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社区首页 >专栏 >Android知识笔记:Android 仿iOS 侧滑关闭Activity框架透底问题

Android知识笔记:Android 仿iOS 侧滑关闭Activity框架透底问题

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修改2020-04-14 10:34:55
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修改2020-04-14 10:34:55
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文章被收录于专栏:Android技术分享Android技术分享

背景

问题描述

在项目中使用 SwipeBackLayout 或 SlidingMenu 侧滑关闭Activity框架时,由于windowIsTranslucent这个属性设置为了true,导致按home键退到桌面在返回App时会出现两个问题。

  • 先显示上层的Activity,再显示当前交互的Activity。(感觉闪一下)
  • 概率出现当前Activity整个页面为透明,屏幕显示的是上一个界面的Activity,但是当前Activity并没有销毁,并且可以交互

这个是比较严重的用户体验问题,特别在小米手机上会特别明显。

过程

问题猜想

之前就出现过首页透底显示桌面的情况,是因为Theme中windowIsTranslucent = true导致这个问题,通过修改windowIsTranslucent = false属性,彻底解决了首页透底问题。

实施

方案A: 修改所有Activity Theme windowIsTranslucent = true 属性

同样的配方同样的味道 替换所有所有Activity Theme 将window 改为不透明,背景颜色改为透明

代码语言:javascript
复制
    <style name="AppBaseTheme" parent="@style/Theme.AppCompat.Light.NoActionBar">
        <item name="android:windowIsTranslucent">false</item>
        <item name="android:windowBackground">@color/transparent</item>
    </style>

运行后的效果图:

闪烁透底的问题是解决了,但是侧滑框架出现了侧滑后看不到底部内容,方案A失败;

方案B:动态设置Activity Theme

在当前App退到后台时替换Activity为非透明主题,在Activity恢复到前台被点击时替换为透明主题; 如何动态修改Activity Theme?

代码语言:javascript
复制
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        if (current_theme!= -1){
            this.setTheme(current_theme);
        }
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        findViewById(R.id.bt_theme).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                changeTheme(GREEN_THEME);
            }
        });
    }

    public void changeTheme(int index) {
        switch (index) {
            case DEFAULT_THEME:
                current_theme = R.style.DefaultTheme;
                break;
            case GREEN_THEME:
                current_theme = R.style.GreenTheme;
                break;
            case ORANGE_THEME:
                current_theme = R.style.OrangeTheme;
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }

    protected void reload() {
        Intent intent = getIntent();
        overridePendingTransition(0, 0);
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NO_ANIMATION);
        finish();
        overridePendingTransition(0, 0);
        startActivity(intent);
    }

其实设置主题必须在任何view创建之前,所以我们不可能在activity的onCreate之后来更改主题,如果一定要做,就只能调用setTheme(),然后调用recreate(),重新创建一个activity,并且销毁上一个activity; 所以这个方案并不可行,整个界面必须销毁重建。 已知的Android theme修改方式

  • AndroidManifest 设置Activity Theme
  • 在Activity setContentView执行前 调用setTheme

可以通过其他方式修改Activity windowIsTranslucent 属性吗?

方案B+:反射动态设置Activity windowIsTranslucent

查阅Activity源码,看一下他是如何变成透明的

代码语言:javascript
复制
     /**
     * Convert a translucent themed Activity {@link android.R.attr#windowIsTranslucent} back from
     * opaque to translucent following a call to {@link #convertFromTranslucent()}.
     * <p>
     * Calling this allows the Activity behind this one to be seen again. Once all such Activities
     * have been redrawn {@link TranslucentConversionListener#onTranslucentConversionComplete} will
     * be called indicating that it is safe to make this activity translucent again. Until
     * {@link TranslucentConversionListener#onTranslucentConversionComplete} is called the image
     * behind the frontmost Activity will be indeterminate.
     * <p>
     * This call has no effect on non-translucent activities or on activities with the
     * {@link android.R.attr#windowIsFloating} attribute.
     *
     * @param callback the method to call when all visible Activities behind this one have been
     * drawn and it is safe to make this Activity translucent again.
     * @param options activity options delivered to the activity below this one. The options
     * are retrieved using {@link #getActivityOptions}.
     * @return <code>true</code> if Window was opaque and will become translucent or
     * <code>false</code> if window was translucent and no change needed to be made.
     *
     * @see #convertFromTranslucent()
     * @see TranslucentConversionListener
     *
     * @hide
     */
    @SystemApi
    public boolean convertToTranslucent(TranslucentConversionListener callback,
            ActivityOptions options) {
        boolean drawComplete;
        try {
            mTranslucentCallback = callback;
            mChangeCanvasToTranslucent = ActivityManager.getService().convertToTranslucent(
                    mToken, options == null ? null : options.toBundle());
            WindowManagerGlobal.getInstance().changeCanvasOpacity(mToken, false);
            drawComplete = true;
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            // Make callback return as though it timed out.
            mChangeCanvasToTranslucent = false;
            drawComplete = false;
        }
        if (!mChangeCanvasToTranslucent && mTranslucentCallback != null) {
            // Window is already translucent.
            mTranslucentCallback.onTranslucentConversionComplete(drawComplete);
        }
        return mChangeCanvasToTranslucent;
    }

 /**
     * Convert a translucent themed Activity {@link android.R.attr#windowIsTranslucent} to a
     * fullscreen opaque Activity.
     * <p>
     * Call this whenever the background of a translucent Activity has changed to become opaque.
     * Doing so will allow the {@link android.view.Surface} of the Activity behind to be released.
     * <p>
     * This call has no effect on non-translucent activities or on activities with the
     * {@link android.R.attr#windowIsFloating} attribute.
     *
     * @see #convertToTranslucent(android.app.Activity.TranslucentConversionListener,
     * ActivityOptions)
     * @see TranslucentConversionListener
     *
     * @hide
     */
    @SystemApi
    public void convertFromTranslucent() {
        try {
            mTranslucentCallback = null;
            if (ActivityManager.getService().convertFromTranslucent(mToken)) {
                WindowManagerGlobal.getInstance().changeCanvasOpacity(mToken, true);
            }
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            // pass
        }
    }

可以看到这个两个Api就是将Activity转化为投透明和非透明通过 ActivityManager.getService() 和 WindowManagerGlobal.getInstance().changeCanvasOpacity()修改Window透明属性;

  • convertToTranslucent //将当前Activity Window 设置为透明
  • convertFromTranslucent //将当前 Activity Window 设置为非透明

由于是系统Api 并有 @hide 标注 正常是无法调用的,可以通过反射来调用; 反射调用如下:

代码语言:javascript
复制
    /**
     * Convert a translucent themed Activity
     * 将Activity 改为透明
     */
    public static void convertActivityToTranslucent(Activity activity) {
        long timeMillis = SystemClock.currentThreadTimeMillis();
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) {
            convertActivityToTranslucentAfterL(activity);
        } else {
            convertActivityToTranslucentBeforeL(activity);
        }
        FxLog.d("convertActivity :  convertActivityToTranslucent  time = " + (SystemClock.currentThreadTimeMillis() - timeMillis));
    }

    /**
     * Calling the convertToTranslucent method on platforms before Android 5.0
     */
    public static void convertActivityToTranslucentBeforeL(Activity activity) {
        try {
            Class<?>[] classes = Activity.class.getDeclaredClasses();
            Class<?> translucentConversionListenerClazz = null;
            for (Class clazz : classes) {
                if (clazz.getSimpleName().contains("TranslucentConversionListener")) {
                    translucentConversionListenerClazz = clazz;
                }
            }
            Method method = Activity.class.getDeclaredMethod("convertToTranslucent",
                    translucentConversionListenerClazz);
            method.setAccessible(true);
            method.invoke(activity, new Object[] {
                    null
            });
        } catch (Throwable t) {
        }
    }

    /**
     * Calling the convertToTranslucent method on platforms after Android 5.0
     */
    private static void convertActivityToTranslucentAfterL(Activity activity) {
        try {
            Method getActivityOptions = Activity.class.getDeclaredMethod("getActivityOptions");
            getActivityOptions.setAccessible(true);
            Object options = getActivityOptions.invoke(activity);

            Class<?>[] classes = Activity.class.getDeclaredClasses();
            Class<?> translucentConversionListenerClazz = null;
            for (Class clazz : classes) {
                if (clazz.getSimpleName().contains("TranslucentConversionListener")) {
                    translucentConversionListenerClazz = clazz;
                }
            }
            Method convertToTranslucent = Activity.class.getDeclaredMethod("convertToTranslucent",
                    translucentConversionListenerClazz, ActivityOptions.class);
            convertToTranslucent.setAccessible(true);
            convertToTranslucent.invoke(activity, null, options);
        } catch (Throwable t) {
        }
    }

性能问题的思考

这样的反射是否对性能有损耗呢?在调用时做了耗时测试 在日志打印中可以看到性能完全不会受影响;

为了进一步优化并减少反射调用,仅在用户触发侧滑、侧滑完全闭合时修改Activity透明属性

代码语言:javascript
复制
    public void setWindowToTranslucent(boolean translucent) {
        if (isTranslucentWindow == translucent || !isSlidingEnabled()){
            return;
        }
        isTranslucentWindow = translucent;
        if (isTranslucentWindow) {
            convertActivityToTranslucent(((Activity) getContext()));
        } else {
            convertActivityFromTranslucent(((Activity) getContext()));
        }
    }

稳定性问题的思考

由于是系统Api 在不同版本会略有不同,做了版本区分。并对反射Api做了try/catch保护,在反射Api调用异常的情况下,不会对App功能有影响。原Activity windowIsTranslucent 属性不变

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总结

  1. 设置windowIsTranslucent =true 后,退后台再打开App时上层的Activity 会被再次绘制
  2. Activity 替换主题的两种方式
  • AndroidManifest 设置Activity Theme
  • 在Activity setContentView执行前 调用setTheme
  1. Activity 源码分析
  • convertToTranslucent //将当前Activity Window 设置为透明
  • convertFromTranslucent //将当前 Activity Window 设置为非透明
  1. 反射调用

思考

1.在9.0后 @hide Api 通过反射是无法调用,后续是解决方案 2.除了修改windowIsTranslucent 还没有有其他的解决方案? 3.如何从根源思考、解决问题

最后我想说:对于程序员来说,要学习的知识内容、技术有太多太多,要想不被环境淘汰就只有不断提升自己,从来都是我们去适应环境,而不是环境来适应我们!

原创声明:本文系作者授权腾讯云开发者社区发表,未经许可,不得转载。

如有侵权,请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除。

原创声明:本文系作者授权腾讯云开发者社区发表,未经许可,不得转载。

如有侵权,请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除。

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目录
  • 背景
    • 问题描述
    • 过程
      • 问题猜想
        • 实施
        • 总结
        • 思考
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