快速搞懂Oracle 19c安全新特性 (二)Privilege Analysis（权限分析）

Release 19 Security Guide
http://dwz.date/abwx
>5 Performing Privilege Analysis to Find Privilege Use

能够捕获更多的权限使用状况
能够捕获权限的未使用状况
能够多次运行捕获策略

Release 18 Administrator's Guide
http://dwz.date/abw7
>Changes in Oracle Database Vault 12c Release 2 (12.2)
>Privilege Analysis Enhancements

Release 18 Database Licensing Information User Manual
http://dwz.date/abwN
>Table 1-10 Security
    
Release 19 Database New Features Guide
http://dwz.date/abwT
>Privilege Analysis Now Available in Oracle Database Enterprise Edition

根据业务需求，创建权限分析策略。 
启用策略，开始捕获权限使用情况。 
禁用策略，停止捕获权限使用情况。 
生成权限分析结果。

G_DATABASE：基于数据库范围的权限分析（SYS权限除外）。
G_ROLE：基于角色（Role）的权限分析。
G_CONTEXT：基于上下文（根据条件）的权限分析。
G_ROLE_AND_CONTEXT：基于角色和上下文的权限分析。

Release 19 PL/SQL Packages and Types Reference
http://dwz.date/abyu
>126 DBMS_PRIVILEGE_CAPTURE

--1.创建用户
conn / as sysdbaset echo onset termout on
--创建分析用户drop user cap_user cascade;create user cap_user identified by cap_user;grant connect,resource to cap_user;grant capture_admin to cap_user;
--创建测试用户drop user test_priv cascade;create user test_priv identified by test_priv;grant connect,resource to test_priv;grant SELECT ANY TABLE to test_priv;

--2.定义权限分析策略--DBMS_PRIVILEGE_CAPTURE.CREATE_CAPTURE--G_DATABASE，G_ROLE，G_CONTEXT，G_ROLE_AND_CONTEXT
conn cap_user/cap_user
--2-1 SYS_CONTEXT 权限分析--如果存在的话删除存在的分析策略EXEC DBMS_PRIVILEGE_CAPTURE.DROP_CAPTURE ('Context Based Policy');
BEGIN     DBMS_PRIVILEGE_CAPTURE.CREATE_CAPTURE(      name           => 'Context Based Policy',      description    => 'Context Based Policy test',      type           => DBMS_PRIVILEGE_CAPTURE.G_CONTEXT,      condition      => 'SYS_CONTEXT(''USERENV'', ''SESSION_USER'')=''TEST_PRIV''');    END;/

--3. 启用策略
BEGIN      DBMS_PRIVILEGE_CAPTURE.ENABLE_CAPTURE (       name       => 'Context Based Policy',       run_name   => 'Context_Based_Policy_first_run');    END;/
---确认分析策略col NAME format a20SELECT NAME, TYPE, ENABLED FROM DBA_PRIV_CAPTURES;
    SQL> SELECT NAME, TYPE, ENABLED FROM DBA_PRIV_CAPTURES;
    NAME                 TYPE             E    -------------------- ---------------- -    Context Based Policy CONTEXT          Y★    ORA$DEPENDENCY       DATABASE         N
--4.使用测试用户执行一些操作 （监测对象）conn test_priv/test_privselect * from dual;
--5. 禁用策略conn cap_user/cap_user
EXEC DBMS_PRIVILEGE_CAPTURE.DISABLE_CAPTURE ('Context Based Policy');

--6.生成权限分析报告
BEGIN  DBMS_PRIVILEGE_CAPTURE.GENERATE_RESULT (    name      => 'Context Based Policy',    run_name  => 'Context_Based_Policy_first_run'); END; /

--7.查看权限分析报告--DBA_USED_{PRIVS|SYSPRIVS|OBJPRIVS}--DBA_UNUSED_{PRIVS|SYSPRIVS|OBJPRIVS}
--7.1 使用的权限分析报告set linesize 200set pagesize 200col SYS_PRIV format a20col OBJECT_OWNER format a20col OBJECT_NAME format a30col RUN_NAME format a30
SELECT SYS_PRIV, OBJECT_OWNER, OBJECT_NAME, RUN_NAME FROM DBA_USED_PRIVS WHERE USERNAME = 'TEST_PRIV';
    SYS_PRIV             OBJECT_OWNER         OBJECT_NAME                    RUN_NAME    -------------------- -------------------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------                         SYS                  DUAL                           CONTEXT_BASED_POLICY_FIRST_RUN                         SYS                  DUAL                           CONTEXT_BASED_POLICY_FIRST_RUN    CREATE SESSION                                                           CONTEXT_BASED_POLICY_FIRST_RUN                         SYS                  DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO          CONTEXT_BASED_POLICY_FIRST_RUN


--7.2 未使用的权限分析报告col OBJ_PRIV format a20col PATH format a60SELECT SYS_PRIV, OBJ_PRIV, OBJECT_NAME, PATH FROM DBA_UNUSED_PRIVSWHERE CAPTURE = 'Context Based Policy';
    SYS_PRIV             OBJ_PRIV             OBJECT_NAME                    PATH    -------------------- -------------------- ------------------------------ -------------------------------------------------    SELECT ANY TABLE                                                         GRANT_PATH('TEST_PRIV')    SET CONTAINER                                                            GRANT_PATH('TEST_PRIV', 'CONNECT')    CREATE INDEXTYPE                                                         GRANT_PATH('TEST_PRIV', 'RESOURCE')    CREATE OPERATOR                                                          GRANT_PATH('TEST_PRIV', 'RESOURCE')    CREATE TYPE                                                              GRANT_PATH('TEST_PRIV', 'RESOURCE')    CREATE TRIGGER                                                           GRANT_PATH('TEST_PRIV', 'RESOURCE')    CREATE PROCEDURE                                                         GRANT_PATH('TEST_PRIV', 'RESOURCE')    CREATE SEQUENCE                                                          GRANT_PATH('TEST_PRIV', 'RESOURCE')    CREATE CLUSTER                                                           GRANT_PATH('TEST_PRIV', 'RESOURCE')    CREATE TABLE                                                             GRANT_PATH('TEST_PRIV', 'RESOURCE')                         READ                 JSON$USER_COLLECTION_METADATA  GRANT_PATH('TEST_PRIV', 'RESOURCE', 'SODA_APP')                         EXECUTE              DBMS_SODA_ADMIN                GRANT_PATH('TEST_PRIV', 'RESOURCE', 'SODA_APP')                         EXECUTE              DBMS_SODA_USER_ADMIN           GRANT_PATH('TEST_PRIV', 'RESOURCE', 'SODA_APP')
    13 rows selected.