Windows Terminal使用及美化

Dreamy.TZK

修改于 2020-06-05 10:13:23

3.2K0

修改于 2020-06-05 10:13:23

文章被收录于专栏：小康的自留地小康的自留地

文本最后编辑时间：2020-06-04

前言

在这之前，我一直使用的都是cmder，但是这东西说真的，有点难用。不过好在微软推出了Windows Terminal，经过我的实测，感觉还是不错的。毕竟颜值才是第一生产力。

开始操作

下载Windows Terminal 下载很简单，在微软商店下载即可。

安装一个字体，比较推荐的是Fira Code。单击此处从 GitHub 下载。
安装新款 Powershell Core 首先声明，我们这儿用的 Powershell 与 Windows 自带的 Powershell 是完全不同的两个东西，除了功能相似和名字相同，两者内在已经天差地别。 Powershell Core 是什么呢？这是伟大的 .Net Core 跨平台战略的一个重要组成部分，微软设想，要让强大的 .Net 在所有平台上通用，让这么强大的 Powershell 在所有平台上都能用，古老的 bash 可以退休了！下载地址

安装Powershell插件
- PSReadLine PSReadLine 是一个由微软发布的用于 PowerShell 的行读取实现，提供了以下功能：
  - 语法着色
  - 简单语法错误通知
  - 良好的多行体验
  - 可自定义的键绑定
  - Cmd和Emacs模式
  - 许多配置选项
  - Bash 样式的补全
  - Bash/zsh 样式的交互式历史记录搜索
  - Emacs yank/kill ring
  - 基于 PowerShell Token 的单词移动和删除
  - 撤销/重做
  - 自动保存历史记录，包括在实时会话中共享历史记录
  - 菜单补全、Intellisense
  GitHub地址：https://github.com/PowerShell/PSReadLine
- oh-my-posh&posh-git 类似于 oh-my-zsh，oh-my-posh 为 PowerShell 提供了很多自定义主题和配色，而 posh-git 为 PowerShell 提供了 git 状态显示和命令补全等。 GitHub地址：https://github.com/JanDeDobbeleer/oh-my-posh
看完上边的三个插件介绍，我们来安装这三个插件。用管理员模式打开刚装好的新版 powershell，逐行输入命令。 # 1. 安装 PSReadline 包，该插件可以让命令行很好用，类似 zsh Install-Module -Name PSReadLine -AllowPrerelease -Force # 2. 安装 posh-git 包，让你的 git 更好用 Install-Module posh-git -Scope CurrentUser # 3. 安装 oh-my-posh 包，让你的命令行更酷炫、优雅 Install-Module oh-my-posh -Scope CurrentUser

一定要用刚刚安装的新版的powershell，安装过程可能过于慢，请耐心等待。 后面两个包的来源可能不受系统信任，不用管它，如果让你选择是否信任，直接输入 Y 即可。

编辑$Profile文件。这个文件类似于 ~/.zshrc，会在 PowerShell 启动的时候自动执行，因此我们在这个文件中加载我们所需的模块。
- Windows notepad.exe $Profile
- Linux nano $Profile
然后在这个文件中添加如下内容：

Import-Module posh-git # 引入 posh-git
Import-Module oh-my-posh # 引入 oh-my-posh

Set-Theme Paradox # 设置主题为 Paradox

Set-PSReadlineKeyHandler -Key Tab -Function Complete # 设置 Tab 键补全
Set-PSReadLineKeyHandler -Key "Ctrl+d" -Function MenuComplete # 设置 Ctrl+d 为菜单补全和 Intellisense
Set-PSReadLineKeyHandler -Key "Ctrl+z" -Function Undo # 设置 Ctrl+z 为撤销
Set-PSReadLineKeyHandler -Key UpArrow -Function HistorySearchBackward # 设置向上键为后向搜索历史记录
Set-PSReadLineKeyHandler -Key DownArrow -Function HistorySearchForward # 设置向下键为前向搜索历史纪录

接下来打开Windows Terminal。 Windows Terminal默认为旧版本的powershell，我们需要把新版本作为默认。

修改的内容有三个，如果你不想自己改可以直接将我的粘贴到配置文件。

// This file was initially generated by Windows Terminal 1.0.1401.0
// It should still be usable in newer versions, but newer versions might have additional
// settings, help text, or changes that you will not see unless you clear this file
// and let us generate a new one for you.

// To view the default settings, hold "alt" while clicking on the "Settings" button.
// For documentation on these settings, see: https://aka.ms/terminal-documentation
{
  "$schema": "https://aka.ms/terminal-profiles-schema",

  "defaultProfile": "{574e775e-4f2a-5b96-ac1e-a2962a402336}",

  // You can add more global application settings here.
  // To learn more about global settings, visit https://aka.ms/terminal-global-settings

  // If enabled, selections are automatically copied to your clipboard.
  "copyOnSelect": false,

  // If enabled, formatted data is also copied to your clipboard
  "copyFormatting": false,

  // A profile specifies a command to execute paired with information about how it should look and feel.
  // Each one of them will appear in the 'New Tab' dropdown,
  //   and can be invoked from the commandline with `wt.exe -p xxx`
  // To learn more about profiles, visit https://aka.ms/terminal-profile-settings
  "profiles": {
    "defaults": {
      // Put settings here that you want to apply to all profiles.
    },
    "list": [
      {
        // Make changes here to the powershell.exe profile.
        "guid": "{61c54bbd-c2c6-5271-96e7-009a87ff44bf}",
        "name": "Windows PowerShell",
        "commandline": "powershell.exe",
        "hidden": false
      },
      {
        // Make changes here to the cmd.exe profile.
        "guid": "{0caa0dad-35be-5f56-a8ff-afceeeaa6101}",
        "name": "命令提示符",
        "commandline": "cmd.exe",
        "hidden": false
      },
      {
        "guid": "{b453ae62-4e3d-5e58-b989-0a998ec441b8}",
        "hidden": false,
        "name": "Azure Cloud Shell",
        "source": "Windows.Terminal.Azure"
      },
      {
        "guid": "{574e775e-4f2a-5b96-ac1e-a2962a402336}",
        "hidden": false,
        "name": "PowerShell",
        "source": "Windows.Terminal.PowershellCore"
      },
      {
        // Powershell 7.1.0-preview.2 配置
        "guid": "{574e775e-4f2a-5b96-ac1e-a2962a402336}",
        "hidden": false,
        "name": "pwsh",
        // 注意：一定要写上 -nologo，否则开启 powershll 会有一段话输出，很讨厌！
        "commandline": "C:/Program Files/PowerShell/7-preview/pwsh.exe -nologo",
        "source": "Windows.Terminal.PowershellCore",
        // 启动菜单一定要设置为 <.>，否则后面重要的一步将会无效！
        "startingDirectory": ".",
        // 字体
        "fontFace": "Fira Code",
        "fontSize": 11,
        "historySize": 9001,
        "padding": "5, 5, 20, 25",
        "snapOnInput": true,
        "useAcrylic": false,
        // 颜色
        "colorScheme": "idleToes"
      }    ]
  },

  // Add custom color schemes to this array.
  // To learn more about color schemes, visit https://aka.ms/terminal-color-schemes
  "schemes": [
    {
      "name": "Zenburn",
      "black": "#4d4d4d",
      "red": "#705050",
      "green": "#60b48a",
      "yellow": "#f0dfaf",
      "blue": "#506070",
      "purple": "#dc8cc3",
      "cyan": "#8cd0d3",
      "white": "#dcdccc",
      "brightBlack": "#709080",
      "brightRed": "#dca3a3",
      "brightGreen": "#c3bf9f",
      "brightYellow": "#e0cf9f",
      "brightBlue": "#94bff3",
      "brightPurple": "#ec93d3",
      "brightCyan": "#93e0e3",
      "brightWhite": "#ffffff",
      "background": "#3f3f3f",
      "foreground": "#dcdccc"
    },
    {
      "name": "PencilDark",
      "black": "#212121",
      "red": "#c30771",
      "green": "#10a778",
      "yellow": "#a89c14",
      "blue": "#008ec4",
      "purple": "#523c79",
      "cyan": "#20a5ba",
      "white": "#d9d9d9",
      "brightBlack": "#424242",
      "brightRed": "#fb007a",
      "brightGreen": "#5fd7af",
      "brightYellow": "#f3e430",
      "brightBlue": "#20bbfc",
      "brightPurple": "#6855de",
      "brightCyan": "#4fb8cc",
      "brightWhite": "#f1f1f1",
      "background": "#212121",
      "foreground": "#f1f1f1"
    },
    {
      "name": "Slate",
      "black": "#222222",
      "red": "#e2a8bf",
      "green": "#81d778",
      "yellow": "#c4c9c0",
      "blue": "#264b49",
      "purple": "#a481d3",
      "cyan": "#15ab9c",
      "white": "#02c5e0",
      "brightBlack": "#ffffff",
      "brightRed": "#ffcdd9",
      "brightGreen": "#beffa8",
      "brightYellow": "#d0ccca",
      "brightBlue": "#7ab0d2",
      "brightPurple": "#c5a7d9",
      "brightCyan": "#8cdfe0",
      "brightWhite": "#e0e0e0",
      "background": "#222222",
      "foreground": "#35b1d2"
    },
    {
      "name": "OneHalfDark",
      "black": "#282c34",
      "red": "#e06c75",
      "green": "#98c379",
      "yellow": "#e5c07b",
      "blue": "#61afef",
      "purple": "#c678dd",
      "cyan": "#56b6c2",
      "white": "#dcdfe4",
      "brightBlack": "#282c34",
      "brightRed": "#e06c75",
      "brightGreen": "#98c379",
      "brightYellow": "#e5c07b",
      "brightBlue": "#61afef",
      "brightPurple": "#c678dd",
      "brightCyan": "#56b6c2",
      "brightWhite": "#dcdfe4",
      "background": "#282c34",
      "foreground": "#dcdfe4"
    },
    {
      "name": "OneHalfLight",
      "black": "#383a42",
      "red": "#e45649",
      "green": "#50a14f",
      "yellow": "#c18401",
      "blue": "#0184bc",
      "purple": "#a626a4",
      "cyan": "#0997b3",
      "white": "#fafafa",
      "brightBlack": "#4f525e",
      "brightRed": "#e06c75",
      "brightGreen": "#98c379",
      "brightYellow": "#e5c07b",
      "brightBlue": "#61afef",
      "brightPurple": "#c678dd",
      "brightCyan": "#56b6c2",
      "brightWhite": "#ffffff",
      "background": "#fafafa",
      "foreground": "#383a42"
    },
    {
      "name": "Material",
      "black": "#212121",
      "red": "#b7141f",
      "green": "#457b24",
      "yellow": "#f6981e",
      "blue": "#134eb2",
      "purple": "#560088",
      "cyan": "#0e717c",
      "white": "#efefef",
      "brightBlack": "#424242",
      "brightRed": "#e83b3f",
      "brightGreen": "#7aba3a",
      "brightYellow": "#ffea2e",
      "brightBlue": "#54a4f3",
      "brightPurple": "#aa4dbc",
      "brightCyan": "#26bbd1",
      "brightWhite": "#d9d9d9",
      "background": "#eaeaea",
      "foreground": "#232322"
    },
    {
      "name": "MaterialDark",
      "black": "#212121",
      "red": "#b7141f",
      "green": "#457b24",
      "yellow": "#f6981e",
      "blue": "#134eb2",
      "purple": "#560088",
      "cyan": "#0e717c",
      "white": "#efefef",
      "brightBlack": "#424242",
      "brightRed": "#e83b3f",
      "brightGreen": "#7aba3a",
      "brightYellow": "#ffea2e",
      "brightBlue": "#54a4f3",
      "brightPurple": "#aa4dbc",
      "brightCyan": "#26bbd1",
      "brightWhite": "#d9d9d9",
      "background": "#232322",
      "foreground": "#e5e5e5"
    },
    {
      "name": "Homebrew",
      "black": "#000000",
      "red": "#FC5275",
      "green": "#00a600",
      "yellow": "#999900",
      "blue": "#6666e9",
      "purple": "#b200b2",
      "cyan": "#00a6b2",
      "white": "#bfbfbf",
      "brightBlack": "#666666",
      "brightRed": "#e50000",
      "brightGreen": "#00d900",
      "brightYellow": "#e5e500",
      "brightBlue": "#0000ff",
      "brightPurple": "#e500e5",
      "brightCyan": "#00e5e5",
      "brightWhite": "#e5e5e5",
      "background": "#283033",
      "foreground": "#00ff00"
    },
    {
      "name": "Breeze",
      "black": "#31363b",
      "red": "#ed1515",
      "green": "#11d116",
      "yellow": "#f67400",
      "blue": "#1d99f3",
      "purple": "#9b59b6",
      "cyan": "#1abc9c",
      "white": "#eff0f1",
      "brightBlack": "#7f8c8d",
      "brightRed": "#c0392b",
      "brightGreen": "#1cdc9a",
      "brightYellow": "#fdbc4b",
      "brightBlue": "#3daee9",
      "brightPurple": "#8e44ad",
      "brightCyan": "#16a085",
      "brightWhite": "#fcfcfc",
      "background": "#31363b",
      "foreground": "#eff0f1"
    },
    {
      "name": "idleToes",
      "black": "#323232",
      "red": "#d25252",
      "green": "#7fe173",
      "yellow": "#ffc66d",
      "blue": "#4099ff",
      "purple": "#f680ff",
      "cyan": "#bed6ff",
      "white": "#eeeeec",
      "brightBlack": "#535353",
      "brightRed": "#f07070",
      "brightGreen": "#9dff91",
      "brightYellow": "#ffe48b",
      "brightBlue": "#5eb7f7",
      "brightPurple": "#ff9dff",
      "brightCyan": "#dcf4ff",
      "brightWhite": "#ffffff",
      "background": "#323232",
      "foreground": "#00ff00"
    },
    {
      "name": "Firewatch",
      "black": "#585f6d",
      "red": "#d95360",
      "green": "#5ab977",
      "yellow": "#dfb563",
      "blue": "#4d89c4",
      "purple": "#d55119",
      "cyan": "#44a8b6",
      "white": "#e6e5ff",
      "brightBlack": "#585f6d",
      "brightRed": "#d95360",
      "brightGreen": "#5ab977",
      "brightYellow": "#dfb563",
      "brightBlue": "#4c89c5",
      "brightPurple": "#d55119",
      "brightCyan": "#44a8b6",
      "brightWhite": "#e6e5ff",
      "background": "#1e2027",
      "foreground": "#9ba2b2"
    },
    {
      "name": "Github",
      "black": "#3e3e3e",
      "red": "#970b16",
      "green": "#07962a",
      "yellow": "#f8eec7",
      "blue": "#003e8a",
      "purple": "#e94691",
      "cyan": "#89d1ec",
      "white": "#ffffff",
      "brightBlack": "#666666",
      "brightRed": "#de0000",
      "brightGreen": "#87d5a2",
      "brightYellow": "#f1d007",
      "brightBlue": "#2e6cba",
      "brightPurple": "#ffa29f",
      "brightCyan": "#1cfafe",
      "brightWhite": "#ffffff",
      "background": "#f4f4f4",
      "foreground": "#3e3e3e"
    }
  ],

  // Add custom keybindings to this array.
  // To unbind a key combination from your defaults.json, set the command to "unbound".
  // To learn more about keybindings, visit https://aka.ms/terminal-keybindings
  "keybindings": [
    // Copy and paste are bound to Ctrl+Shift+C and Ctrl+Shift+V in your defaults.json.
    // These two lines additionally bind them to Ctrl+C and Ctrl+V.
    // To learn more about selection, visit https://aka.ms/terminal-selection
    { "command": { "action": "copy", "singleLine": false }, "keys": "ctrl+c" },
    { "command": "paste", "keys": "ctrl+v" },

    // Press Ctrl+Shift+F to open the search box
    { "command": "find", "keys": "ctrl+shift+f" },

    // Press Alt+Shift+D to open a new pane.
    // - "split": "auto" makes this pane open in the direction that provides the most surface area.
    // - "splitMode": "duplicate" makes the new pane use the focused pane's profile.
    // To learn more about panes, visit https://aka.ms/terminal-panes
    {
      "command": {
        "action": "splitPane",
        "split": "auto",
        "splitMode": "duplicate"
      },
      "keys": "alt+shift+d"
    }
  ]
}

defaultProfile 将defaultProfile改为新的powershell。 "defaultProfile": "{574e775e-4f2a-5b96-ac1e-a2962a402336}",
list 在list中新增一个配置，也就是我们的新版powershell。

{
    // Powershell 7.1.0-preview.2 配置
    "guid": "{574e775e-4f2a-5b96-ac1e-a2962a402336}",
    "hidden": false,
    "name": "pwsh",
    // 注意：一定要写上 -nologo，否则开启 powershll 会有一段话输出，很讨厌！
    "commandline": "C:/Program Files/PowerShell/7-preview/pwsh.exe -nologo",
    "source": "Windows.Terminal.PowershellCore",
    // 启动菜单一定要设置为 <.>，否则后面重要的一步将会无效！
    "startingDirectory": ".",
    // 字体
    "fontFace": "Fira Code",
    "fontSize": 11,
    "historySize": 9001,
    "padding": "5, 5, 20, 25",
    "snapOnInput": true,
    "useAcrylic": false,
    // 颜色
    "colorScheme": "idleToes"
},

{
    "name": "idleToes",
    "black": "#323232",
    "red": "#d25252",
    "green": "#7fe173",
    "yellow": "#ffc66d",
    "blue": "#4099ff",
    "purple": "#f680ff",
    "cyan": "#bed6ff",
    "white": "#eeeeec",
    "brightBlack": "#535353",
    "brightRed": "#f07070",
    "brightGreen": "#9dff91",
    "brightYellow": "#ffe48b",
    "brightBlue": "#5eb7f7",
    "brightPurple": "#ff9dff",
    "brightCyan": "#dcf4ff",
    "brightWhite": "#ffffff",
    "background": "#323232",
    "foreground": "#00ff00"
},

配置鼠标右键完成上面的操作后，重新打开Windows Terminal就会发现模样已经变化了。

接下来就是配置鼠标右键了，添加鼠标右键的方式有两种，一种是用脚本，另一种就是改注册表。我本人比较推荐直接使用脚本，毕竟修改注册表有风险。。。

直接使用脚本脚本下载地址：https://github.com/lextm/windowsterminal-shell/ 在 .\install.ps1 后面接参数可以定制你要的效果，该仓库提供了三个效果。如果不加参数，则使用默认效果。该仓库有个好处，那就是可以添加一个右键【以管理员身份在此打开】的选项，简便了不少。再次使用管理员模式打开PowerShell7，然后切换到放install.ps1的目录进行安装。我这里使用默认安装。如果你想用其他模式，也可以使用其他模式，看自己心情即可。其他模式请参考项目文档。