公钥私钥的那点事儿

支付宝开放平台： https://open.alipay.com/platform/home.htm
支付宝沙箱环境： https://openhome.alipay.com/platform/appDaily.htm?tab=info
支付宝开发者文档：https://openhome.alipay.com/developmentDocument.htm
电脑网站支付流程：https://docs.open.alipay.com/270
生成签名：https://docs.open.alipay.com/291/106103/
python-alipay-adk : https://github.com/fzlee/alipay/blob/master/README.zh-hans.md

# 访问"支付宝开发平台"登录，可以访问开发者中心
https://open.alipay.com/platform/home.htm
# 可以参考"电脑网站支付" 熟悉电脑支付整体流程
https://docs.open.alipay.com/270/105899/

from alipay import AliPay

# 沙箱环境中 app 私钥
app_private_key_string = open('app_private_key.pem').read()
# 支付宝公钥
alipay_public_key_string = open( 'alipay_public_key.pem').read()


def get_alipay_url():
    alipay = AliPay(
        appid="2016101800716047",  # 沙箱appid
        app_notify_url=None,  # 默认回调url
        app_private_key_string=app_private_key_string,
        # 支付宝的公钥，验证支付宝回传消息使用，不是你自己的公钥,
        alipay_public_key_string=alipay_public_key_string,
        sign_type="RSA",  # RSA 或者 RSA2
        debug=True,  # 默认False,我们是沙箱，所以改成True(让访问沙箱环境支付宝地址)
    )
    # 调用支付接口
    # 电脑网站支付，需要跳转到https://openapi.alipay.com/gateway.do? + order_string
    order_string = alipay.api_alipay_trade_page_pay(
        out_trade_no="201611124",  # 订单id，应该从前端获取
        total_amount=str(0.01),  # 订单总金额
        subject="测试阿里云付款",  # 付款标题信息
        return_url=None,  # 付款成功回调地址(可以为空)
        notify_url=None  # 付款成功后异步通知地址（可以为空）
    )
    pay_url = "https://openapi.alipaydev.com/gateway.do?" + order_string
    print(pay_url)  # 将这个url复制到浏览器，就会打开支付宝支付页面


def query_pay():
    alipay = AliPay(
        appid="2016101800716047",  # 沙箱appid
        app_notify_url=None,  # 默认回调url
        app_private_key_string=app_private_key_string,
        # 支付宝的公钥，验证支付宝回传消息使用，不是你自己的公钥
        alipay_public_key_string=alipay_public_key_string,
        sign_type="RSA",  # RSA 或者 RSA2
        debug=True,  # 默认False,我们是沙箱，所以改成True(让访问沙箱环境支付宝地址)
    )
    trade_query = alipay.api_alipay_trade_query(
        out_trade_no=20161112,  # 上面生成支付码页面时传入的商品订单号
        trade_no=None
    )
    print(trade_query)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    get_alipay_url()
    query_pay()


'''
trade_query 查询用户付款信息
返回信息详情请看官方：https://docs.open.alipay.com/api_1/alipay.trade.query
{
    "code": "10000",    # code=10000代表支付成功
    "msg": "Success",
    "buyer_logon_id": "foq***@sandbox.com",
    "buyer_pay_amount": "0.00",
    "buyer_user_id": "2088102180228981",
    "buyer_user_type": "PRIVATE",
    "invoice_amount": "0.00",
    "out_trade_no": "20161112",
    "point_amount": "0.00",
    "receipt_amount": "0.00",
    "send_pay_date": "2020-02-20 21:20:48",
    "total_amount": "0.01",
    "trade_no": "2020022022001428981000087565",
    "trade_status": "TRADE_SUCCESS"  
}
'''

alipay_test.py

-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDIgHnOn7LLILlKETd6BFRJ0GqgS2Y3mn1wMQmyh9zEyWlz5p1zrahRahbXAfCfSqshSNfqOmAQzSHRVjCqjsAw1jyqrXaPdKBmr90DIpIxmIyKXv4GGAkPyJ/6FTFY99uhpiq0qadD/uSzQsefWo0aTvP/65zi3eof7TcZ32oWpwIDAQAB
-----END PUBLIC KEY-----

-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
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
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----

import rsa
public_key, private_key = rsa.newkeys(1024)

>>> import rsa
>>> public_key, private_key = rsa.newkeys(1024)
>>> public_key
PublicKey(92152531277928235614668640293101435876412015819908668333258279694358387533076492868175407616659584948932430613207379632111064020593475841213537368715710670332858863680927621109917543626036905695973634958908960528780365668290457205838209776167934441340612604626115727114825218239811197485327788703960807389731, 65537)
>>> public_key.save_pkcs1()
b'-----BEGIN RSA PUBLIC KEY-----\nMIGJAoGBAIM6xHq+WggTLGNbUMBSAPEvFuWcv3pdtJmoLidVHG17jKyS4rCo+7vj\n41eqFkJNU1zEoxDWsUii2+yxNbgbkY16MdE+JnIVBfy7TfjeFeNfHuzB70kO5Ks3\ntwcdkZTGD55xCtwVvxW8PndLiR+62T9gcljGHmYP42cHtQILujojAgMBAAE=\n-----END RSA PUBLIC KEY-----\n'

import rsa

# 生成公钥、私钥
public_key, private_key = rsa.newkeys(1024)

# 保存公钥到U盘
with open('public_hulk.pem', 'w') as fp:
fp.write(public_key.save_pkcs1().decode()) # decode()：字节码转字符串

# 保存私钥到浩克的电脑上
with open('private_hulk.pem', 'w') as fp:
fp.write(private_key.save_pkcs1().decode()) # decode()：字节码转字符串

message = '绝不能让第三者知道！'

# 导入公钥
with open('public_hulk.pem', 'r') as f:
pubkey = rsa.PublicKey.load_pkcs1(f.read().encode()) # encode()：字符串转字节码

# 使用公钥加密信息
crypto = rsa.encrypt(message.encode('utf-8'), pubkey)

{P
`ﾷxﾓﾸýôﾹ}VEﾷﾍgÛDkﾢjﾺüWÉd.W$ﾇﾲN\kÙʞÑwﾌpi_ﾕﾸèqﾖõG

# 导入私钥
with open('private_hulk.pem', 'r') as f:
privkey= rsa.PrivateKey.load_pkcs1(f.read().encode()) # encode()：字符串转字节码

message = rsa.decrypt(crypto, privkey).decode('utf-8')

message = '按兵不动，不露声色。'

# 导入私钥
with open('private_hulk.pem', 'r') as f:
privkey= rsa.PrivateKey.load_pkcs1(f.read().encode())

# 生成摘要
digest = str(hash(message.encode('utf-8')))

# 生成签名
signature = rsa.encrypt(digest, privkey)

# 加密邮件内容
crypto = rsa.encrypt(message.encode('utf-8'), privkey)

# 导入公钥
with open('public_hulk.pem', 'r') as f:
pubkey = rsa.PublicKey.load_pkcs1(f.read().encode())

# 解密邮件内容：按兵不动，不露声色。
message = rsa.decrypt(crypto, pubkey ).decode('utf-8')

# 生成摘要1
digest1 = str(hash(message.encode('utf-8')))

# 解密数字签名，得到生成摘要0
digest0 = rsa.decrypt(signature , pubkey)

if digest0 == digest1：
print(message)