django+Highcharts.js可视化数据的一个小例子
django+Highcharts.js可视化数据的一个小例子
参考资料
- 文章1 https://simpleisbetterthancomplex.com/tutorial/2018/04/03/how-to-integrate-highcharts-js-with-django.html
- 文章2：csv文件读入数据库 https://abhishekchhibber.com/django-importing-a-csv-file-to-database-models/
- b站视频1 https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1c4411X7hp/?spm_id_from=333.788.videocard.3
- b站视频2 https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV147411x7Wj?from=search&seid=5982157302671432985
我的django版本是2.2，python版本是3.6.3
步骤
新建project和app
django-admin startproject highcharts
cd highcharts
python manage.py startapp clusterbar
使用pycharm打开highcharts文件夹
在clusterbar/models.py文件里添加代码
class PopulationByRegion(models.Model):
region = models.CharField(max_length=50)
pp1800 = models.IntegerField()
pp1900 = models.IntegerField()
pp2012 = models.IntegerField()
配置路由
highcharts/urls.py文件代码
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django.urls import include
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
path('clusterbar/',include('clusterbar.urls')),
]
在clusterbar文件夹下新建urls.py文件，写入代码
from django.urls import path
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
path('popbyregion/',views.popbyregion,name="popbyregion"),
]
编写视图函数
在clusterbar的views.py文件中写入代码
from django.shortcuts import render
from .models import PopulationByRegion
# Create your views here.
def popbyregion(request):
df = PopulationByRegion.objects.all()
region = []
pp1800 = []
pp1900 = []
pp2012 = []
for info in df:
region.append(info.region)
pp1800.append(info.pp1800)
pp1900.append(info.pp1900)
pp2012.append(info.pp2012)
context = {'region':region,'pp1800':pp1800,'pp1900':pp1900,'pp2012':pp2012}
return render(request,'popbyregion.html',context=context)
配置模板
在highcharts文件夹下新建templates文件夹，在templates文件夹下新建popbyregion.html文件 并写入代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Django Highcharts Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="container"></div>
<script src="https://code.highcharts.com/highcharts.src.js"></script>
<script>
Highcharts.chart('container', {
chart: {
type: 'column'
},
title: {
text: 'Historic World Population by Region'
},
xAxis: {
categories: {{ region | safe }}
},
series: [{
name: 'Year 1800',
data: {{ pp1800 }}
}, {
name: 'Year 1900',
data: {{ pp1900 }}
}, {
name: 'Year 2012',
data: {{ pp2012 }}
}]
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
修改配置文件
注册app
添加模板路径
迁移数据库
python manage.py makemigrations
python manage migrate
给数据库中添加数据
python manage.py shell
import csv
from clusterbar.models import PopulationByRegion
with open('example.csv') as csvfile:
reader = csv.DictReader(csvfile)
for row in reader:
p = PopulationByRegion(region=rwo['continent'],
pp1800=int(row["year_1800"]),
pp1900=int(row['year_1900']),
pp2012=int(row['year_2012']))
p.save()
quit()
创建管理员，登录后台查看数据
python manage.py createsuperuser
依次输入用户名、邮箱密码 注册数据 在clusterbar文件夹下的admin.py中添加代码
from django.contrib import admin
from .models import PopulationByRegion
# Register your models here.
admin.site.register(PopulationByRegion)
启动服务器可以看到数据已经添加过来了
安装django-simpleui美化后台界面
https://github.com/sea-team/simpleui#%E5%BC%80%E5%A7%8B%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8
按照以上链接进行配置 后台变成了这样
输入链接http://127.0.0.1:8000/clusterbar/popbyregion/
可以看到结果
过程中我遇到了一个报错
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: The included URLconf '<module 'clusterbar.urls' from 'C:\Users\mingy\Desktop\Python\Django_Practice\highcharts\clusterbar\urls.py'>' does not appear to have any patterns in it. If you see valid patterns in the file then the issue is probably caused by a circular import.
是因为我将新建的urls.py文件中的urlpatterns写成了urlpattern