Python 使用selenium爬取拉钩网Python职位信息（爬虫）

import random
import time
import csv
from urllib.parse import quote   
from lxml import etree
from selenium import webdriver

class LaGoSpider(object):
'''
封装为一个类，方便操作
'''

    def __init__(self):
        options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
        options.add_argument('--headless')
        options.add_experimental_option("prefs", {"profile.managed_default_content_settings.images": 2})
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome(r'D:\外安装软件\selenium1\chromedriver_win32\chromedriver.exe', options=options)
        self.data_list = []


    def address_url(self):
    '''
    获取目标url（拼接）
    '''
        self.citys = ['全国', '北京', '深圳', '广州', '杭州', '成都', '南京', '上海', '厦门', '西安', '长沙']
        self.baseurl = 'https://www.lagou.com/jobs/list_python?px=default&city={}'
        for self.city in self.citys:
            self.url = self.baseurl.format(quote(self.city))
            self.driver.get(self.url)
            print('正在爬取<%s>' % self.city)
            while True:
                source = self.driver.page_source
                self.position_url_parse(source)
                next_page = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath('//span[@class="pager_next "]')
                if 'contains(class, "pager_next")' in next_page.get_attribute('class'): # 判断一页是否爬取完成 
                    print('<%s爬取完毕>' % self.city)
                    break
                else:
                    self.driver.execute_script("arguments[0].click()", next_page)
                    print('----------------爬取下一页--------------')
                    time.sleep(random.randint(3, 5))

def position_url_parse(self, source):
'''
获取每个职位的url
'''
        html = etree.HTML(source)
        lis = html.xpath('//ul[@class="item_con_list"]//li')
        for li in lis:
            position_url = li.xpath('.//a[@class="position_link"]//@href')[0]
            self.request_urls(position_url)
            time.sleep(random.randint(1, 3))

    def request_urls(self, list_url):
        self.driver.execute_script('window.open("%s")' % list_url)
        self.driver.switch_to_window(self.driver.window_handles[1])
        source = self.driver.page_source
        self.parse_position(source)
        time.sleep(random.randint(1, 3))
        self.driver.close()
        self.driver.switch_to_window(self.driver.window_handles[0])
        time.sleep(random.randint(1, 3))

def parse_position(self, source):
'''
抓取每个职位的详情信息
'''
        self.data = {}
        html = etree.HTML(source)
        company = html.xpath('//dl[@class="job_company"]/dt/a/img/@alt')[0]
        print(company)
        self.data['公司'] = company
        name = html.xpath('//div[@class="position-content-l"]//span[@class="name"]/text()')[0]
        self.data['名称'] = name
        salary = html.xpath('//dd[@class="job_request"]/p[1]/span[1][@class="salary"]/text()')[0]
        self.data['薪资'] = salary
        city = ''.join(html.xpath('//dd[@class="job_request"]/p[1]/span[2]/text()')[0]).replace('/','')
        self.data['城市'] = city
        jinyan = ''.join(html.xpath('//dd[@class="job_request"]/p[1]/span[3]/text()')[0]).replace('/', '')
        self.data['经验'] = jinyan
        xueli = ''.join(html.xpath('//dd[@class="job_request"]/p[1]/span[4]/text()')[0]).replace('/','')
        self.data['学历'] = xueli
        zhihuo = html.xpath('//*[@id="job_detail"]/dd[1]/p/text()')[0]
        self.data['职位诱惑'] = zhihuo
        zhimiao = ''.join(html.xpath('//div[@class="job-detail"]//p//text()')).replace('岗位职责: ', '').replace('岗位要求：', '').replace('岗位职责：', '').replace('工作职责：', '').replace('项目背景：', '').replace('-', '').strip()
        self.data['职位描述'] = zhimiao
        self.data_list.append(self.data)
        self.csv_()


    def csv_(self):
    '''
    保存数据为csv
    '''
        header = ['公司', '名称', '薪资', '城市', '经验', '学历', '职位诱惑', '职位描述']
        with open('lagou_quanguo.csv', 'w', encoding='utf-8', newline='')as fb:
            writer = csv.DictWriter(fb, header)
            writer.writeheader()
            writer.writerows(self.data_list)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    LG = LaGoSpider()
    LG.address_url()