user_info)
# {}


############################### copy ##########################################
# def copy(self):  # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
# 浅copy
user_info = {
    "Kname":"Vsidaodeng",
    "Kage":"V30",
    "Kgender":"Vmiss"
}
# 先忽略，后期补充


############################### fromkeys ##########################################
# def fromkeys(S, v=None):  # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
#
user_info = {
    "Kname":"Vsidaodeng",
    "Kage":"V30",
    "Kgender":"Vmiss"
}
# 先忽略，后期补充



############################### get ##########################################
# def get(self, k, d=None):  # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
# 根据key获取值，如果key不存在，可以指定一个默认值。d是默认值
user_info = {
    "Kname":"Vsidaodeng",
    "Kage":"V30",
    "Kgender":"Vmiss"
}
aa = user_info.get('Kname')   # 如果有这个值，就会打印出来value值
print(aa)
# Vsidaodeng

aa = user_info.get('Knameadasfad')  # 如果没有这个kye，就会打印None，但是不会报错
print(aa)
# None

# get 添加默认值
aa = user_info.get('Kage','123')   # 如果存在这个key，就会将对应的value打印出来
print(aa,1111)
# V30 1111
aa = user_info.get('Kage111','123')  # 如果没有aeg111这个key，那么就会给一个默认值123
print(aa)
# 123



######### 通过索引也可以取,如果没有这个key，就会报错 ########
######### 所以，推荐使用，get("key") 来获取。################
print(user_info['Kname'])
# Vsidaodeng
# print(user_info['Kname111111'])
# Kname
# #     print(user_info['Kname111111'])
# # Kage
# # KeyError: 'Kname111111'


############################### in ##########################################
# # 是检查字典中否有key
user_info = {
    "Kname":"Vsidaodeng",
    "Kage":"V30",
    "Kgender":"Vmiss"
}
aaaa = 'Kname' in user_info.keys()
print(aaaa)
# True

aaaa = 'Kname1231' in user_info.keys()
print(aaaa)
# False

############################### items ##########################################
# def items(self):  # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
# 所有项的列表形式

user_info = {
    "Kname":"Vsidaodeng",
    "Kage":"V30",
    "Kgender":"Vmiss"
}


############################### iteritems ##########################################
# def iteritems(self):  # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
# 项可迭代
user_info = {
    "Kname":"Vsidaodeng",
    "Kage":"V30",
    "Kgender":"Vmiss"
}
# 先不说，后期补充


############################### viewvalues ##########################################
# def iterkeys(self):  # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
user_info = {
    "Kname":"Vsidaodeng",
    "Kage":"V30",
    "Kgender":"Vmiss"
}




############################### viewvalues ##########################################
# def itervalues(self):  # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
# value可迭代 """

user_info = {
    "Kname":"Vsidaodeng",
    "Kage":"V30",
    "Kgender":"Vmiss"
}



############################### keys ##########################################
# def keys(self):  # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
# 所有的key列表

user_info = {
    "Kname":"Vsidaodeng",
    "Kage":"V30",
    "Kgender":"Vmiss"
}
# 列出所有的key



############################### pop ##########################################
# def pop(self, k, d=None):  # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
# 获取某个key，并在字典中移除掉
user_info = {
    "Kname":"Vsidaodeng",
    "Kage":"V30",
    "Kgender":"Vmiss"
}
bb = user_info.pop('Kage')
print(bb)
# V30
print(user_info)
# {'Kgender': 'Vmiss', 'Kname': 'Vsidaodeng'}

#
############################### popitem ##########################################
# def popitem(self):  # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
# 获取并在字典中移除,随机移除。
user_info = {
    "Kname":"Vsidaodeng",
    "Kage":"V30",
    "Kgender":"Vmiss"
}
bbbb = user_info.popitem()
print(bbbb)
"""
('Kage', 'V30')
('Kgender', 'Vmiss')
('Kname', 'Vsidaodeng')
"""

############################### setdefault ##########################################
# def setdefault(self, k, d=None):  # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
# 如果key不存在，则创建，如果存在，则返回已存在的值且不修改 """
user_info = {
    "Kname":"Vsidaodeng",
    "Kage":"V30",
    "Kgender":"Vmiss"
}



############################### update ##########################################
# def update(self, E=None, **F):  # known special case of dict.update
# 批量更新
user_info = {
    "Kname":"Vsidaodeng",
    "Kage":"V30",
    "Kgender":"Vmiss"
}
print(user_info)
# {'Kgender': 'Vmiss', 'Kage': 'V30', 'Kname': 'Vsidaodeng'}
hehe = {
    "a":1,
    "b":2,
    "c":3
}
user_info.update(hehe)
print(user_info)
# {'b': 2, 'Kgender': 'Vmiss', 'Kage': 'V30', 'a': 1, 'c': 3, 'Kname': 'Vsidaodeng'}
########################### update 添加 #############################################

hehe = {
    "a":1,
    "b":2,
    "c":3
}

# 方式一：
hehe.update({"d":4})

print(hehe)

# {'b': 2, 'c': 3, 'd': 4, 'a': 1}

# 方式二：

hehe["e"]=5
# print(hehe)

# {'b': 2, 'c': 3, 'd': 4, 'a': 1}
举例说明：

ttt = (11,22,["alex",{"k1":"v1"}])

ttt[2][1]["k2"] = "v2"             # 方式一等同于下面的方式二

ttt[2][1].update({"k2":"v2"})      # 方式二

print(ttt)
# (11, 22, ['alex', {'k2': 'v2', 'k1': 'v1'}])

############################### viewvalues ##########################################
# def values(self):  # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
#     """ 所有的值 """
#     """ D.values() -> list of D's values """
#     return []
user_info = {
    "Kname":"Vsidaodeng",
    "Kage":"V30",
    "Kgender":"Vmiss"
}


############################### viewvalues ##########################################
# def viewitems(self):  # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
#     """ 所有项，只是将内容保存至view对象中 """
#     """ D.viewitems() -> a set-like object providing a view on D's items """
#     pass
user_info = {
    "Kname":"Vsidaodeng",
    "Kage":"V30",
    "Kgender":"Vmiss"
}


############################### viewvalues ##########################################
# def viewkeys(self):  # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
#     """ D.viewkeys() -> a set-like object providing a view on D's keys """
#     pass
user_info = {
    "Kname":"Vsidaodeng",
    "Kage":"V30",
    "Kgender":"Vmiss"
}

############################### viewvalues ##########################################
# def viewvalues(self):
user_info = {
    "Kname":"Vsidaodeng",
    "Kage":"V30",
    "Kgender":"Vmiss"
}