python读取xml格式的文件

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<data>
    <country name="Liechtenstein">
        <rank>1</rank>
        <year>2008</year>
        <gdppc>141100</gdppc>
        <neighbor name="Austria" direction="E"/>
        <neighbor name="Switzerland" direction="W"/>
    </country>
    <country name="Singapore">
        <rank>4</rank>
        <year>2011</year>
        <gdppc>59900</gdppc>
        <neighbor name="Malaysia" direction="N"/>
    </country>
    <country name="Panama">
        <rank>68</rank>
        <year>2011</year>
        <gdppc>13600</gdppc>
        <neighbor name="Costa Rica" direction="W"/>
        <neighbor name="Colombia" direction="E"/>
    </country>
</data>

>>> import xml.etree.ElementTree
>>> from  xml.etree.ElementTree import parse
>>> xml = parse('input.xml')
# 获取根节点标签
>>> root = xml.getroot()
# 对于每个节点，都要tag和attrib两个属性
# tag对应标签名
>>> root.tag
'data'
# attrib对应标签的属性，是一个字典
>>> root.attrib
{}

>>> for child in root:
...     print(child.tag, child.attrib)
...
country {'name': 'Liechtenstein'}
country {'name': 'Singapore'}
country {'name': 'Panama'}

>>> for neighbor in root.iter('neighbor'):
...     print(neighbor.get('name'))
...
Austria
Switzerland
Malaysia
Costa Rica
Colombia

>>> for country in root.findall("country"):
...     year = country.find('year')
...     print(year.text)
...
2008
2011
2011